Preliminary evaluation of potential fodder quality in a range of Leucaena species     

J. L. Stewart  A. J. Dunsdon 《Agroforestry Systems》1998,40(2):177-198

Twenty-two taxa and five interspecific hybrids of Leucaena, grown together on a site in Houduras, were evaluated in terms of their potential value as tropical fodder crops. Content of crude protein, organic matter, acid detergent fibre, neutral detergent fibre, total tannin and condensed tannin (proanthocyanidin), as well as in vitro digestibility, were estimated in dried leaf samples, and the accessions ranked according to each of these criteria. The relative palatability of thirteen of the taxa and two of the hybrids was also assessed in a 'cafeteria' trial using fresh leaf material fed to sheep over an 18 day period. Protein, digestibility and palatability estimates, together with previously published yield data, were used to construct three indices of fodder potential, to allow direct comparisons between taxa. The most promising taxa according to these criteria included L. shannonii subsp. shannonii, L. collinsii subsp. zacapana and L. multicapitula, all of which achieved higher scores than the much better-known L. leucocephala subsp. glabrata in the index derived from crude protein and digestibility. When yield and palatability were included in the indices, the very high palatability of L. leucocephala gave it the highest score overall. The most unpromising taxa included L. pulverulenta, L. trichandra, L. esculenta (subsp. esculenta and subsp. matudae), and L. greggii. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Accumulation of tannin in different tissues of Indian major carps and exotic carps     

Sudipta Mandal  Koushik Ghosh 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(6):945-948

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Performance and carcass characteristics of young cattle fed with soybean meal treated with tannins          下载免费PDF全文

Rafael Mezzomo  Pedro Veiga Rodrigues Paulino  Marcília Medrado Barbosa  Taiane da Silva Martins  Mario Fonseca Paulino  Kaliandra Souza Alves  Daiany Iris Gomes  João Paulo Ismério dos Santos Monnerat 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(6):775-782

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of replacement of soybean meal (SBM) with soybean meal treated with tannin (SBMT) on the intake, digestibility, performance and characteristics of the carcasses of young cattle fed a high‐concentrate diet. Forty‐two Nellore bulls with body weight of 244.5 ± 4.99 kg were used. Diets had the inclusion of 7.5% SBM, with a proportion of that SBM (0, 33, 66 or 100%) replaced for SBMT; and other treatment (SBMT + urea) just with 2.5% of SBM which was treated with tannins. Seven animals were randomly selected and slaughtered, and the remaining animals were distributed on treatments and remained for 112 days. After, all animals were slaughtered. There was a linear decline in dry matter intake (P = 0.026) when SBM was replaced with SBMT. No decrease in carcass weight (P > 0.05) was observed. The efficiency of carcass weight gain showed a quadratic function effect (P = 0.049). There were changes in carcass gain composition when SBMT was added (P < 0.05), with an increase in muscle and reduction in fat deposition. The use of SBMT in place of SBM causes changes in body gain composition in animals and reduces DM intake by the animals, achieving a better feed conversion efficiency.  相似文献   

Effect of ensiling persimmon peel and grape pomace as tannin-rich byproduct feeds on their chemical composition and in vitro rumen fermentation     

Ainissya Fitri  Taketo Obitsu  Toshihisa Sugino 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13524

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ensiling fruit byproducts on their chemical composition and in vitro ruminal fermentation. Persimmon peel (PP), white grape pomace (WGP), and red grape pomace (RGP) were ensiled for 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks. Fresh and ensiled PP, WGP, and RGP were used for in vitro rumen fermentation with or without polyethylene glycol (PEG). The non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) content of the byproducts decreased after ensiling, especially for PP. The total tannin content was not changed after ensiling for up to 4 weeks for all byproducts. However, the soluble tannin content in PP decreased but that in grape pomaces was unaffected by ensiling. Gas production, total volatile fatty acid concentration, and methane production by in vitro rumen fermentation for PP and WGP were reduced by ensiling, and increased by adding PEG, except for gas production from the PP silage. These results indicated that changes in the fractions of carbohydrate and tannins during the ensiling process were different between PP and grape pomace. Even though the insolubilization of tannins in PP during ensiling reduced its inhibitory effect on ruminal fermentability, the ensiling PP seemed to remain the ability to mitigate methanogenesis in the rumen.  相似文献   

木粉/落叶松栲胶复合模压成板工艺     

张斌 《东北林业大学学报》2006,34(3):39-40

以木粉为原料,添加适量落叶松栲胶,在不使用合成胶黏剂的情况下,采用高压热处理的方法促成木粉在模具中胶结成板；经正交试验,分析原料木粉目数、木粉与栲胶配比、热压温度、热压时间对成板性能的影响。结果表明：在热压压力为100 MPa、原料含水率为8%、成板密度为1．183g/cm~3的情况下,当热压温度为200℃、热压时间为12 min、木粉目数为140目以上、木粉与栲胶配比为2：1时成板性能较好。  相似文献   

蚕蛹油超声波辅助萃取及其抗氧化稳定性#br#   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

吴晓霞  李建科  张研宇 《中国农业科学》2010,43(8):1677-1687

 【目的】研究蚕蛹油（silkworm pupa oil）超声波辅助萃取的最佳工艺、蚕蛹油的理化性质、影响蚕蛹油氧化的因子和不同抗氧化剂及几种天然多酚类提取物对蚕蛹油的抗氧化效果。【方法】利用响应曲面法（response surface methodology）建立超声波辅助萃取蚕蛹油的数学模型,获得最佳萃取工艺;利用气相色谱法测定蚕蛹油中脂肪酸组成及含量;采用Schaal烘箱法,研究不同因子和添加不同抗氧化剂及几种天然多酚提取物对蚕蛹油抗氧化稳定性影响。【结果】通过二次回归模型响应曲面分析得出超声波辅助萃取蚕蛹油的最佳工艺条件为：超声功率102 W,超声时间20 min;超声温度40℃,在此条件下,蚕蛹油实际得率的平均值为28.9%,提取率为96.3%;超声波辅助萃取的蚕蛹油中不饱和脂肪酸相对含量为74.2 %,其中油酸相对含量为38.3%,α-亚麻酸相对含量为30.2%,亚油酸相对含量为4.3%,棕榈油酸相对含量为1.0%,花生酸相对含量为0.4%;光照、金属离子、温度均可显著加速蚕蛹油氧化,几种天然多酚提取物中五倍子单宁对蚕蛹油抗氧化性最强。【结论】蚕蛹油超声波辅助萃取的提取率高、萃取时间短,油脂品质好;在蚕蛹油储存、加工中应降低温度、避光、避免接触金属离子,添加五倍子单宁可作为蚕蛹油良好的天然抗氧化剂。  相似文献   

Characterization of a Robust and pH-Stable Tannase from Mangrove-Derived Yeast Rhodosporidium diobovatum Q95     

Jie Pan  Ni-Na Wang  Xue-Jing Yin  Xiao-Ling Liang  Zhi-Peng Wang 《Marine drugs》2020,18(11)

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棕色棉发育期儿茶素的HPLC分析     

苏翔  曾叶纯 《安徽农学通报》2013,(19):21-22,126

以棕色棉和白色棉为材料,利用HPLC法测定发育期种皮与纤维中儿茶素的组分与变化规律。结果表明:棉铃发育期,深棕ANL-1和泗棉3号种皮中有儿茶素单体EGC、C、EC,纤维中有GC、C。深棕ANL-1种皮中主要组分C的含量高于泗棉3号,且在28~35DPA阶段迅速下降。深棕ANL-1纤维中GC和C的含量均表现出先升后降的趋势。泗棉3号发育期纤维中各儿茶素组分含量水平非常低。初步推断在纤维伸长期,儿茶素等棕色素前体不断合成并积累,并在次生壁沉积期被逐渐氧化消耗而形成有色的棕色素。  相似文献   

栓皮栎栲胶品质与生态因子的相关分析     

尹艺凝  张文辉 《林业科学》2014,(8)

研究秦岭南坡、秦岭北坡和黄土高原3个分布区6个地点的栓皮栎橡、树皮、叶片、枝条、根和主干木材的单宁含量及其差异,并采用灰色关联度分析其与生态因子的关系,结果表明：3个分布区栓皮栎各器官单宁含量存在显著差异,各器官单宁含量由高到低为秦岭南坡＞秦岭北坡＞黄土高原,秦岭南坡栓皮栎是生产栲胶的最适林地。各地区均为橡单宁含量最高,其次是树皮、叶片、枝条,根和主干木材单宁含量最低。土壤速效磷、速效氮和速效钾是影响栓皮栎各器官单宁含量的主导土壤因子,土壤有机质是影响栓皮栎各器官单宁含量的重要土壤因子,且均与栓皮栎各器官单宁含量呈正相关。无霜期、年日照时数、年均降水量是影响栓皮栎各个器官单宁含量的主导气候因子,其中无霜期和年均降水量与栓皮栎各器官单宁含量呈正相关,年日照时数与其呈负相关。无霜期较长,降水量较高,日照时数较低,土壤速效磷、速效氮和速效钾和有机质含量较高的地区是栓皮栎栲胶生产的优先区域。  相似文献   

柿果实单宁细胞特征与总酚和缩合单宁含量的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

夏宏义  杨勇  杨婷婷  夏乐晗  王仁梓 《林业科学》2014,(10)

In this study,51 accessions of mature persimmon fruits were used as materials to investigate the correlation between characteristics of tannin cells,and total phenolics and condensed tannins contents. ...  相似文献