吉林省农业科技产业化的障碍因素分析及对策研究     

黄映晖  葛洪英 《吉林农业大学学报》2003,25(5):591-594

当前，吉林省农业科技和经济相脱节的现象比较严重，制约了农业的发展。要促进农业科技迅速转化为现实生产力，必须实行农业科技产业化。文中针对吉林省农业科技产业化发展落后这一现状，分析了吉林省农业科技产业化的制约因素，提出了吉林省实施农业科技产业化的对策。  相似文献   

Economic aspects of common health and fertility problems for the individual pig producer: An overview     

A. A. Dijkhuizen 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(2):116-124

Summary

The income margin in modern pig farming is generally narrow. Controlling the cost of production, therefore, is of great importance. Improving health and fertility can play a major role in this context. In this paper three interrelated issues are discussed from a farm management point of view: (1) the financial losses of common health and fertility problems, (2) the costs and benefits of disease control, and (3) the decision to replace individual sows in case of poor health and/or reduced productive performance. Priorities for further research in the field of animal health economics are also discussed.  相似文献   

Feline urological syndrome     

B.R. Jones BVSc  FACVSc 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(1):40-41

CASE HISTORY: Torsion of the descending colon was diagnosed by barium enema radiography in an adult Irish Water Spaniel which had presented with tenesmus of 24 h duration. Treatment involved exploratory laparotomy, repositioning of the colon, colopexy and repair of a mesenteric rent. No definitive cause of the torsion could be established. The dog made an uneventful recovery from surgery.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Animals presenting with constipation of undetermined cause should have large intestinal obstruction ruled out prior to administering bowel cleansing solutions per os and/or colonic enemas. Colonic obstruction by torsion should be considered as a possible differential diagnosis in all cases of tenesmus.  相似文献   

Acute small intestinal obstruction associated with Parascaris equorum infection in young horses: 25 cases (1985–2004)     

NC Cribb  NM Coté  LP Bouré  AS Peregrine 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):338-343

AIMS: To retrospectively evaluate the medical and surgical records of horses with acute small intestinal obstructions associated with Parascaris equorum infection; to describe the gastrointestinal lesions; and to determine the outcome of cases with such lesions.

METHODS: Records of 25 horses with acute small intestinal obstruction associated with P. equorum between 1985 and 2004 were reviewed to determine signalment, history, physical examination, surgical or post-mortem findings, and outcome.

RESULTS: All horses except one were less than 12 months old. Standardbreds were over-represented in the population studied. Sixteen horses (72%) had been administered anthelmintics, including pyrantel (n=8), ivermectin (n=7), and trichlorphon (n=1), within 24 h prior to the onset of colic. Of the 25 cases reviewed, 16 had simple obstructive ascarid impactions (SOAIs), and nine had complicated obstructive ascarid impaction (COAI) including volvulus (n=6) or intussusception (n=3), both concurrent with ascarid impaction of the small intestine. Short-term survival (discharge from hospital) occurred in 79% of horses treated for SOAI, and was 64% for all horses. Long-term survival (>1 year) occurred in 33% of horses with SOAI, and the overall long-term survival was 27% for all horses. Formation of adhesions was the most frequent finding associated with death for horses that did not survive long-term.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The incidence of anthelmintic treatment within 24 h of the onset of colic in this study population (72%) was higher than that previously reported. Resistance of P. equorum to ivermectin recently reported in Ontario may be associated with increased ascarid burdens, predisposing horses to ascarid impaction. The long-term survival of these horses was better than that reported previously.  相似文献   

Tracheal Stent Placement for the Emergency Management of Tracheal Collapse in Dogs     

Matthew W. Beal 《Topics in companion animal medicine》2013,28(3):106-111

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Effect of potential therapeutic agents in reducing oxidative stress in pulmonary tissues of recurrent airway obstruction‐affected and clinically healthy horses     

C. VENUGOPAL  N. MARIAPPAN  E. HOLMES  M. KEARNEY  R. BEADLE 《Equine veterinary journal》2013,45(1):80-84

Reasons for performing study: To determine and compare the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) in pulmonary tissues of horses affected with recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) and clinically healthy horses, and to evaluate the effectiveness of potential therapeutic agents in reducing ROS and RNS in the tissues of these horses. Objectives: We hypothesised that RAO‐affected horses would have high levels of reactive species and that the test agents would reduce them. The objectives were as follows: 1) to determine the level of ROS and RNS in pulmonary tissues (bronchial and arterial rings) of RAO‐affected and clinically healthy horses; and 2) to determine the ability of pentoxifylline, pyrrolidine‐dithiocarbamate and a combined use of endothelin A and B receptor antagonists (BQ123 and BQ788, respectively) in reducing reactive species. Methods: Arterial and bronchial rings were collected from the diaphragmatic lung lobe of each horse immediately after euthanasia. The levels of ROS and RNS were measured in control tissues and those incubated with test agents, using an electron paramagnetic resonance instrument. Results: The levels of ROS and RNS were significantly greater in arterial and bronchial tissues of RAO‐affected than of clinically healthy horses. Pentoxifylline and endothelin antagonists reduced both ROS and RNS in tissues from RAO‐affected horses. Basal levels of reactive species in clinically healthy horses were not affected by these agents. No difference in the level of reactive species was observed between arterial and bronchial tissues. Conclusions: Horses affected by RAO had higher ROS and RNS than clinically healthy horses. Pentoxifylline and endothelin antagonists effectively reduced ROS and RNS in pulmonary tissues of RAO‐affected horses. Potential relevance: The study suggested a potential use for pentoxifylline and endothelin antagonists in treating RAO‐affected horses. As endothelin is involved in physiological functions, therapeutic use of its antagonists is cautioned.  相似文献   

针药结合治疗风痰阻络证中风后吞咽障碍患者75例临床观察          下载免费PDF全文

李洁  周芳  王小云  马艳  孙瑞 《勤云标准版测试》2017,37(2):181-184

目的 观察化痰通咽汤结合针灸治疗中风后风痰瘀阻证吞咽障碍的临床疗效。方法 选取在武汉市第一医院康复医学科住院的证属风痰瘀阻证中风后吞咽障碍患者150例,随机分为对照组和治疗组各75例。治疗组采用针刺结合化痰通咽汤进行治疗,对照组采用针刺治疗,两组均给予神经内科基本治疗和康复治疗,疗程4周,对比临床疗效。结果 治疗后两组洼田饮水试验评分,吞咽功能障碍中医评价量表评分,电视X线透视吞咽功能检查,吞咽困难生活质量测量比较差异均有统计学意义,治疗组优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 在神经内科基本治疗和康复治疗基础上综合运用化痰通咽汤结合针灸治疗中风后风痰瘀阻证吞咽障碍患者,能提高疗效,值得推广应用。  相似文献   

EFFECT OF HEAD AND NECK POSITION ON PHARYNGEAL DIAMETER IN HORSES     

ANJA CEHAK  KARL ROHN  ANN‐KRISTIN BARTON  PETER STADLER  BERNHARD OHNESORGE 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2010,51(5):491-497

Dynamic nasopharyngeal collapse with upper airway obstruction is an important cause of exercise intolerance in performance horses. Its underlying pathophysiology is not fully understood. We hypothesize that head position affects pharyngeal diameter, and thus head position may be a contributing factor to nasopharyngeal obstruction. Fifteen adult healthy horses were subjected to endoscopy and radiography at rest. The pharyngeal diameter was measured at nine different head and neck positions. The effect of sedation and breathing cycle on the pharyngeal diameter was determined, and the relationship between the head angle and the pharyngeal diameter was analyzed. There was a significant influence of head and neck position on pharyngeal diameter, with head position having the major effect (P<0.001); neck position was less important, but still significant (P<0.05). The smallest pharyngeal diameter was found at the dorsal, flexed position, which is a clinically important head position in dressage horses. The largest pharyngeal diameter was found at the extended midway position. At each head level, the pharyngeal diameter decreased with flexing the head and it increased with extending the head. The head angle was not associated with pharyngeal diameter, and neither sedation status nor breathing cycle significantly affected pharyngeal diameter. A decrease in pharyngeal diameter will limit the airflow through the upper respiratory tract, and it may result in turbulence with subsequent dynamic collapse. Head and neck position should therefore be considered a possible contributing factor in horses with suspected nasopharyngeal dysfunction.  相似文献   

输卵管妊娠腹腔镜手术治疗40例临床分析     

管延萍  劳金美 《吉林林学院学报》2010,(1):59-60

目的探讨输卵管妊娠腹腔镜保守手术与传统开腹手术的治疗效果．方法将收治的80例输卵管妊娠的患者分为腹腔镜组与开腹手术组,各40例,对两组术中、术后情况进行比较分析．结果腹腔镜组术中出血量、住院时间、术后肛门排气时间、离床时间均较开腹组明显减少,术后随访2～3a,术后腹腔镜组再次宫内妊娠明显高于开腹手术组．结论应用腹腔镜行输卵管妊娠保守手术治疗优于传统的开腹手术,腹腔镜手术可以作为输卵管妊娠且有生育要求患者保守手术的首选．  相似文献   

Relationship between peritubular capillary injury and renal interstitial fibrosis in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction     

HAN Hong  SUN Dong  MA Yan-yan  YIN Zhong-cheng 《园艺学报》2010,26(12):2478

AIM: To observe the injury of peritubular capillary (PTC), hypoxia and interstitial fibrosis after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), and to explore the effects of PTC injury and hypoxia on interstitial fibrosis in mouse model of UUO. METHODS: Forty-eight male KM mice were randomly divided into control group and UUO group. On the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days, 6 mice in each group were sacrificed. The changes of pathomorphism in the kidney were observed by HE and Masson staining. The expression levels of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and PTC density were detected by immunohistochemistry. The protein expression of VEGF was also determined by Western blotting. RESULTS: No histological abnormalities of the kidneys were observed in sham-operated mice. The expression of TSP-1 was increased 1 day after UUO, and significantly increased on the 3rd, 7th and 14th days(P<0.05). The expression of VEGF was obviously decreased(P<0.05). PTC density was gradually decreased. The expression of HIF-1α was gradually increased, and renal interstitial area was gradually expanded. PTC density was negatively correlated with the expression of TSP-1 and HIF-1α (r=-0.874 and r=-0.930, respectively). VEGF expression was positively correlated with PTC density (r=0.745). PTC density was negatively correlated with the area of renal fibrosis (r=-0.787). HIF-1α expression was positively correlated with the area of renal fibrosis (r=0.835, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: In mouse UUO model, the expression of TSP-1 is increased. The expression of VEGF is reduced. The peritubular capillary injury and tissue hypoxia are aggravated, and renal interstitial fibrosis area is expanded. Ischemia and hypoxia may play an important role in the progression of UUO.  相似文献