Interspecific hybridization between Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. and V. vexillata (L.) A. Rich. through in vitro embryo culture     

P. Gomathinayagam  S. Ganesh ram  R. Rathnaswamy  N.M. Ramaswamy 《Euphytica》1998,103(2):203-209

Immature embryos resulting from the cross V. vexillata × V. unguiculata were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D (2 mg/l) and resulted in embryogenic calli. Thirteen hybrid regenerants were obtained via organogenesis by subculturing the calli on MS medium supplemented with BAP (2 mg/l) + adenine sulphate (40 mg/l) + CH (500 mg/l) + cowpea tender pod extract (10%). The interspecific regenerants showed intermediate morphological traits between the parents for leaf shape, pod colour and seed coat colour. The hybrid plants inherited stem, leaf and pod hairiness of the wild species which could serve as a mechanical barrier against viral vectors. Electrophoretic studies of two isozyme systems, peroxidase and esterase, also confirms the hybrid nature of the regenerants as they expressed unique bands of both parents. Cytological study of the meiotic chromosomes revealed high frequency of univalent formation in the hybrids suggesting that the genomes of the parental species are structurally differentiated. The hybrid regenerants exhibited high enzyme activity for three enzymes viz., peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and phenyl alanine ammonia lyase over the cultivated parent which may be useful in conferring resistance against viral pathogens. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Variation in seed proteins from mutagen-treated cultivars and selected lines of Vigna unguiculata L. Walp     

A. O. Osanyinpeju  P. G. C. Odeigah 《Plant Breeding》1998,117(4):361-365

The storage protein profiles of the seeds of two IITA cowpea cultivars (‘IT84E–124’ and ‘Vita 7’) exposed to three mutagens—sodium azide (NaN₃), ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) and ⁶⁰Co gamma rays—and those of 18 selected M₃ lines were investigated by sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The total seed protein, globulin and albumin fractions showed differences in number and intensity of subunit bands, but the least differences were found in the albumin fraction. Both high and low molecular weight bands were observed, the highest being 94.5 kDa and the lowest 12.0 kDa.‘Vita T showed less variability compared with ‘IT84E–124’, as indicated by the relative similarity indices (S.I.) of the two cultivars. The lowest S.I. of 0.200 was found among ‘IT84E–124’ lines while the lowest S.I. among ‘Vita T lines was 0.4706. A number of lines with particular traits were found to be characterized by the presence of specific polypeptide bands. This study demonstrates that induced mutation could create additional variability to supplement existing germplasm and that SDS-PAGE is a useful tool for discriminating and estimating genetic similarities among selections.  相似文献   

Traditional conservation of vegetable cowpea in Nigeria   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M.I. Uguru 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1998,45(2):135-138

The vegetable cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. ssp. unguiculata, is cultivated for its fresh pods and leaves in the derived savanna and forest belts of southeastern Nigeria. Nigerian material of this cowpea type with its diverse range of characteristics, is an important resource for improvement of cowpeas. The conservation and maintenance of this useful legume amidst the new varieties released yearly from research stations and seed companies have been accomplished through indigenous traditional methods. These methods have been discussed.  相似文献   

不同温度下豇豆花粉对卵圆真绥螨发育及繁殖的影响     

于静静  高芳铭  曹凤勤  郝慧华 《热带作物学报》2018,39(6):1172-1175

为探讨不同温度下豇豆花粉对卵圆真绥螨[Euseius ovalis(Evans)]发育及繁殖的影响,在温度条件为25、30、35 ℃下,用豇豆花粉饲喂卵圆真绥螨,观察雌成螨繁殖,记录卵至成螨的发育历期,分析各螨态存活率及各生命参数。结果表明,用豇豆花粉饲喂卵圆真绥螨在3种温度下均可正常发育和繁殖,单雌总产卵量分别为(32.33±2.17)、(19.29±2.85)、(10.40±1.92)粒。卵-成螨30 ℃时发育历期最短,为(3.71±0.12) d。卵-成螨在25、30 ℃下存在较高的存活率,分别为93.75%±4.35%、90.63%±5.24%,35 ℃时存活率最低,为68.75%±8.30%。说明豇豆花粉可作为卵圆真绥螨的交替食物。35 ℃时,卵圆真绥螨的净增殖率、内禀增长率和周限增长率均为最低,分别为1.45±0.13、0.04±0.03和1.04±0.02,与25、30 ℃时存在显著差异,说明高温对卵圆真绥螨存在抑制作用。30 ℃种群加倍时间最短,为(3.73±0.56)d。  相似文献   

1-MCP结合MAP处理对豇豆保鲜效果的影响     

史君彦  高丽朴  王清  范林林  吕佳煜  夏春丽  左进华 《湖北农业科学》2016,(20):5332-5335

以豇豆(Vigna unguiculata)为试材,探究1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)结合自发气调包装(MAP,CO2高渗透膜)处理的保鲜效果。结果表明,在15℃下贮藏,1-MCP结合CO2高渗透膜MAP处理和CO2高渗透膜MAP处理,对豇豆失重率变化无显著影响,但均可有效抑制可溶性固形物(TSS)含量的增加,延缓维生素C和可溶性蛋白质含量的降低,抑制丙二醛(MDA)含量的升高,维持细胞膜的完整性,同时抑制过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的升高,延缓了活性氧自由基的损伤和酶促褐变反应对豇豆品质的影响。其中,1-MCP结合MAP处理对豇豆保鲜效果较佳。  相似文献   

PEG渗透胁迫下12个豇豆品种萌芽期抗旱性评价     

徐小玉  张凤银  李俊芳 《东北农业大学学报》2016,(1):15-20

以20%聚乙二醇(PEG)溶液为渗透介质模拟干旱胁迫条件,研究12个豇豆品种种子萌发特性及抗旱性。结果表明,20%PEG作用下,除鄂豇豆12号发芽势提高3.9%外,其他供试豇豆品种发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数以及活力指数均有不同程度下降,且萌发期豇豆幼苗生长受到抑制。运用隶属函数法综合评价12个豇豆品种种子萌发期抗旱性,各品种豇豆耐旱级别分别为:1级(耐旱型)为天德一号,2级(较耐旱型)为碧园春贵、鄂豇豆12号,3级(中间型)为海亚特、扬研8号、柳风、扬研2号、柳翠,4级(干旱较敏感型)为早翠,5级(干旱敏感型)为美国地豆、紫魁、矮虎。  相似文献   

Amendment of Sugar Mill Wastewater Irrigation on Soil Biohydrological Properties and Yield of Vigna umguiculata L. Walp in Two Seasons     

Sachin Srivastava  A. K. Chopra  Piyusha Sharma  Vinod Kumar 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2017,48(5):511-523

A field experiment was conducted to study the biohydrological properties of soil and yield of Vigna unguiculata L. Walp irrigated with five concentrations of sugar mill wastewater (SMW) during the Kharif and Zaid seasons. Among various concentrations of SMW, irrigation with 100% SMW significantly (P < 0.001) increased zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), cadmium (C), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), and iron (Fe) of the soil, while decreased total bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, yeast, and rhizobia of the soil in both the cultivated seasons. However, the values of these metals were below the recommended permissible limit except Cd. Enrichment factor (Ef) of various heavy metals for soil was in the order Ni > Cr > Cd > Zn > Cu after irrigation with SMW. The crop yield of V. unguiculata was found to be inversely proportional to concentrations of SMW, with the best results being obtained at 50% SMW concentrations after 90 days of irrigation in both the cultivated seasons.  相似文献   

A Review on Regeneration in Cowpea （Vigna unguiculata L. Walp）     

X. M. Li  J. Li  M. Li  Y. Tang  H. X. Li  L. Chen 《农业科学与技术》2011,(4):525-532

Vigna unguiculata L. Walp is a recalcitrant plant in terms of in vitro cell, tissue and organ differentiation, which makes it difficult to apply tissue-culture dependant approaches for obtaining stable genetic transformation in cowpea. Despite this, sporadic efforts have been made to develop regeneration systems in cowpea during the past 40 years. This review presents the considerable progress on cowpea regeneration （organogenesis and embryogenesis） and especially focuses on the regeneration mode of organogenesis, including highlights of the effect of genotypes, explants, medium and plant hormones used in tissue culture. The existing problems and the future research directions were also discussed.  相似文献   

Fiber‐optic spectrophotometry of cowpea nodules treated with nitrate or ammonium     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(6):691-706

Abstract

Cowpea nodules (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp. cv. CB5) were pierced with two opposing optical fibers (280 μm diameter), and absorbance spectra of 0.1 mm of nodule tissue were recorded from 415 to 600 nm using a modified spectrophotometer with a nodule sampling stage.

The nodule spectra exhibited two absorbance bands, a major band in the near‐UV (415–450 nm) and a lesser one in the green‐yellow region (510–585 nm); the latter exhibited a prominent peak at 550 nm. Nodule spectra were consistent with the superposition of the spectra of ferroleghemoglobin (Lb²⁺), oxyleghemoglobin (Lb²⁺‐ O₂), and cytochrome c (550 nm). The detection of leghemoglobin in vivo was confirmed by demonstrating the reversibility of binding of CO to Lb, and by comparing the spectra of live nodules with those obtained from anaerobic leghemoglobin preparations.

The effects on the nodule spectra of two successive applications (36 and 39 days after planting) of 5 and 10 mM NO₃ ^‐ or NH₄ ⁺ to the nutrient solution bathing the nodulated roots were determined. The spectra of NO₃ ^‐‐ and NH₄ ⁺‐treated nodules were indistinguishable; in each case the height of both the near‐UV and green‐yellow absorbance bands decreased with treatment. Treatment with N caused a significant reduction in the area of the green‐yellow absorbance band.

The spectra of green leghemoglobin pigments were obtained from senescent nodules; these exhibited a reduction in the height of the near‐UV absorbance band and a flattening of the green‐yellow band similar to that of nodules treated with N, but the broadening of the near‐UV band was greater in green nodules.  相似文献   

豇豆(Vigna unguiculata)VQ蛋白家族基因的序列与进化分析     

胡利宗  李超琼  张雯露  周琳  纪秀娥 《分子植物育种》2020,(7):2118-2126

VQ蛋白是一类植物特有的转录调控辅助因子,主要与WRKY蛋白互作,参与诸多生物学功能。尽管一些植物VQ家族基因已经被鉴定,但在豇豆中有关VQ家族基因的研究未见报道。本研究利用生物信息学手段从豇豆中鉴定出37个VuVQ基因,并详细分析这些基因的序列、微共线性、表达谱与进化关系。染色体与共线性分析表明,豇豆VuVQ基因定位在11条染色体上,基因扩增主要由片段重复产生,其中4对重复基因所在区段共线性程度高。序列分析结果显示:豇豆VuVQ基因结构有3种类型,绝大多数无内含子;豇豆VQ蛋白均包含VQ结构域,同时这些VQ保守基序数目和顺序变异较高。进化研究揭示豇豆VQ蛋白存在6大类群,这些类群均起源于陆生植物。选择压力检测表示,豇豆的8对VuVQ基因均受严格的负选择。表达分析表明了豇豆VQ基因具有多样化的表达模式,这意味着VQ蛋白参与多种生物学过程。本研究结果为豇豆VQ基因的功能解析提供线索。  相似文献