甘肃河西盐碱荒地开发对河流水质的影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

邱瑞骥  赵峰 《干旱区资源与环境》1996,10(4):19-25

本文详尽分析了甘肃河西地区张掖临泽部分盐碱荒地开发对生态环境产生的主要污染参数、污染因子及污染物排放量，预测了洗盐废水中可溶性盐分对黑河水质的影响。  相似文献   

Biosecurity and arable use of manure and biowaste — Treatment alternatives     

Ann Albihn  Bjrn Vinners 《Livestock Science》2007,112(3):232-239

The potential negative environmental impact of manure and biological waste (BW) can be minimised at a profit by recycling plant nutrients in the food chain. Current large-scale livestock production, epizootic diseases and increasing globalisation increase the need for biosecurity, to minimise the risk of disease transmission to the food chain. Arable use of manure and BW can inadvertently spread infectious diseases; opinion differs concerning the risk levels. To obtain general acceptance for arable use, a hygienically safe end-product is needed. This paper provides a detailed discussion of treatment alternatives for co-treatment, i.e., mixture before treatment of manure and BW. Composting, anaerobic digestion and ammonia treatment are the three options given. A decision support tool is also presented and discussed. Suitable treatment methods must combine biosecurity aspects with environmental, economic and nutrient recycling aspects to create a beneficial whole-farm approach.  相似文献   

Treatment of cow-waste slurry by a microbial fuel cell and the properties of the treated slurry as a liquid manure   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hiroshi YOKOYAMA  Hideyuki OHMORI  Mitsuyoshi ISHIDA  Miyoko WAKI  Yasuo TANAKA 《Animal Science Journal》2006,77(6):634-638

Resource recycling and the proper treatment of animal waste to reduce its environmental impact are currently important issues for the livestock industry. A microbial fuel cell (MFC), a new type of bioreactor, is expected to play roles in both waste‐water purification and energy recovery. However, the generation of electricity from cow waste has not yet been examined. In this study, using an MFC, we examined the possibility of generating electricity from dairy‐cow waste slurry, and analyzed the properties of the treated slurry as liquid manure for resource recycling. The MFC treatment of the slurry generated electricity in a dose‐dependent manner, and the maximum power output by the MFC from a 1 g of chemical oxygen demand/L slurry was 0.34 mW/m². After the MFC treatment, 84% of the biological oxygen demand in the slurry was removed and three essential fertilizer elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) were retained at 84, 70, and 91% levels, respectively. The amount of ammonia nitrogen in the slurry, as an element of fast‐release fertilizer, was increased by 1.9‐fold. Although the treated slurry displayed properties that made it preferable as liquid manure, further studies to improve the electrical power output by the MFC are required for practical use.  相似文献   

淀粉废液发酵香菇菌丝体   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李宗义  王爱玲 《中国食用菌》1998,17(1):17-19

作者以淀粉废液为主要碳源,运用正交试验,采用摇瓶发酵筛选香菇液体发酵培养基。结果显示,在以淀粉废液为主要碳源的培养基中,每升含玉米浆１０ｇ,甲基纤维素１０ｇ,碳酸镁８．８ｍｇ和硫酸亚铁５ｍｇ最适宜于香菇菌丝生长发育。在诸因素中,甲基纤维素最重要。提示香菇液体发酵菌丝球的数量与大小,除与菌种、营养成分有关外,还与培养基的粘度（Ｖｉｓｃｏｓｉｔｙ）相关。添加适量的甲基纤维素能使香菇菌丝球变小,均匀而菌丝量增加。  相似文献   

利用固体废弃物生产商品砂浆   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈海红 《北京农业》2011,(9):177-178

砂浆是一类重要的建筑材料,砂浆的商品化是建筑业实施节能减排的重要方面。发展商品砂浆可以实现节约资源、减少污染。  相似文献   

排矸区沙棘复垦及沙棘果深加工的研究     

孙增光 《林业勘查设计》2008,(4):69-71

从4个方面分别对鹤岗矿区矸石排放区栽植沙棘的技术、利用价值、深加工技术流程及其生态效益和社会效益做了介绍.  相似文献   

对重铬酸钾回流法测定COD后的废液再利用     

陈思 《现代农业科学》2009,(9)

笔者叙述了对重铬酸钾回流法测定COD之后的废液中的有害物质进行处理与再利用的实验。通过置换,中和等一系列化学手段对其中的有害物质进行处理与回收,防止其对环境造成污染,并起到回收再利用的效果。  相似文献   

泔脚厌氧发酵中试系统设计及运行研究     

李铭裕  钱小青  郭强  赵由才 《中国沼气》2007,25(6):19-24

在小型试验的基础上,进行了总容积1300 L的预酸化两相连续发酵的中试设备构建设计;运行试验结果表明,在中温发酵条件下,泔脚废物的预酸化两相处理,在负荷1.66 kg.m-3d-1和35℃时,每吨泔脚能产生102 m3沼气。与城市有机废物大型发酵工艺的技术与运营指标对比定性分析表明,本工艺条件下的泔脚厌氧发酵处置具有广阔的社会产业化应用前景。  相似文献   

国外木材工业企业的热能源自给技术   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张一帆  王伟宏 《木材工业》1998,12(2):33-34

本文介绍了国外木材加工企业实现热能源自给的高效，节能除尘－供热系统。  相似文献   

农业废弃物制备生物炭方法及应用现状          下载免费PDF全文

尤心雨  李正昊  姜华  傅留义 《现代农业科技》2024,(3)

农业废弃物是指在农产品生产、再生产过程中,由于资源的投入和产出的差异,导致资源利用中物质和能源的流失。农业废弃物产量日益增多,但没有得到合理利用,对环境造成污染。利用农业废弃物制备生物炭是一种有效的资源化利用方式,已成为国内外研究热点。本文主要归纳总结了农业废弃物制备生物炭的4种方法及其优缺点,并对生物炭在土壤改良、环境修复和气候变化的应用进行了分析,以期为生物炭在农业领域的应用开发提供依据。  相似文献