EFFECT OF PREVIOUS NITROGEN STARVATION ON NO3 − AND NH4 + UPTAKE AND ASSIMILATION ASSOCIATED WITH THE ENDOGENOUS SOLUBLE CARBOHYDRATE UTILIZATION IN MOROCCAN WHEAT SEEDLINGS     

《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(12):1995-2007

Uptake of the two forms of nitrogen NO₃ ^? and NH₄ ⁺ and nitrate reduction have been studied in two varieties of Moroccan wheat seedlings, cvs. Sais and Jouda, cultivated under controlled conditions in a hydroponic medium. The available form of nitrogen in the medium had a direct effect on the rate of nitrogen absorption. A brief nitrogen starvation increased the root length and stimulated accumulation of soluble carbohydrates, especially in the root tissues. A resupply of nitrogen stimulated ammonium and nitrate uptake and assimilation with higher mobilization of the soluble carbohydrates previously accumulated in root seedlings. It is suggested that root nitrogen and carbohydrate status might both regulate nitrate uptake and reduction in Moroccan wheat seedlings.

The seedlings raised with the nitrate supply accumulated nitrate in the vacuole as an osmoticum. Shoots are the preferential site for such accumulation. The accumulation of mineral nitrogen was absent in the seedlings cultivated with ammonium supply but was compensated by accumulation of soluble organic nitrogen.  相似文献   

Nitrogen nutrition,leaf resistance,and leaf photosynthetic rate of the rice plant     

Shouichi Yoshida  Victoria Coronel 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):207-211

The evidence that indicates a close association between nitrogen nutrition and the Photosynthetic rate of single rice leaves (Table 1) shows that the photosynthetic rate is related to the nitrogen content on a dry weight basis or on a leaf area basis, Photosynthesis of single leaves can be analyzed in terms of a series of diffusion resistances, i.e., stomatal, mesophyll, and carboxylation (1, 3, 6). Nitrogen nutrition may affect either one of these or more than two at the same time. Nitrogen nutrition affects mainly the mesophyll resistance, and the stomatal resistance to a lesser extent, in cotton, beans, and maize (10) while it affects both the stomatal and mesophyll resistance in sugar beet (8).  相似文献   

基于里程信息融合的株间锄草刀定位数据优化方法     

陈子文  李南  李涛  张春龙  孙哲  李伟  张宾  张俊雄 《农业工程学报》2015,31(21):198-204

为提高株间锄草刀定位精度、降低机器视觉受外界因素的影响,该文提出里程信息融合机器视觉的方法对锄刀定位数据进行优化。通过分析定位数据校正和视觉滞后补偿的原理,设计了模糊逻辑校正器,通过模糊规则将模糊校正系统简化为单输入单输出形式,采用Mamdani模糊推理方法获得视觉数据可信度决策表,将可信度作为加权值生成校正锄刀定位数据,并提出采用实时里程信息作为视觉滞后补偿量的方法,给出补偿公式。田间刀苗距优化静态试验表明,视觉刀苗距误差为9.88 mm,优化后刀苗距误差为6.06 mm;动态试验表明,视觉数据出错率为4.8%～6.6%,刀苗距变化曲线显示,优化方法可有效过滤视觉坏点或不稳定的数据点,将视觉滞后纳入衡量标准,不同车速下动态优化后刀苗距平均误差为5.30～7.08 mm,较优化前降低了25%左右。研究结果表明,锄草刀定位数据优化方法可有效提高机器视觉静态和动态获取刀苗距的精度。该研究为提高株间锄草技术的锄刀定位精度提供了参考。  相似文献   

关节式蔬菜育苗穴盘播后自动摆放机设计     

张秀花  谢晓东  弋景刚  杨淑华  孔德刚  袁永伟 《农业工程学报》2018,34(21):27-36

为解决中国蔬菜育苗播种后人工摆放穴盘劳动强度大的难题,设计了关节式蔬菜育苗穴盘播后自动摆放机,并对机器的关键部件进行了理论分析及设计计算。确定了以关节式机械手作为摆盘执行机构,对其进行了数学建模并得到了摆盘机械手运动学方程。在单因素试验的基础上,进行Box-Behnken Design响应面优化试验设计,探求了穴盘输送高度、输送角度、输送速度3个关键参数对穴盘间距合格率、穴盘摆正率、穴盘排齐率3个评价指标的影响规律,利用Design-Expert软件对试验结果进行方差分析,建立了评价指标与各影响因素的数学回归模型,并进行响应面分析,得到了影响摆盘效果的3个关键参数的最佳组合为：穴盘输送速度为60 mm/s,穴盘输送角度为31°,穴盘输送高度为40 mm。并对优选出的最佳摆盘参数组合进行了试验验证分析,试验结果为：穴盘间距合格率97.6%,穴盘摆正率96.5%,穴盘排齐率95.7%,试验结果与理论预测值的误差绝对值均低于5%,表明摆盘执行机构在最佳工艺参数组合下工作平稳可靠,满足穴盘摆放技术要求。该研究可为全自动化、智能化穴盘摆放机的设计提供参考。  相似文献   

面向土地利用总体规划的建设用地空间管制潜在冲突检测     

马丹驯  李满春  金晓龙  刘小强  姜朋辉 《水土保持通报》2018,38(6):298-303

[目的]准确识别、检测建设用地空间管制分区与城市扩张之间的潜在冲突,以期为下一轮土地利用总体规划的实施与土地资源管理工作的开展提供理论参考与技术方法支撑。[方法]基于CA-Markov模型模拟预测了2020年江苏省常州市土地利用状况,在此基础上集成GIS空间分析技术,识别并检测了常州市2015—2020年建设用地空间管制分区与城市未来发展之间的潜在冲突区域。[结果](1)2020年常州市建设用地总量及新增量规模将分别达到规划目标的101.16%,159.97%,即会突破土地利用总体规划目标;禁止建设区内建设用地空间管制潜在冲突面积较少;(2)限制建设区内建设用地空间管制潜在冲突面积较大,约占新增建设用地面积的59.23%,其中约有59.15%的潜在冲突分布在武进区。[结论]在常州市下一轮土地利用总体规划编制与实施过程中,应重点强化对限制建设区内潜在冲突区域的管控。  相似文献   

硒碘联合生物营养强化规律及硒碘交互作用初步研究     

鲁亚普  王张民  袁林喜  尹雪斌 《土壤》2018,50(6):1208-1213

硒和碘是人体重要的微量元素,硒和碘缺乏可能导致人体处于亚健康状态或患多种疾病。膳食是安全、高效的补充硒和碘的方式。目前,对植物吸收两种元素的相关性研究较为匮乏。本试验通过施加一定含量梯度的碘酸钾、硒酸盐,探究番茄、生菜两种作物对硒和碘的吸收能力,以及两种元素吸收的相关性。研究结果表明:番茄植株相比生菜,对无机硒和碘酸钾的富集能力更强;生菜和番茄中,硒和碘的吸收没有显著相关性。  相似文献   

The Effect of Spraying Concentrated Biogas on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Cotton Seedling     

Xu Ruiqiang  Dong Helin  Xu Wenxiu  Kadiliya Avudukelimu  Adina Baishanhali  Dong Taili  Fu Chuancui  Wurentuya Pilijia  Tang Jianghua 《棉花学报》2018,30(3):261-271

[Objective] The effect of concentrated biogas slurry on growth and physiological characteristics of cotton seedlings was studied in this experiment, and theoretical basis for the rational application of concentrated biogas slurry was provided. [Method] Potted cotton seedlings was sprayed by five different dosages of concentrated biogas slurry, the impact of different spraying quantity (163 mL·hm^－2, 326 mL·hm^－2, 489 mL·hm^－2, 668 mL·hm^－2, 815 mL·hm^－2) after spraying time (after spraying 2nd day, 4th day, 6th day) on cotton seedlings growth and physiological indexes were studied. [Results] The results showed that the suitable quantity of spraying of concentrated biogas slurry had promoting effect to the cotton growth and development, the excess concentrated biogas slurry could inhibit the growth of cotton seedlings. The plant height, dry weight per plant and leaf area of spraying 489 mL·hm^－2 processing are the highest, the average of two batches on the 6th day after spraying are 21.15%, 35.95%, 18.84% higher than CK, respectively. Spraying concentrated biogas slurry can improve cotton seedlings chlorophyll content, soluble sugar contents, soluble protein content. Spraying 489 mL·hm^－2 processing is the highest in both batches, the average of two batches is 18.84%, 24.03%, 3.16% higher than CK, respectively. The result of concentrated biogas slurry onseedlings leaves took effect quickly, especially in 0～4th days. [Conclusion] It is concluded that the suitable amount of concentrated biogas slurry has a positive effect on the growth and physiological characteristics of cotton seedlings, which is beneficial to the formation of strong seedlings of cotton and provides the basis for the later growth of cotton.  相似文献   

8种棕榈植物幼苗耐盐性的比较分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

廖启炓 《中国农学通报》2010,26(16):362-369

摘要：将加那利海枣(Phoenix canariensis)、棍棒椰子(Hyophorbe verschaffeltii)、三角椰子（Dypsis decaryi）、国王椰子（Ravenea rivularis）、飓风椰子（Dictyosperma album）、大王椰子（Roystonea regia）、红棕榈（Latania lontanoides）和狐尾椰子(Wodyetia bifurcata)8种棕榈植物幼苗培养在不同含盐量的土壤中,研究了土壤盐度与棕榈植物幼苗株高生长、植株各部分生物量的关系,确定棕榈植物幼苗生长的土壤盐度的适宜值、临界值和极限值。根据植物生长量和土壤盐度的关系曲线,可以分成3种类型：低盐促进类型（三角椰子和棍棒椰子）、直线负相关类型（国王椰子、加那利海枣和飓风椰子）和低盐敏感类型（狐尾椰子、红棕榈和大王椰子）。8种棕榈植物幼苗耐盐性依次为：加那利海枣>棍棒椰子>三角椰子>国王椰子>飓风椰子>大王椰子>红棕榈>狐尾椰子。  相似文献   

控释尿素接触施用对番茄幼苗生长的影响     

许俊香  倪小会曹兵 《中国农学通报》2012,28(1):191-194

为提升蔬菜育苗的养分管理水平、培育壮苗,从而为作物高产打下基础,以不同释放期的控释尿素为试验材料,通过穴盘育苗试验研究了控释尿素与番茄种子接触施用对番茄幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：PCU50处理出现烧苗现象,番茄幼苗生长受到抑制,与常规育苗相比,株高、茎粗、叶绿素分别降低27.9%、11.1%和10.6%,地上部干重、根干重和壮苗指数则分别降低47.2%、35.6%和35.8%。而PCU130处理的番茄幼苗长势良好,茎粗、叶绿素含量和壮苗指数相比常规育苗分别增加3.70%、10.0%和35.0%,根系总吸收面积和活跃吸收面积分别增加95.1%和44.7%。控释肥与种子接触施用关键在于合理的控释肥释放期的选择,综合考虑番茄幼苗各项生长指标,认为释放期为130天的控释尿素更为适宜。  相似文献   

2CYL-450型水稻秧盘育秧播种流水线的研制   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

周海波  马旭  玉大略  齐龙 《农机化研究》2008,(11)

在分析国内外水稻秧盘育秧播种流水线特点的基础上,针对播种器容易伤芽、没有除杂环节、整机操作劳动强度大等不足之处,研制了2CYL-450型水稻秧盘育秧播种流水线;介绍了该流水线的组成、工作原理、主要技术参数及结构特点.设计的播种器由勺式槽轮将种子从种箱中播出,落于筛分板上,经振动筛分、除杂后进入到与其安装为一体的V形槽板上,沿V形槽板有序排队,最后经出口播出.设计的双层秧盘供送装置,通过光电传感器与供送装置实现了依次定位输送秧盘.整个流水线结构简单、操作简便、播种精度好、生产效率高.  相似文献