权重约束AdaBoost鱼眼识别及改进Hough圆变换瞳孔智能测量     

胡祝华  张逸然  赵瑶池  曹路  白勇  黄梦醒 《农业工程学报》2017,33(23):226-232

针对传统鱼眼瞳孔直径测量方法耗时、耗力,且数据主观性强的问题,该文提出基于权重约束AdaBoost和改进Hough圆变换的鱼眼瞳孔直径智能测量方法。首先,利用工业相机采集实验板上的鱼图像,从正负鱼眼图像样本中训练出基于权重约束AdaBoost算法的鱼眼分类器;然后,采用该分类器对试验图像进行检测,将检测到的鱼眼局部图从整体图中分离出来;最后,采用改进的Hough圆变换检测出鱼眼的瞳孔,并计算得到瞳孔直径。对100条金鲳鱼进行试验,鱼眼分类精度达97.1%,瞳孔正确检测率达94.2%,相比改进前分别提升了1.7个百分点和10.5个百分点,与人工测量瞳孔直径值的平均偏差为6.5%,比改进前低了5.9个百分点,总的平均测量时间为324.371 ms,比改进前减少了10.707 ms。试验证明:该文提出的方法能够精确、实时、自动地测量出鱼眼瞳孔的直径,有效避免了传统测量方式的复杂性和测量数据的主观性,可为鱼体生长状况评估、良种选育提供重要参考。  相似文献   

自然水体中超声波标记鱼游动轨迹精密确定算法     

侯轶群  邹璇  姜伟  陈亮  朱佳志 《农业工程学报》2019,35(3):182-188

针对鱼类关键生境位置确定的应用需求,该文提出了一套适用于自然水体的超声波标记鱼定位算法,解决了标记鱼定位以及存在粗差观测值,即水听器记录的超声波信号接收时间存在错误情况下算法的抗干扰性。宜昌黄柏河的实测结果表明,基于现有1 ms级精度的水听器,可在自然水体中获得2.15 m精度的信号标记鱼三维游动轨迹。如因气泡、遮挡等因素对水听器观测数据引入粗差,当粗差量级在10 m以上,该方法可接近100%探测出是否存在粗差。当粗差观测值在3个以内时,该方法的探测成功率可达84.3%以上,3个以上时粗差探测成功率明显下降,5个及以上,即粗差观测值个数占观测值总数的比例大于31.25%时,基本只能探测出观测数据中存在粗差而无法有效确定粗差。该研究可为渔业增殖、鱼类栖息地保护、鱼类洄游通道等研究提供参考。  相似文献   

鱼粉品质检测电子鼻传感器阵列的多特征数据融合优化     

李培  牛智有  谭鹤群  张伟健  皇甫季璇 《农业工程学报》2019,35(12):313-320

为了提高基于仿生嗅觉的鱼粉品质检测装置的鉴别能力,该文利用自主设计的仿生嗅觉鱼粉品质检测装置,提取鱼粉样本的响应特征信息,对其传感器阵列进行多特征数据融合优化。依据各传感器对样本的响应曲线,提取传感器特征值(10×6个)构成原始特征矩阵,后对传感器阵列特征值进行归一化处理,以紧凑性作为评价特征选择方法合理性的标准,采用了3种单特征排序方法(MIC、χ^2、F-test),3种多特征排序方法(RF、LR、SVM),4种特征递减消除方法(RFRFE、SVMRFE、DTRFE、LRRFE)对不同品质的鱼粉进行分类准确率检验,得到基于随机森林的特征递减消除算法(RFRFE)的紧凑性最好,此时最佳的分类准确率为98.3%,特征数目为33个。优化后的传感器阵列特征发生了明显的变化,传感器阵列由原来的10个变为了8个,去掉了传感器TGS2620和传感器TGS2600,特征值也减少了45%。为了避免选择偏差,采用了10折交叉验证方法,再次得到了RFRFE算法具有更佳的紧凑性。该特征选择方法为利用仿生嗅觉技术鉴别其他动物源性原料样本的特征优化提供了新的方法和参考。  相似文献   

Tracking change in a human‐dominated landscape: developing conservation guidelines using freshwater fish     

Michael P. Carey  Martha E. Mather 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2008,18(6):877-890

• 1. To conserve biodiversity in a human‐dominated landscape, a science‐based inventory and monitoring plan is needed that quantifies existing resources, isolates drivers that maintain natural communities, determines harmful stressors, and links ecological drivers and human stressors. A tactical approach is proposed for conservation planning using freshwater fish at the Cape Cod National Seashore.
• 2. Freshwater fish are well studied and occur across environmental gradients. The lentic systems at the national park are relatively pristine yet are enveloped by a region of high population density. Using fish community data, three steps were taken for tracking anthropogenic impacts in a human dominated landscape. First, fish and potential drivers were sampled intensively along a gradient to determine which fish metrics reflect natural communities and which abiotic and biotic factors structure them. Second, emerging and existing regional human threats were identified. Third, these human threats were linked to the potential drivers that maintain natural communities to identify the most informative metrics to monitor and track change.
• 3. Fish communities, water quality, habitat, and food resources were sampled concurrently in 18 ponds in 1999 and 2000. Three common fish species explained 98% of variation in numbers across systems. Based on ecological relationships, pH, depth, vegetation, prey, and community complexity were determined to maintain biodiversity of freshwater fish communities.
• 4. The primary human threats here included: development‐related, land‐use changes; non‐point source pollution; eutrophication from septic systems; and introduced species that are a byproduct of high human visitation. These are common threats in many rapidly urbanized areas and are likely to have relevance to many sites.
• 5. To track the impact of emerging threats to freshwater ponds related to increased human population, monitoring changes in water quality, vegetated habitat, fish diversity, and trophic interactions are recommended.

Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Apparent digestibility coefficient of protein and amino acids of acid, biological and enzymatic silage for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)     

R. BORGHESI  L. PORTZ  M. OETTERER  & J.E.P. CYRINO 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2008,14(3):242-248

Using the fish silage to partially replace proteic feedstuff in aquafeeds is an alternative to mitigate sanitary and environmental problems caused by the lack of adequate destination for fisheries residues. It would also lower feed costs, consequently improving fish culture profitability. However, using fish silages in aquafeeds depends on determination of its apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC). This work aimed to determining the ADC of crude protein and amino acids of acid silage (AS), biological silage (BS) and enzymatic silage (ES) for juvenile Nile tilapia (94.5 ± 12.7 g). The ADC_CP was: 92.0%, 89.1% and 93.7% for AS, BS and SE respectively. The average ADC of amino acids was: 91.8%, 90.8% and 94.6% for AS, BS and ES respectively. Results encourage the use of AS, BS and ES to partially replace protein sources in balanced diets for neotropical fish.  相似文献   

Determination of apparent digestibility coefficient in fish by stable carbon isotopes     

A.C.B. OLIVEIRA  L.A. MARTINELLI  M.Z. MOREIRA  & J.E.P. CYRINO 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2008,14(1):10-13

Estimation of the apparent digestibility coefficient ADC(%) of C₃ and C₄ plants in experimental diets for fingerlings of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum, Cuvier, 1818) was calculated by applying chromic oxide (Cr₂O₃) external marker methodology and by a proposed mathematical expression based on the isotopic composition (δ¹³C). A total of 240 tambaqui fingerlings each weighing ±48.2 g and measuring ±9.8 cm were maintained in eight 500‐L aquariums specially designed for faeces collection. The ADC(%) of the C₃ and C₄ diets did not differ significantly between the two methods, producing results of 75.6%; 76.2% and 74.4%; 72.8%, respectively. The ADC(%) results obtained by isotopic method presented less variation than by chromic oxide. The proposed mathematical expression for calculating the ADC(%) based on δ¹³C values offers an alternative methodology, which can reduce errors and diminish the effort required to collect biological material. However, it is important to note that this method is limited to analysis of diets or food items with distinct isotopic signals.  相似文献   

Blood and haemoglobin meal as protein sources in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata): effects on growth, nutritive efficiency and fillet sensory differences     

Silvia Martínez-Llorens  Ana Tomás Vidal  rés Vicente Moñino  Jose Gómez Ader  Marcial Pla Torres  & Miguel Jover Cerdá 《Aquaculture Research》2008,39(10):1028-1037

Two parallel experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of partial substitution of fish meal by two different animal protein sources, blood meal (B) and haemoglobin meal (H) at 0, 50 and 100 g kg⁻¹ of level inclusion in diets for gilthead sea bream, considering a long feeding period for juveniles (Trial 1) and a short feeding period (Trial 2) for on-growing fish. In Trial 1, 33 g juveniles were fed for 242 days and the fish fed with 5% and 10% of haemoglobin dietary inclusion obtained less growth, although feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio and muscle composition were similar in all diets. In Trial 2, 179 g initial weight fish were fed for 164 days and growth of fish fed H10 showed the lowest growth, although nutrient efficiency and muscle composition were not affected significantly. The results of these experiments demonstrated that blood meal can substitute fish meal (up to 10%) with no effect on performance, but may lead to sensory differences compared with fish fed diet 0, while the inclusion of 5% blood meal had no effect on growth or sensory characteristics. Fish fed 10% haemoglobin inclusion had the poorest growth values.  相似文献   

A preliminary study on the utilization of hazelnut meal as a substitute for fish meal in diets of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.)     

Y&#;lmaz Emre  Hüseyin Sevgili  & Murat &#;anl&#; 《Aquaculture Research》2008,39(3):324-328

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Salinity tolerance in young Allis shad larvae (Alosa alosa L.)     

A. Bardonnet  Ph. Jatteau 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2008,17(1):193-197

Abstract –  Estuarine migration in Allis shad ( Alosa alosa ) usually does not take place before mid-summer, but exposure to salinity in brackish water may occur earlier as many spawning areas are of necessity located in upper estuarine zones due to the placement of dams. Therefore, Allis shad conservation programmes need to consider the risk of mortality due to the ability of young Allis shad to tolerate salinity. To evaluate larval mortality due to the inability of larvae to withstand salinity during early ontogeny, we exposed larvae of different ages (from few days old to 27 days old) to salinities ranging from 0 to 30 g·l⁻¹. Results indicate that direct seawater exposure induces high mortality in young larvae whatever the ontogenetic stage. However, young larvae can easily deal with upper estuary salinity conditions.  相似文献   

Allometric and ontogenetic patterns related to feeding of a neotropical fish, Satanoperca pappaterra (Perciformes, Cichlidae)     

F. A. S. Cassemiro  T. F. L. V. B. Rangel  F. M. Pelicice  N. S. Hahn 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2008,17(1):155-164

Abstract –  This study aims to analyse whether Satanoperca pappaterra changes its feeding habit throughout ontogenetic development, and whether morphological ontogenetic patterns are related to its feeding habit and food capture. We collected 258 individuals in the Cuiabá river basin (Brazil) for analyses. There was a weak relationship between diet and body size, as evidenced by size class and multivariate analyses, and niche breadth did not vary strongly during ontogenetic development. Eight morphometric variables were measured in each individual. We found an isometric relationship for mouth height and width, and for head length. We found positive allometry for snout length and body height in relation to body length, whereas this relationship for intestine length and eye diameter showed negative allometry. These results suggest that morphology and consequently diet vary weakly during ontogenetic development of S. pappaterra .  相似文献