害虫种群动态的频谱分析预测     

史洪中  胡巅  马骁勇 《信阳农业高等专科学校学报》1994,(Z1)

自然界中各种复杂的振动都可以看成由许多简谐振动叠加而成。农业害虫发生数量的时间序列的变化,可以认为是由许多不同频率、不同振幅的谐成分合成的。根据这一基本原理,用信阳市32年二化螟越冬代蛾量的历史资料,用频谱分析法建立预测方程,并对1992年二化螟越冬代蛾量进行预测,其结果与实际相符。  相似文献   

赣北二化螟卵寄生蜂寄生率动态及其对景观结构的响应          下载免费PDF全文

朱玉麟  陈俊晖  黄孝龙  肖海军 《中国生物防治学报》2021,37(5):870-876

为探索南方稻区二化螟卵寄生蜂生防功能、评估卵寄生蜂在田间寄生动态并探讨对不同景观结构的响应,本文采用对比盆栽稻株叶片载卵、离体新鲜稻叶载卵和滤纸卵卡比对二化螟卵寄生蜂寄生率差异;利用盆栽稻株叶片载卵调查卵寄生蜂在稻田中的寄生率季节动态变化;在5月初、7月初和9月初分别调查了在不同景观样点二化螟卵寄生蜂寄生率,对不同空间尺度下（0.2,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0 km）景观变量与卵寄生率进行模型分析,评估不同景观变量对卵寄生率的影响。结果表明,三种诱集方法差异显著,盆栽稻株叶片载二化螟卵被寄生的比率最高,其次为离体新鲜稻叶,滤纸卵卡效果最差。田间寄生动态调查表明,早稻卵被寄生比率偏低,中稻寄生率较高,在7月中旬二化螟卵被寄生率达到高峰（66.7%）,8月下旬以后,晚稻寄生率逐步下降。对不同空间尺度下景观结构变量与卵寄生率分析表明,1.5 km尺度下的林地与二化螟卵寄生蜂有着密切关系。低于40%林地面积比例时,二化螟卵寄生蜂寄生率随林地面积增加而降低;而在高于40%林地面积比例时,二化螟卵寄生率随林地面积增加而增加。综上所述,对于中国南方的小规模稻田景观,林地比例与二化螟卵寄生率有关,但相关效应并非单一地增加或减少的线性响应。研究结果可为南方稻区二化螟卵寄生蜂提供简便、有效的评估方法,并为综合利用二化螟卵寄生蜂控害功能,发展二化螟生防策略提供参考依据。  相似文献   

氯虫•噻虫嗪不同剂型对水稻二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟的防治效果及施用技术     

唐涛  刘雪源  刘都才  苏彪  魏昌贵  应志龙 《植物保护》2009,35(5):148-151

2007-2008年,应用氯虫•噻虫嗪不同剂型防治水稻二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟的田间试验结果表明：0.6%氯虫•噻虫嗪颗粒剂对二化螟的效果较好,但难以控制稻纵卷叶螟危害;40%氯虫•噻虫嗪水分散粒剂可有效防控以上2种虫害且持效期长达30 d。同一时期同等剂量下,各施用1次0.6%氯虫•噻虫嗪颗粒剂、40%氯虫•噻虫嗪水分散粒剂,前者撒施处理对其药效均显著低于后者茎叶喷雾处理。  相似文献   

Damage assessment for selection of resistance to the spotted stalk borer and genetic correlations for resistance and yield components in sugarcane   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

S. Nibouche    R. Tibère 《Plant Breeding》2008,127(1):38-42

We conducted an assessment of the stalk damage of the spotted borer, Chilo sacchariphagus (Bojer), on 65 cultivars and elite clones under natural infestation conditions in Réunion Island, with the objectives (i) of comparing seven damage measures on the basis of their quantitative genetic parameters and (ii) of studying the relationships between borer resistance and sugarcane yield components. The heritabilities of the damage measures related to counts of borer exit holes were low, whereas the heritabilities of the damage measures related to bored stalks or internodes were high and similar amongst them. The percentage of bored stalks exhibited high phenotypic and genotypic correlations with the other damage measures, and appeared as the best cost effective damage measure. Genetic correlations revealed a negative relationship between resistance to borer and cane yield, due to a relationship of stalk damage with stalk length and (in a lesser extent) with stalk number. No significant genetic relationship between resistance and sugar content parameters was observed.  相似文献   

Effect of adult nutrition and insect density on the performance of spotted stem borer, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Chilo partellus</Emphasis> in laboratory cultures     

N. S. Hari  Jawala Jindal  N. S. Malhi  J. K. Khosa 《Journal of pest science》2008,81(1):23-27

The spotted stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is being successfully reared on artificial diets for screening programmes. Besides quality characteristics of the diet, rearing density and adult nutrition have significant implications on the successful mass multiplication of lepidopterans. The performance of C. partellus moths was assessed on different adult diets (water and sugar solution) and compared with unfed adults. Further, three pairing densities, viz. 2, 5 and 8 pairs/oviposition jar (1177.5 cm³) were compared for their effect on C. partellus longevity and fecundity. In another experiment, different larval densities (100, 150 and 200 neonate larvae/diet jar) were evaluated for their effect on the larval survival. Water-fed moths (both males and females) lived longer (7.32 and 7.26 days, respectively) and showed higher fecundity (307.17 eggs) than the sugar-fed or unfed moths. The latter, however, showed better egg hatchability (76.55%) than the water- or sugar-fed moths (60.45 and 50.59%, respectively). The longevity (5.67 days) and fecundity (258.46 eggs) were significantly greater at pairing density of 2 pairs/jar. The larval survival was higher (58.50%) at rearing density of 100 larvae/jar. The neonate larval release into diet jars was compared with conventional egg release and both modes were no different with respect to larval survival.  相似文献   

苏丹草和香根草作为诱虫植物对稻田二化螟种群的抑制作用评估   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

郑许松  徐红星  陈桂华  吴降星  吕仲贤 《中国生物防治》2009,25(4):299-303

室内测试了苏丹草和香根草对二化螟的产卵选择性和幼虫存活的影响,在田间进行了苏丹草和香根草控害效果的初步试验。结果表明,二化螟雌成虫对苏丹草和香根草均表现出较强的产卵选择性,产在苏丹草和香根草上的卵量分别是产在水稻上的3.02和4.56倍。两种诱虫植物均对二化螟幼虫具致死作用,二化螟幼虫在两种寄主上不能完成生活史。田间试验表明两种诱虫植物围绕的水稻小区内二化螟枯心率显著低于试验区外20m的对照小区。  相似文献   

水稻植株在二化螟为害后的生理变化     

徐红星  吕仲贤  蒋学辉  俞晓平  陈建明  郑许松 《中国水稻科学》2007,21(3):316-318

研究了不同类型水稻品种在二化螟为害后植株体内的一些生理变化,包括叶绿素含量、根系活力和钾元素吸收能力。不同水稻品种在主茎受二化螟为害形成枯心后,分蘖的叶绿素含量均降低,但与健康植株相比无显著差异。常规杂交稻汕优63和超级杂交稻两优培九在主茎枯心过程中根系活力显著增强,而粳稻秀水11枯心后根系活力反而显著下降。采用86Rb标记示踪原子法研究了在二化螟为害后水稻根系对土壤中钾的吸收能力的变化,发现秀水11主茎枯心24 h和48 h后分蘖中铷的含量比健康植株分别降低了5.23%和47.5%,说明对钾的吸收能力下降,而汕优63和两优培九分蘖中铷的含量分别比健康植株增加了2.91%和14.36%、21.3%和15.9%,即对钾的吸收能力提高。  相似文献   

拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂对二化螟的生物活性研究     

陶岭梅  刘学  顾宝根  沈晋良  王晓军  宋玉泉 《中国农学通报》2006,22(11):291-291

通过室内试验,研究了10种菊酯类农药对水稻二化螟幼虫的生物活性,以及高效氯氟氰菊酯5种剂型对二化螟幼虫的生物活性差异。结果表明：高效氟氯氰菊酯、高效氯氟氰菊酯、S-氰戊菊酯、溴氰菊酯、甲氰菊酯、顺式氯氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、乙氰菊酯、醚菊酯、氟硅菊酯对水稻二化螟幼虫均有较高的活性,LD50（μg /头）分别为0.0017,0.0039,0.0043,0.0070,0.0071,0.0116,0.0119,0.714,0.1779,0.3858,其活性分别是对照药剂三唑磷的0.3-141.59倍,是甲胺磷的2.07- 469.06倍。高效氯氟氰菊酯5剂型对二化螟3龄幼虫的生物活性略有差异,LC50(mg/L)值分别为：0.0945（EW）,0.1089（EC）,0.1174(ME),0.1232(SC),0.1591(WP)。  相似文献   

A New and Simple Method for Collecting Eggs of the Striped Stemborer,Chilo suppressalis     

SHENJun-hui LIUGuang-jie 《水稻科学》2004,11(4):219-221

The method for collecting eggs of the striped stem borer, Chilo suppressalis using plastic bags was studied in comparison with using caged rice plants. There was no significant difference in fecundity of C. suppressalis at 279 eggs/moth and in percentage of hatched eggs at 95% between in plastic bags and on rice plants. More egg masses were collected on plastic bags than on rice plants, whereas more smaller egg masses (less than 100 eggs per mass) in plastic bags than on rice plants. The advantages in collecting eggs of C. suppressalis and other insects by using plastic bags were also discussed.  相似文献   

温度和湿度对二化螟存活率与繁殖力影响的回归模型   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

叶艺林  王红秀 《江西农业学报》2007,19(11):31-32

在室内恒温、恒湿条件下系统观察了不同温湿度对二化螟存活率与繁殖力的影响。结果表明:温度和湿度对二化螟各虫态的存活率和成虫的繁殖力有显著的影响,生长发育最适宜的温度为28℃,相对湿度为85%~90%。二化螟各虫态存活率和成虫繁殖力与温度、湿度均呈二次抛物线关系。分别建立了二化螟各虫态的存活率和成虫的繁殖力的回归预测模型。  相似文献