秋水仙素和胺磺灵除草剂诱导小型西瓜四倍体研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵胜杰  刘文革  阎志红  何楠  刘鹏 《长江蔬菜》2010,(8):12-13

用0.2%秋水仙素水溶液和不同浓度胺磺灵除草剂滴苗处理诱导小型西瓜四倍体。结果表明,用秋水仙素处理,诱变频率基因型间差异较大,高的可以达到26.3%,低的仅有1.4%。胺磺灵诱导小型西瓜四倍体有一定的效果,但整体诱导频率不高。  相似文献   

Morphological and cytological studies of diploid and colchicine-induced tetraploid lines of crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia indica L.)     

Y.M. Ye  J. TongX.P. Shi  W. YuanG.R. Li 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010

The tips of cotyledon-stage seedlings of three crape myrtle cultivars (“Zi Wei”, “Hong Wei” and “Yin Wei”) were treated with colchicine. Various concentrations of colchicine and different treatment durations were tested. Seedlings of “Zi Wei” treated with 0.5% colchicine for 72 h and seedlings of “Yin Wei” treated with colchicine (0.2% for 96 h, 0.5% for 48 h and 0.8% for 72 h) demonstrated high rates of mutation; “Hong Wei” showed a slightly lower rate. The highest rate of morphological variation was 54.17% and this was achieved when tips were treated with 0.5% colchicine for 72 h. Putative tetraploid plants were identified with morphological and cytological variations, such as larger and thicker leaves, darker green coloration, larger stomata, lower density of stomata across the lower leaf epidermis and increased numbers of chloroplasts per stomata guard cell. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that the nuclear DNA content of 15 of these putative tetraploids (of which 7 were “Zi Wei”, 5 were “Yin Wei”, and 3 were “Hong Wei”) was indeed doubled relative to that of control diploid plants. The chromosome number of the tetraploid plants was 2n = 4x = 96, while that of the control diploid plants was 2n = 2x = 48. Ornamental characteristics were also enhanced in the tetraploid plants, with increased diameter of the individual flowers and greater basal length of the petals and claws. Pollen diameter and the size of capsules and seeds were also significantly greater than those of diploid plants.  相似文献   

秋水仙素诱导香樟多倍体的研究     

邓文  端木卜文  吴沐秀  余佳  韩浩章 《安徽农学通报》2015,(9)

以萌发的香樟种子为试材,采用种子浸渍法,研究了不同浓度秋水仙素、不同处理时间对香樟多倍体诱导的影响。结果表明:0.1%~0.2%的秋水仙素水溶液浸泡处理种子36~48h,其多倍体的诱导率最高,死亡率相对较低。秋水仙素浓度越高,处理时间越长,香樟幼苗死亡率越高,试验共获得香樟多倍体植株67株。  相似文献   

三叶木通体细胞秋水仙素诱变苗期表型变异研究     

熊大胜  雷红梅 《经济林研究》1994,12(1):58-62

采用正交设计，对三叶木通体细胞秋水仙素诱变，子叶平展期和苗期表现出非常明显的两种表型变异，且成苗率低。影响三叶木通大子叶表型变异出现频率的因素主要有３个：秋水仙素浓度（Ａ）、处理时间（Ｂ）和诱变材料（ｃ），且Ａ＞Ｂ＞Ｃ。影响矮缩茎表型变异出现频率的主要因素是诱变材料（Ｃ）。成苗率主要受诱变材料和诱变时间的影响。以４００～８００ｐｐｍ浓度秋水仙素诱变根尖，成活率和大子叶、矮缩茎表型变异出现频牵均较理想  相似文献   

秋水仙素处理对益母草种子生理生化的影响     

徐丽珊  黄帼 《种子》2003,(1):21-22

研究了秋水仙素处理对益母草种子生物生化变化的影响。方法：以益母草种子为材料，观察了不同程度秋水仙素处理后，酯酶同工酶、过氧化物酶同工酶、发芽、生长情况等的变化。结果：与对照相比，发现各种程度秋水仙素处理的益母草种子，过氧化物酶同工酶带无明显变化；用0．05％－0．5％浓度秋水仙素分别处理益母草种子，酯酶同工酶谱带有增多的现象；并且用不同浓度秋水仙素处理12h后，发现用0．2％浓度处理的种子生长较好。结论：说明一定程度秋水仙素处理就改变益母草种子中酶数量；用0．2％浓度的秋水仙素处理最有利于提高益母草的产量。  相似文献   

秋水仙素诱变薄皮甜瓜同源四倍体研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

付金娥  覃斯华  李天艳  黄金艳  李文信  何毅  洪日新 《中国瓜菜》2008,21(2):11-15

为了获得四倍体薄皮甜瓜材料,研究薄皮甜瓜多倍体的特征特性,以二倍体薄皮甜瓜金美为材料,以0.2%、0.4%、0.6%的秋水仙素采用滴苗和浸种2种方法进行诱变四倍体试验,并通过染色体观察和细胞学鉴定对其进行倍性分析。结果表明,滴苗法比浸种法诱变率高,其中以0.4%秋水仙素滴苗诱变率最高,为6.67%;与二倍体相比,四倍体植株子叶和真叶长宽比变小,茎增粗,节间变短,花冠变大,果肉变厚,种子增宽,可育性降低,中心可溶性固形物含量增高;保卫细胞变大,气孔密度变小,保卫细胞内叶绿体数目增加;获得了同源四倍体材料。  相似文献   

秋水仙素诱导草木樨的研究     

曲善民  郑殿峰  冯乃杰  杨智明  郑丹  王勇 《农业科学与技术》2010,(5)

[目的]鉴定秋水仙素诱导后的草木樨的倍性.[方法]以草木樨萌动种子为试材,秋水仙素溶液为处理试剂,进行了秋水仙素诱导草木樨的研究.[结果]用0.2%浓度的秋水仙素溶液处理草木樨能使草木樨诱导加倍,草木樨植株表现出多倍体具有的相应特征,整体显示出巨大性.[结论]草木樨为加倍成功的多倍体. Abstract： [Objective] The aim was to identify the ploidy of sweet clover induced by colchicine.[Method]The sweet clover germinating seeds and colchicine solution were used for materials to research colchicine-induced Melilotus. [Result] The results showed that the concentration of O.2% colchicine solution could induced double sweet clover which showed corresponding features of polyploidy plants as a whole showed great features. [Conclusion] Sweet clover induced by colchicine was polyploidy.  相似文献   

Effect of Basudin, Selecron and the phytoalkaloid Colchicine (pesticides) on biological and molecular parameters of Biomphalaria alexandrina snails     

Ahmed M. MohamedMohamed A. El-Emam  Gamalat Y. OsmanHoda Abdel-Hamid  Rasha E.M. Ali 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2012,102(1):68-78

The results showed that survival rates of Biomphalaria alexandrina snails, reproductive potential and hatchability of eggs were evaluated post exposure to Basudin, Selecron and Colchicine. As well, DNA and RNA changes in the cells of ovotestis-digestive gland complex of treated snails were estimated. The current molluscicide Bayluscide was used as a reference compound.The pesticide Selecron proved to be more toxic to B. alexandrina snails than Basudin and Colchicine. Juvenile snails were dead post 3 weeks of exposure to the sublethal concentration LC₀ of either Selecron or Basudin, while 26.75% of snails still alive at Bayluscide treatment. In addition, exposure of adult snails to LC₀ of Selecron for 24 h/week for 4 weeks markedly reduced their reproductive rate (R₀) by 89.9%. Moreover, snails’ eggs failed to hatch post 24 h of exposure to LC₉₀ of either Selecron, Basudin or Bayluscide. Electrophoretic analysis indicated a decrease in the molecular weight of intact DNA in the ovotestis-digestive gland complex of snails treated with 250 ppm of Colchicine and LC₂₅ of Selecron, as it scored 1.2 and 76 bp, respectively, compared to 166.46 bp for control group, while the vice versa was recorded for RNA intensity. It was concluded that the tested pesticides have deleterious effects on snails’ reproductive rate, their eggs and the intensities of DNA and RNA in their ovotestis-digestive gland complex. Therefore, it is expected that reaching of such pesticides to snails’ habitats in water courses during plant pests control could minimize the population density of the snails intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis, hence probably interrupt and reduce the transmission of this parasite.  相似文献   

小孢子培养技术在青花菜上的应用   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

张延国  王晓武 《中国蔬菜》2005,1(6):7-8

对11份青花菜材料进行小孢子培养的研究,成功获得了胚状体并诱导形成植株,其中绿秀出胚率高达每蕾25.28个胚,利用1%秋水仙素溶液处理再生植株进行染色体加倍,加倍率达24%。  相似文献   

In vitro induction of the amphiploid in interspecific hybrid of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum × Vaccinium ashei) with colchicine treatment     

Chieko Miyashita  Shunji Ishikawa  Masahiro Mii 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009,122(3):375-379

Amphiploids were produced from pentaploid hybrids between Vaccinium corymbosum (4x) and Vaccinium ashei (6x) by colchicine treatment. Seeds of each parental species and those obtained by the interspecific crossing were treated with colchicine at 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/l for 7 days, and the ploidy level of the seedlings was determined with flow cytometry. Either amphiploid (10x) or ploidy chimera (5x + 10x) was obtained from interspecific hybrid seeds treated with all colchicine concentrations, while no chromosome-doubled plants were obtained from both parents. Cross direction in interspecific hybridization affected the results of colchicine treatment and amphiploids were obtained only when V. corymbosum was used as the seed parent. In this cross, 17–25% of the seedlings turned to be amphidiploids or ploidy chimeras by treating with 500 mg/l colchicines for 7 days. These results indicate that susceptibility to colchicine may increase in the interspecific hybrid compared with the parental species but only when V. corymbosum was used as female parent.  相似文献