Preliminary data on the effect of osseous anatomy on ex vivo joint mobility in the equine thoracolumbar region          下载免费PDF全文

K. E. Jones 《Equine veterinary journal》2016,48(4):502-508

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The influence of polyphenol rich apple pomace or red-wine pomace diet on the gut morphology in weaning piglets     

Sehm J  Lindermayer H  Dummer C  Treutter D  Pfaffl MW 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2007,91(7-8):289-296

Alternative food ingredients, e.g. secondary plant compounds, are discussed to have beneficial effects and improve gut health. In this study, the effect of three different diets - normal piglets starter without additives, with apple pomace or with red-wine pomace - on the intestinal morphology was investigated from 3 days prior to weaning to 4 weeks post-weaning. At five time points, six piglets from each treatment group were slaughtered; at first time point only six animals from control group were slaughtered. Villus height, crypt depth and breadth of villi and crypts were determined in the jejunum, ileum and colon in 78 piglets. Additionally, the area of the Peyer's patches in the ileum was measured. In jejunum (p < 0.01) and ileum (p < 0.001) the villus length in the control group decreased after weaning but increased over the entire feeding experiment (p < 0.001). In the two-pomace groups, no decrease was measured after weaning. In jejunum, an increase in villi breadth occurred, 73% in the control group and approximately 10% in both treatment groups. A 35% increase was found in the ileum in all groups. Peyer's patches area increased approximately 21% in the control group over 26 days of treatment, whereas in other groups no significant differences were found. Different polyphenol rich pomaces have diverse effects in the gastrointestinal tract. Red-wine pomace has an inhibitory effect on the jejunum villi growth, whereas apple and red-wine pomace have stimulating effect on crypt size in piglet colon. Apple and red-wine pomace can reduce the GALT activation via the Peyer's patches in the ileum. In conclusion, the flavanoids rich feeding regimen showed positive effects on villi morphology, GALT activation and can improve pig health.  相似文献   

水分胁迫对紫花苜蓿根系吸水与光合特性的影响   总被引：20，自引：5，他引：15  

李文娆  张岁岐  山仑 《草地学报》2007,15(3):206-211

变水条件下(利用PEG-6000模拟水分胁迫48 h,ψs=0.2MPa,之后复水48 h),测定紫花苜蓿(Medicago sattva L,品种阿尔冈金和陇东苜蓿)幼苗根系水力学导度与光合参数变化规律,旨在研究变水条件下紫花苜蓿光合作用的响应机制、植株水分吸收能力的变化规律及地上与地下部可能的相关关系.结果表明:干旱胁迫使得紫花苜蓿根系水力学导度(Lpr)受到显著影响.随着水分胁迫时间的延长,根系吸水能力呈现快速--缓慢下降趋势,即根系水力学导度逐渐下降,气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、净光合速率(Pn)和叶片水势亦随之而显著降低,胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)先随之降低但最终上升而累积.复水后,根系水导呈现缓慢--慢速的恢复趋势,Pn、Gs、Tr、叶片水势随着根系水导速率的增加而逐渐恢复;Ci则随复水时间的延长而逐渐下降.但各参数除Ci外,均没有恢复到胁迫前水平.紫花苜蓿根系水导与光合参数在复水后的恢复程度说明,紫花苜蓿对干旱逆境的抵御与适应能力相对较弱,但陇东苜蓿对水分胁迫的忍耐能力强于阿尔冈金.  相似文献   

灌木抗旱机理研究   总被引：9，自引：5，他引：4  

邵麟惠  于应文  张德罡 《草业科学》2007,24(3):22-27

从灌木生长性状、形态结构、细胞质膜透性、光合、渗透调节(可溶性糖、脯氨酸、甜菜碱和无机离子)、ABA和LEA蛋白变化及其与灌木抗旱性的关系方面,综述了灌木抗旱机理研究.  相似文献   

Unraveling the morphological patterns of a subantarctic eelpout: a geometric morphometric approach     

Fernanda S. ORREGO  Mathias HÜNE  Hugo A. BENÍTEZ  Mauricio F. LANDAETA 《Integrative zoology》2023,18(2):372-384

Phenotypic variation in organisms depends on the genotype and the environmental constraints of the habitat that they exploit. Therefore, for marine species inhabiting contrasting aquatic conditions, it is expected to find covariation between the shape and its spatial distribution. We studied the morphology of the head and cephalic sensory canals of the eelpout Austrolycus depressiceps (4.5–22.5 cm TL) across its latitudinal distribution in South Pacific (45°S–55°S). Geometric morphometric analyses show that the shape varied from individuals with larger snout and an extended suborbital canal to individuals with shorter snouts and frontally compressed suborbital canal. There was size variation across the sampled populations, but that size does not have a clear latitudinal gradient. Only 8% of the shape variation relates to this size variation (allometry), represented by a decrease in the relative size of the eye, and a depression of the posterior margin of the head. There were spatial differences in the shape of the head, but these differences were probably caused by allometric effects. Additionally, 2 of the canals of the cephalic lateralis pores and the head shape showed modularity in its development. This study shows that the morphology of marine fish with a shallow distribution varies across distances of hundreds of kilometers (i.e., phenotypic modulation).  相似文献   

Living on the edge: morphological and behavioral adaptations to a marginal high-elevation habitat in an arboreal mammal     

Claudia TRANQUILLO  Lucas Armand WAUTERS  Francesca SANTICCHIA  Damiano PREATONI  Adriano MARTINOLI 《Integrative zoology》2023,18(4):746-761

Habitats are characterized by different local environmental conditions that influence both behavior and morphology of species, which can result in habitat-dependent phenotypic differences among animals living in heterogeneous environments. We studied 3 alpine populations of Eurasian red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris), 1 living in a marginal high-elevation habitat at the edge of the species’ altitudinal distribution, and 2 occurring in higher-quality habitats. Here, we investigated whether squirrels living in the marginal area differed in 2 morphological parameters (body size and body mass) and/or in the expression of 4 personality traits estimated with an open field test and a mirror image stimulation test (activity, exploration, activity-exploration, and social tendency). Furthermore, we tested whether within-individual variance of the traits (behavioral plasticity) was higher in the edge habitat. Male squirrels in the edge habitat were smaller and weighed less than in the other study areas, while among females, size–habitat relationships were less marked. These sex-specific patterns were explained by a strong association between body mass and reproductive success in female squirrels. Squirrels in the marginal habitat were more active, explorative, and had a more social personality than in the other habitats. However, in contrast to our predictions, behavioral plasticity was smaller in the marginal habitat, but only for the trait exploration. Our results suggest that animals choose the habitat that best fits their personality, and that habitat-related differences in selective pressures may shape animals’ morphology.  相似文献   

退化高寒草甸斑块根—土复合体特征研究     

杜晨璐  乔一诺  赵理荣  陈瀚文  曹孟阳  刘玉 《草地学报》2023,31(1):202-209

高寒草甸斑块的根-土复合体对局部水土流失过程具有调控作用,为研究其特征及抗侵蚀效应,本研究选取三江源区达日县境内典型中度退化草甸的植被斑块为研究对象,调查草甸斑块中心与边缘植物群落特征,测定斑块边缘0～10 cm土层和斑块中心0～20 cm土层的容重、含水率、毛管孔隙度等土壤物理性质,并开展单根拉伸和根-土复合体直剪试验。结果表明：受优势种矮嵩草的分布影响,地上生物量主要分布在斑块中心,根系主要分布在0～10 cm土层;斑块中心区域土壤抗剪强度、内摩擦角和粘聚力均随土层深度的增加而减小;斑块边缘区域土壤粘聚力,抗剪强度明显高于斑块中心区域,草甸斑块植物根系是土壤抗剪强度的主要影响因素。草甸斑块根-土复合体能明显增加退化草甸土壤的抗侵蚀能力,研究结果可为深入研究高寒草甸根系固土功能及水土流失调控提供科学依据。  相似文献   

穿龙薯蓣根的诱导和快繁及薯蓣皂苷元含量的测定     

蒋玉宝张素梅  于元杰 《华北农学报》2007,22(B08):189-192

以穿龙薯蓣的丛生芽为材料,对根的诱导及快速繁殖进行了研究,并利用反相高效液相色谱技术对根中薯蓣皂苷元含量进行了测定,结果如下：不添加任何激素的1/2MS培养基是诱导生根的最佳培养基,生根率最高达76.7%;MS＋0.2 mg/L NAA＋0.5 mg/L IBA＋0.2-0.5 mg/L PP333为根增殖的最佳培养基,60 d时增殖倍数超过93;快繁过程中根的生长形态发生变化,不同类型的根中薯蓣皂苷元含量差异不显著,平均为0.21%  相似文献   

GA3和PP333对萝卜生长及产量的影响     

应冬勤  陈旦蕊  苏士法  郑春明 《中国农学通报》2007,23(6):363-363

通过研究不同浓度的GA3和PP333及两激素不同浓度的互作对萝卜叶面积、叶重量、叶子叶绿素含量及根冠比的影响。结果表明，两者对叶子叶绿素含量没明显影响，但GA3在促进叶子的生长，叶面积的增大上以10~30ppm效果最好，而PP333虽然能抑制叶子的生长，但在肉质根生长中后期试用50ppm浓度的PP333，抑制了叶子的生长，反而促进了光合产物输送到肉质根，起到增产的作用。适当浓度的GA3和PP333及两者结合增产效果明显  相似文献   

基于虚拟仪器的农产品"身份证"数字识别系统   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

钱稷  钱东平  周娟 《农机化研究》2007,(12):160-162

介绍了基于虚拟仪器图形化语言LABVIEW开发的农产品"身份证"数字识别系统,采用CCD摄像机对农产品"身份证"编号进行采集,通过PCI-1411彩色图像采集卡将图像传输到计算机并进行图像处理,最后应用美国NI公司的OCR软件包对处理好的编号进行识别.结果表明,该系统抗干扰能力强且精度高.  相似文献