铰链密封式传动滚子链的道路试验研究     

金昌  孟繁忠  黄梅 《农业机械学报》2003,34(3):112-114

通过30000km道路行驶试验研究表明，密封滚子链的磨损形式，对销轴和套筒而言是以疲劳磨损为主,伴随有粘着磨损与磨粒磨损；对链板和O形圈而言主要是疲劳磨损，并且O形圈的磨损要比链板的磨损严重得多。销轴和套筒表层磨损后产生了循环硬化特性，有利于提高其铰链副的耐磨性。  相似文献   

基于Matlab的根系断层图像分割处理算法     

周志艳  周学成  罗锡文  李庆 《农业机械学报》2006,37(12):118-121

根据植物根系原位形态可视化研究的需要,利用Matlab提供的图像处理算法,编制了根系断层图像分割处理算法的优选整合程序,用多种不同算法组合对根系CT原位图像进行实例检验,采用最终测量精度法作为评价准则,对分割效果进行分析研究。研究结果表明,在90%的置信水平下,处理模块的不同组合顺序以及每个模块中不同算法的选择对最终分割效果有显著的影响,各因素对分割效果总变异贡献率的大小排序为分割(46.1%)、灰度调整(17.9%)、分割前滤波(4.5%)、分割后滤波(2.6%)、执行序列(0.5%)。根据所设计的实验例证,提出了处理流程及算法中的较优组合。  相似文献   

秸秆揉切机用刀片磨损的研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

孟海波  韩鲁佳  刘向阳  阎巧娟  刘依 《农业机械学报》2003,34(5):61-64

对9RZ-60型揉切机用刀片进行了磨损试验,探讨了刀片材料、作业对象、装机位置和刃口形式对刀片磨损的影响,对65Mn、T10和Crl2MoV三种材料的刀片磨损表面形貌进行了微观分析,指出加工羊草时,刀片材料为主要影响因素,加工玉米秸和豆秸时,刃口形式为主要影响因素。刀片加工秸秆的磨损形式是以抛光磨损为主,辅之以硬杂质造成的磨料磨损。  相似文献   

Modelling carbon dynamics in mixed grass–red clover swards     

Bengt Torssell  Henrik Eckersten  Alois Kornher  Per Nyman  Ullalena Boström 《Agricultural Systems》2007

Growth and carbon dynamics in mixed grass–red clover leys were simulated using a growth model for pure stands based on radiation use, allocation within plant and loss of biomass. The model and its parameter values were taken from previous applications of the model to pure swards of grass and red clover grown in the same experiment at the same sites and years.  相似文献   

枸橼种质对柑橘溃疡病的抗性鉴定     

朱志媚  谭李梅  徐静  符红艳  胡哲  龚蕾  杨贵兵  王萍  马先锋  邓子牛 《中国果树》2021,(1):43-49,110,111

柑橘溃疡病(Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri,Xcc)是严重阻碍柑橘产业发展的世界性检疫病害,防控困难,选育抗病品种为防治溃疡病的唯一有效办法。枸橼C-05是柑橘属独特的抗溃疡病种质,为抗性机理和抗病育种提供了种质基础。为了进一步评价枸橼C-05的抗性,另外收集了13份枸橼种质,对其进行溃疡病的离体和活体抗性评价。叶片形态学观察表明,14份枸橼种质存在较大的形态学差异。采用离体与活体注射接种不同浓度的柑橘溃疡病菌,根据叶片的感病症状、病斑周围黄色晕圈大小等典型溃疡病症状,综合评价枸橼类种质的抗病性。结果表明:枸橼种质之间对溃疡病的抗性存在极大差异,溃疡病的抗性评价综合病情指数显示枸橼C-05、园香橼、矮果香橼、美国枸橼、普通枸橼和印度大果综合病情指数较小,表现为极抗病或抗病,其他枸橼种质表现不同程度的感病性;枸橼种质的抗病或感病性与其叶片形态特征无关。枸橼C-05和5个抗病枸橼种质对柑橘溃疡病具有针对性的抗性,这对进一步研究抗病机理和抗病育种具有重要意义。  相似文献   

云南楚雄黑井古镇景观空间形态解析     

王雯  魏开云 《安徽农业科学》2011,39(35):21877-21879

黑井古镇在其特有的自然环境和历史发展过程中,形成了独特的自然景观、建筑文化及精神文化。基于黑井古镇的历史沿革,分析了黑井古镇自然景观、总体格局、人工建筑的总体景观特征,同时揭示出黑井古镇＂千年盐都＂的历史地位。从黑井古镇的自然环境空间,人工建筑（包括街巷、建筑、节点）空间,精神文化空间3个方面,描述与剖析了古镇的空间形态以及给人的感受。这将对认识黑井古镇,研究明清时期商业重镇的建设及发展有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

Influence of P and K fertilization on Phytophthora root rot or excess soil water injury of alfalfa cultivars     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(2):229-243

Abstract

Phytophthora root rot (PRR) is an important disease of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in wet soils. Excess soil water (ESW) stress is required for the successful infection and development of PRR. The effects of P at 0, 40, and 80 μg.g^‐1 soil and K at 0, 120, and 240 μg.g^‐1 soil (in factorial combinations) on the severity of PRR or ESW stress was investigated on a PRR‐susceptible (Iroquois) and a resistant (Oneida) alfalfa cultivar in a greenhouse trial. P and K applications significantly increased the dry weight of tops prior to imposition of PRR or ESW stress. However, plants subjected to PRR or ESW stress did not respond significantly to P or K and there was no significant effect of P or K on the severity of PRR or ESW injury. The plants subjected to PRR or ESW stress had lower tissue P concentration than those under stress‐free conditions. Increasing P additions resulted in a significant increase in P concentration of Iroquois plants, while in Oneida the response was non‐significant. The response of K concentration in the plant to increasing K additions was dependant on P levels.  相似文献   

Interspecific differences in early life‐history traits in a species complex of stream‐resident galaxiids          下载免费PDF全文

Peter E. Jones  Gerard P. Closs 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2016,25(2):211-224

Fish differentially provision resources to eggs and larvae to optimise survival during the critical early life‐history period. Resource allocation is limited by a trade‐off between egg size and fecundity, and the optimal strategy varies with habitat type. This study examines the consequences of egg size differences for the early life‐histories of four closely related galaxiid species which occur in contrasting habitat types on the South Island, New Zealand. Headwater species had substantially larger water‐hardened eggs, longer incubation times, and newly hatched larvae were on average up to 41% longer than lower catchment species. Significant interspecific differences in gape diameter, eye diameter and myomere depth were also observed. Swimming ability was positively associated with larval length at hatch. Interspecific differences in length and swimming ability were generally maintained throughout the larval period, despite larvae being reared under relatively benign conditions where many other studies suggest initial differences should disappear. These results demonstrate the consequences of differential maternal provisioning to the egg for larval traits. The larger larvae of headwater species are likely to be more resistant to starvation and have improved foraging ability compared to lower catchment species; traits which are likely to confer them survival advantages in the low productivity, food‐scarce environments they occupy. The smaller larvae of lower catchment species are likely to be a consequence of females investing in fecundity in these relatively resource‐rich streams.  相似文献   

梯室淡毛三节叶蜂生物学特性初步研究     

陈天林  肖涵  徐海滨  尚健  宁吉文  肖克仁 《中国森林病虫》2012,31(3):21-22,40

梯室淡毛三节叶蜂Arge reversinervis Wei是危害刺榆Hemiptelea davidii的新害虫。对梯室淡毛三节叶蜂的卵、幼虫和蛹的形态特征进行描述,并首次对其生物学特性进行了研究。梯室淡毛三节叶蜂在海城1 a发生1代,以预蛹在土壤中越冬,翌年4月上旬化蛹,4月下旬成虫开始羽化,5月中旬卵开始孵化,6月上旬幼虫下树做茧越夏越冬。梯室淡毛三节叶蜂的天敌主要有显背臀姬蜂Notopygus insignis Kriechbaumer、褪色前眼茧蜂Proterops decoloratus Shestakov、叶蜂啮小蜂Tet-rastichus sp.及白僵菌Beauveria bassiana(Bals.)。  相似文献   

DROUGHT STRESS: Soil Water Availability Alters the Inter‐ and Intra‐Cultivar Competition of Three Spring Wheat Cultivars Bred in Different Eras     

L. Song  D.‐W. Zhang  F.‐M. Li  X.‐W. Fan  Q. Ma  N. C. Turner 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2010,196(5):323-335

Competition for water generates a classic aspect of the tragedy of the commons, the ‘race for fish’, where crops must allocate more resource to acquisition of the limiting resource than is optimal for crop yield allocation. A pot experiment using a simple additive (target–neighbour) design was conducted to examine the above‐ground and below‐ground growth of three spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars when grown alone and in mixtures at three levels of water availability. The effects of competition and water availability were compared by observing patterns of growth, biomass allocation and below‐ground outcomes. Competitive interactions were investigated among cultivars ‘HST’, ‘GY602’ and ‘LC8275’, target plant of each cultivar grown without neighbouring plants are referred to herein as control plant and one target plant of each cultivar sown surrounded either by same or another cultivar as intra‐ or inter‐cultivar competition. Competitive ability was assessed as the response ratio (lnRR) between the target plant surrounded by six other plants and the target plant in isolation. Our results showed that the cultivar ‘HST’, released over a century ago, produced a higher biomass and grain yield than the more recently released cultivars ‘LC8275’ and ‘GY602’ when grown as isolated plants with sufficient water supply. However, competition for resources from neighbours led to target plant biomass and grain yield being significantly reduced relative to controls in all three cultivars, particularly in ‘HST’. When subjected to intra‐cultivar competition, the two recently released cultivars ‘LC8275’ and ‘GY602’ had higher grain yields and water use efficiency for grain than ‘HST’ in all three water regimes. The landrace ‘HST’ had better and significantly linear relationships between biomass and biomass allocation, root length and specific root length, whereas the recent and modern cultivars had much more water‐related species‐specific changes in root morphology and allocation patterns. These results suggest that crop traits that influence competitive ability, such as biomass allocation to roots and root plasticity in response to drought have changed in modern wheat cultivars because of breeding and selection.  相似文献