Understanding the use of Bayes factor for testing candidate genes     

Luis Varona 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2010,127(1):16-25

After quantitative trait loci (QTL) detection, one of the main objectives of research is to identify the causal mutation explaining phenotypic differences. Candidate genes are usually selected according to the physiological mechanism of the trait and their location within the same region of the QTL. After detection of any polymorphism at the candidate gene sequence, it is important to determine whether the detected mutation is the one that causes the phenotypic variation. This is not, however, an easy task, because of the linkage disequilibrium between the genes located in the same region. Several methods have been proposed that consider the neutral marker information in validating the involvement of candidate genes. However, some statistical information may be lost because of the presence of both the QTL and candidate gene effects in the model of analysis. Here, the Bayes factor is suggested as an alternative and a procedure for its calculation between candidate gene and QTL models is presented. The procedure is illustrated with a simulation study and with an example consisting of three SNPs detected at the leptin receptor (LEPR) in an experimental intercross between Iberian and Landrace pigs. The results indicate that the Bayes factor procedure is more powerful than the classical approach.  相似文献   

牛AMPK家族基因的研究进展     

石秀英  房兴堂  张春雷  陈宏 《中国牛业科学》2010,36(2):59-62,69

AMP激活的蛋白激酶（AMP-activated prorein kinase,AMPK）是一种能被腺苷一磷酸（AMP）激活的蛋白激酶。在动物应激（生理、营养、环境和疾病等）过程中起着重要作用。近年研究表明,AMPK在细胞和全身组织器官能量代谢平衡中起着举足轻重的作用,并且在调节物质代谢中起重要作用,其调节代谢过程主要包括葡萄糖转换,糖酵解和脂类代谢等。近年来在牛上已经进行了很多研究,其中包括其染色体定位及结构的确定等。本文将简要介绍AMPK的分子结构及功能,并对AMPK基因在牛上的研究进展进行综述。  相似文献   

Functional and Structural Characterization of FAU Gene/Protein from Marine Sponge Suberites domuncula     

Dragutin Perina  Marina Korolija  Marijana Popovi? Had?ija  Ivana Grbe?a  Robert Belu?i?  Mirna Ime?ek  Christine Morrow  Melanija Posavec Marjanovi?  Tatjana Bakran-Petricioli  Andreja Miko?  Helena ?etkovi? 《Marine drugs》2015,13(7):4179-4196

Finkel-Biskis-Reilly murine sarcoma virus (FBR-MuSV) ubiquitously expressed (FAU) gene is down-regulated in human prostate, breast and ovarian cancers. Moreover, its dysregulation is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer. Sponges (Porifera) are animals without tissues which branched off first from the common ancestor of all metazoans. A large majority of genes implicated in human cancers have their homologues in the sponge genome. Our study suggests that FAU gene from the sponge Suberites domuncula reflects characteristics of the FAU gene from the metazoan ancestor, which have changed only slightly during the course of animal evolution. We found pro-apoptotic activity of sponge FAU protein. The same as its human homologue, sponge FAU increases apoptosis in human HEK293T cells. This indicates that the biological functions of FAU, usually associated with “higher” metazoans, particularly in cancer etiology, possess a biochemical background established early in metazoan evolution. The ancestor of all animals possibly possessed FAU protein with the structure and function similar to evolutionarily more recent versions of the protein, even before the appearance of true tissues and the origin of tumors and metastasis. It provides an opportunity to use pre-bilaterian animals as a simpler model for studying complex interactions in human cancerogenesis.  相似文献   

高等植物适应盐逆境研究进展   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

张金林  李惠茹  郭姝媛  王锁民  施华中  韩庆庆  包爱科  马清 《草业学报》2015,24(12):220-236

土壤盐碱化已经成为制约农作物生长及产量的重要因子之一,寻求将盐碱化对植物的危害降低到最小程度的策略势在必行。关于植物对盐逆境适应能力的研究已成为全球关注的热点, 如何提高植物的耐盐能力也已成为研究的重中之重。深入探究高等植物适应盐逆境的机制,有助于提高植物耐盐性,增加作物产量和保护生态环境。本文就高等植物适应盐逆境的重点研究进展,综述了盐胁迫对植物的危害;植物耐盐的生理机制,包括渗透调节、营养元素平衡和增强抗氧化胁迫等;植物耐盐相关基因研究进展,包括离子转运蛋白基因、渗透调节相关基因、信号传导相关基因和细胞抗氧化相关基因等;提高植物耐盐性的途径。最后针对今后植物适应盐逆境方面的研究方向进行了展望。  相似文献   

广东地区水禽源大肠杆菌对β-内酰胺类药物的耐药性及耐药基因检测     

张济培  谭华龙  韦庆兰  陈建红 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(9):2487-2492

为了调查广东地区水禽源大肠杆菌对β-内酰胺类抗菌药的耐药性和耐药基因的流行情况,本试验于2012-2014年从广东地区患病水禽中成功分离鉴定243株大肠杆菌,采用琼脂二倍稀释法测定大肠杆菌分离株对4种β-内酰胺类药物的敏感性,并通过PCR方法检测耐药株的耐药基因bla_CTX-M、bla_TEM和bla_OXA。药敏试验结果显示,广东各地区的分离株对氨苄西林和阿莫西林耐药率较高,耐药率为80.00%~100.00%;而对头孢他啶和头孢噻呋耐药率较低,耐药率为9.09%~50.00%。PCR检测结果显示,在4种药物的耐药菌株中,耐药基因bla_CTX-M、bla_TEM和bla_OXA的检出率分别为88.46%~90.87%、67.21%~88.52%和51.28%~59.02%。结果表明,水禽大肠杆菌对β-内酰胺类药物普遍具有耐药性,其中青霉素类尤为严重。bla_CTX-M、bla_TEM和bla_OXA基因为广东地区水禽源大肠杆菌携带的主要耐药基因,且耐药基因的普遍存在与临床日益严重的耐药现象有着很大的关系。  相似文献   

Pyramiding Ty‐2 and Ty‐3 genes for resistance to monopartite and bipartite tomato leaf curl viruses of India          下载免费PDF全文

H. C. Prasanna  D. P. Sinha  G. K. Rai  R. Krishna  S. P. Kashyap  N. K. Singh  M. Singh  V. G. Malathi 《Plant pathology》2015,64(2):256-264

Breeding resistance to whitefly‐transmitted begomoviruses is an important goal of tomato breeding programmes worldwide. So far, resistance to begomoviruses in tomato has been achieved using wild species, and at least five resistance genes (Ty genes) have been studied. The present study was undertaken to combine Ty‐2 and Ty‐3 and to determine the effect of pyramiding on infection of tomato by three diverse begomovirus species. The diagnostic ability of the markers linked to Ty genes was assessed and marker‐assisted selection was used to develop pyramided tomato lines from the crosses between Ty stocks. Five stable pyramided tomato lines that differ in fruit morphology and yield potential were developed. The horticultural performance of pyramided lines in field trials showed that the yield and horticultural traits are well maintained in the plants. The response of these lines was assessed using agroinoculation and field tests in a disease hotspot. The pyramided lines and Ty‐3‐carrying lines exhibited a high level of resistance to the monopartite and two bipartite begomoviruses tested. The pyramided tomato lines developed in this study could be important genetic resources for sustainable tomato production in areas affected by tomato leaf curl virus disease. The combined results of disease resistance tests also showed that Ty‐3 is critical for achieving broad‐spectrum resistance. The limitations of relying on a single gene and the importance of pyramiding are discussed in the light of available evidence on frequent recombination in begomoviruses.  相似文献   

小麦品种天867抗条锈性评价和遗传分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

尹军良  马东方  周新力  王保通  井金学 《麦类作物学报》2015,35(1):45-49

为明确冬小麦天867对国内当前流行条锈菌优势小种的抗性及遗传规律,并为在育种中对该品种的推广布局提供科学依据,本研究对其进行了田间混合和分小种接种、室内苗期接种和高温成株接种,并通过接种F2遗传群体,分析了天867对不同小种的抗性和遗传规律。结果表明,天867对CYR29、CYR30、CYR31、CYR33、Sun11-4和Sun11-11的抗性免疫到近免疫,其控制不同小种抗性的基因数目和互作方式不同,而对CYR32仅具有高温成株抗性。  相似文献   

茶多酚诱导铜绿假单胞菌交叉耐受性研究     

刘小香  孙爱华  杜蓬  陈文虎  朱军莉 《茶叶科学》2015,35(6):534-542

检测了亚致死浓度的茶多酚（Tea Polyphenols,TP）处理对铜绿假单胞菌交叉耐受性的诱导作用。铜绿假单胞菌暴露于1βmg·mL^-1茶多酚1βh后能够显著增强细菌对多种环境条件的耐受性,包括氧化剂（1βmmol·L^-1 H₂O₂）、高温（47℃）,及酸性溶液[磷酸缓冲液（pH4.0）、含有有机酸（60βmmol·L^-1柠檬酸、60βmmol·L^-1乳酸、80βmmol·L^-1乙酸）的磷酸缓冲液（pH4.0）]。另外,通过荧光定量RT-PCR技术分析了茶多酚诱导下铜绿假单胞菌胁迫相关基因的表达情况。研究发现,茶多酚能够显著诱导铜绿假单胞菌氧化胁迫相关基因katB、sodM、ohr、lexA和recN的表达,以及热激蛋白基因dnaK、groEL、htpG、grpE和groES的表达。这些胁迫相关基因的表达很可能在细菌交叉耐受性形成过程中起到重要作用。以上研究结果表明,虽然茶多酚作为天然食品添加剂具有较高的安全性,但在实际应用过程中应充分考虑茶多酚诱导细菌交叉耐受性所导致的潜在风险,以优化食品保鲜策略。  相似文献   

Overexpression of TaUb2 enhances disease resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 in tobacco     

《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2015

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Bioprospecting Red Sea Coastal Ecosystems for Culturable Microorganisms and Their Antimicrobial Potential     

Soha Al-Amoudi  Magbubah Essack  Marta F. Sim?es  Salim Bougouffa  Irina Soloviev  John A. C. Archer  Feras F. Lafi  Vladimir B. Bajic 《Marine drugs》2016,14(9)

Microorganisms that inhabit unchartered unique soil such as in the highly saline and hot Red Sea lagoons on the Saudi Arabian coastline, represent untapped sources of potentially new bioactive compounds. In this study, a culture-dependent approach was applied to three types of sediments: mangrove mud (MN), microbial mat (MM), and barren soil (BS), collected from Rabigh harbor lagoon (RHL) and Al-Kharrar lagoon (AKL). The isolated bacteria were evaluated for their potential to produce bioactive compounds. The phylogenetic characterization of 251 bacterial isolates based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing, supported their assignment to five different phyla: Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Planctomycetes. Fifteen putative novel species were identified based on a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to other strain sequences in the NCBI database, being ≤98%. We demonstrate that 49 of the 251 isolates exhibit the potential to produce antimicrobial compounds. Additionally, at least one type of biosynthetic gene sequence, responsible for the synthesis of secondary metabolites, was recovered from 25 of the 49 isolates. Moreover, 10 of the isolates had a growth inhibition effect towards Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas syringae. We report the previously unknown antimicrobial activity of B. borstelensis, P. dendritiformis and M. salipaludis against all three indicator pathogens. Our study demonstrates the evidence of diverse cultured microbes associated with the Red Sea harbor/lagoon environments and their potential to produce antimicrobial compounds.  相似文献