黄麻双生病毒CoYVV的分子鉴定和抗性种质筛选     

杨昕  林文忠  陈思远  杜振国  林杰  祁建民  方平平  陶爱芬  张立武 《作物学报》2022,(3):624-634

越南黄麻黄脉病毒(Corchorus yellow vein Vietnam virus, CoYVV)是影响黄麻纤维品质和产量的双生病毒,其基因组含2个环状单链DNA(DNA-A和DNA-B)。鉴定黄麻双生病毒CoYVV并筛选抗病毒种质,不仅丰富对双生病毒分布和进化的认识,而且为黄麻抗性基因克隆奠定了基础。2018年福建省三明市福建农林大学洋中科教基地发现黄麻种质资源圃长果种黄麻福农5号疑似感染黄色花叶病。利用CTAB法提取该品种感病叶片DNA,通过PCR、滚环扩增及测序技术获得病毒基因组序列。通过同源序列比对和进化树构建明确该病毒与新旧世界双生病毒的关系。含有CoYVV DNA-A和CoYVV DNA-B侵染性克隆载体的农杆菌等比例混合,子叶注射法侵染具有代表性的7份长果种和7份圆果种黄麻品种(系),定期观察发病株数(病株率)并PCR检测接种黄麻的侵染率。PCR检测结果证实,福农5号病样感染了CoYVV,命名为CoYVV-FS。其DNA-A为2724 bp, DNA-B为2691 bp。进化分析表明,相较于旧世界菜豆金黄花叶病毒(begomoviruses), CoYVV-FS与新...  相似文献   

中国黄麻炭疽病病原菌的分离鉴定及系统发育分析     

郭艳春  姚嘉瑜  张镕斌  陈思远  何青垚  陶爱芬  方平平  祁建民  张列梅  张立武 《作物学报》2022,(3):770-783

炭疽病是严重影响黄麻纤维产量和品质的主要真菌性病害,明确炭疽病病原菌种类并测定其致病力有助于黄麻抗病育种和优异抗病基因资源挖掘。本研究从福建省福州市、福建省漳州市、河南省信阳市、安徽省六安市、浙江省杭州市、广西省南宁市和湖南省长沙市等7个黄麻生产区采集黄麻炭疽病病原菌样本,分离纯化出92个菌株;rDNA-ITS区域的序列分析表明,其中11个为典型炭疽病病原菌。LSU区域的系统进化树和形态学特征鉴定显示,ZZ4、GX19等10个菌株为胶胞炭疽菌(Colletotrichumgloeosporioides),菌株CS3为黑线炭疽菌(Colletotrichum dematium)。人工接种的致病力测定表明,不同炭疽菌菌株致病力存在显著差异,其中胶胞炭疽菌菌株GX19致病力最强,表现为优势菌株。这些结果为黄麻炭疽病抗性基因位点挖掘和有效防治奠定了基础。  相似文献   

Soil Quality Changes Resulting from Long-Term Fertilizer Application Under Intensive Cropping System in Alluvial Soils     

A. K. Singh  S. P. Mazumdar  A. R. Saha  D. K. Kundu 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2017,48(13):1503-1510

Soil quality is one of the most important factors which reveal the soil–environment functionality for identifying whether soil quality is improving, remain constant, or declining. This paper evaluated change in soil quality after 40 years of chemical fertilizer use and continuous cultivation of multiple crops (jute–rice–wheat) on alluvial soils. The concepts of relative soil quality index (RSQI) and Cumulative Rating Index (CRI) were used in the evaluation. It was observed that soil of class III reduced to class II after 20 years and to class I after 40 years of fertilizer application with manure, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK_100+FYM). There was a strong correlation between SQI and CRI (r = 0.82**) which showed more promising effects on soil sustainability. Significant positive relationship between ?RSQI and crop yield of jute (r = 0.89**) and wheat (r = 0.90**) was found. However, rice yield declined up to 44% of its initial yield (r = 0.20).  相似文献