几种野生稻抽提物对斜纹夜蛾幼虫的拒食作用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

冯国忠  万树青  潘大建  罗倩  邓建朝 《中国水稻科学》2004,18(4):371-373

用甲醇对6种野生稻E6-1, E6-3/6-4(大颖野生稻的不同生态型),E7-4(颗粒野生稻), E9-10、E9-20(阔叶野生稻的不同生态型),E13-13（小粒野生稻）,E15-13（药用野生稻）和E16-3（斑点野生稻）进行了索氏提取,提取率分别为19.62%,15.60%,18.90%,8.50%,16.27%, 24.86%,10.04%和13.32%。通过测定这6种野生稻抽提物对3龄斜纹夜蛾幼虫的选择性拒食活性和非选择性拒食活性,筛选出大颖野生稻抽提物E6-1对斜纹夜蛾有较强的拒食作用。用E6-1对叶碟处理后,在1%的浓度下,24 h和48 h测得其对3龄斜纹夜蛾选择性拒食率均为100%,而非选择性拒食率分别为40.95%和47.27%;毒力测定表明2龄斜纹夜蛾幼虫24 h和48 h后的拒食中浓度([i]AFC[/i][sub]50[/sub]）分别为120 mg/mL和50 mg/mL。  相似文献   

Ts-86提取物防治黄瓜白粉病的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郭庆港  唐蕊  胡同乐  曹克强 《中国农学通报》2003,19(2):63-63

本文测试了中草药Ts-86提取物对黄瓜白粉病菌的保护活性,并对其稳定性、持效期及抑菌谱等作了进一步研究。结果表明,Ts-86提取物的50倍液防效达93.04%,与粉锈宁(15% WP)1000倍液防效相当;其酸碱稳定性与热稳定性较差,只在中性或微酸微碱条件下活性较高,且经100℃处理的活性最高,而且其光稳定性很好;保护作用的持效期可达3天;抑菌谱相对广泛。  相似文献   

核桃叶抑菌成分的提取及其抑菌活性   总被引：23，自引：4，他引：19  

翟梅枝  李晓明  林奇英  谢联辉 《西北林学院学报》2003,18(4):89-91

对核桃叶乙醇提取物和其不同溶剂萃取部分及层析组分进行抑菌试验,结果显示:乙醇提取物和乙酸乙酯萃取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、蜡状芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌和黑根霉有较强的抑制作用.且乙醇提取物的抑菌作用随浓度增大而增强.不同浓度处理时,提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和黑根霉的抑菌作用均达差异极显著水平,对蜡状芽孢杆菌的抑菌作用差异显著.结果还显示:同一浓度提取物对不同细菌的抑菌作用亦不同.  相似文献   

核桃叶提取物对粘虫和小菜蛾的拒食活性研究   总被引：13，自引：3，他引：10  

翟梅枝  张凤云  刘朝斌  辛福梅 《西北林学院学报》2005,20(2):138-140

研究了核桃叶提取物及萃取物对粘虫、小菜蛾的生物活性.结果表明:核桃叶95乙醇冷提物对小菜蛾有明显的拒食作用;提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部分对粘虫有较明显的拒食作用,且乙酸乙酯萃取物浓度的变化,对粘虫的拒食率、死亡率及生长发育抑制率均有较大影响.研究还表明:提取时所用乙醇浓度越大,提取物活性越明显,且冷提的效果较热提好.  相似文献   

Activities of antioxidant enzymes and photosynthetic responses in tomato pre-treated by plant activators and inoculated by Xanthomonas vesicatoria     

Fabio Rossi Cavalcanti  Mario Lucio Vilela Resende  Joo Paulo Matos Santos Lima  Joaquim Albenisio Gomes Silveira  Jos Tadeu Abreu Oliveira 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2006,68(4-6):198-208

The activities of antioxidant enzymes and photosynthetic responses were investigated in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L. var.) pre-treated by plant activators and inoculated by Xanthomonas vesicatoria. Plants were sprayed with acibenzolar-S-methyl, ASM [Bion^® 50 WG (0.2 g l⁻¹)] and aqueous extract from dry necrotic tissue flour (VLA) of ‘Lobeira’ (Solanum lycocarpum) bush. Four days later, the plants were challenged with a virulent strain of X. vesicatoria, under greenhouse conditions. Tomato leaves were then assessed to determine the activities of the main antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). A reduction of bacterial leaf spot severity was observed in plants treated by ASM (49.3%) and VLA (31.4%), without any in vitro inhibitory activity over the pathogen. Controls showed decreases in CO₂ assimilation, transpiration, photosynthetic rates, and stomatal conductance. Water use efficiency and carboxylation efficiency were strongly affected in ASM- and VLA-treated, in comparison to controls and healthy plants. The tested substances induced increases in SOD and CAT activities in a delayed enzymatic response typical in compatible plant–pathogen interactions. Measured at daily intervals, activities of APX and POX were significantly (ρ0.05) higher in treated plants than in controls, except for APX in ASM-treated plants where no difference was found when compared to controls. Only POX was clearly induced at the earlier stages after spraying the tomato plants with ASM or VLA. Our results suggest that late increases in antioxidant enzyme activities may play a role in mitigating oxidative damage in restoring the photosynthetic imbalance imposed by the expansion of bacterial lesions.  相似文献   

Research on Methods of Detecting Content of Method in Wine     

XU Dao-lian  ZHONG Xian-xing  XIAO Sha-li  CHENG Xiao-wen 《保鲜与加工》2000,(2):109-111

Various detecting methods for poisonous fake wine are studied and their advantages and disadvantages are analysed. On the base of these works the paper putsforwarda new detecting method and verifies it by some experiments. After the chemical reaction, components of sampleshould be split on the filmy board,methanolshould be oxidized by potassium permanganateand turn into formaldehydewhich should change its color with sulfurous acid. The change can be detected by sensitive-color device and detecting result can determineif contentof methanolin wine is exceeding the standard. [WT5HZ]  相似文献   

韩国海洋天然生物提取物DG对预防仔猪腹泻及促生长的试验报告     

刘延贺  胡迎利  关有堂  张晓根  任成业 《郑州牧业工程高等专科学校学报》2000,(3)

本试验采取 1× 2 1设计对全天然海洋壳类生物的壳提取物 DG对防止仔猪黄白痢及促进生长效果进行了研究。试验结果表明 ,主要成分为右旋葡糖胺 (D- glucosamine)的浓度为 5 %的天然提取物 ,每天对试验组初生仔猪口服 2 m L,可有效预防新生仔猪黄白痢的发生 ,并显著 (P<0 .0 1)提高哺乳期的饲料采食量。同时 ,试验组的平均日增重及断奶体重也有显著 (P<0 .0 1或 P<0 .0 5 )增加。对哺乳母猪从产前 7天至断奶每天按 10 m L 量拌料饲喂 ,虽有增加母猪采食量之倾向 ,但影响不大 (P>0 .0 5 )。  相似文献   

木粉/落叶松栲胶复合模压成板工艺     

张斌 《东北林业大学学报》2006,34(3):39-40

以木粉为原料,添加适量落叶松栲胶,在不使用合成胶黏剂的情况下,采用高压热处理的方法促成木粉在模具中胶结成板；经正交试验,分析原料木粉目数、木粉与栲胶配比、热压温度、热压时间对成板性能的影响。结果表明：在热压压力为100 MPa、原料含水率为8%、成板密度为1．183g/cm~3的情况下,当热压温度为200℃、热压时间为12 min、木粉目数为140目以上、木粉与栲胶配比为2：1时成板性能较好。  相似文献   

艾蒿提取物对13种植物病原菌物的抑制作用   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

江茂生  许文耀 《福建农林大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,36(4):352-356

研究了艾蒿乙醇提取物对13种植物病原菌物的抑制活性,并测定了提取物对4种植物病原菌物菌丝生长的毒力.结果表明,在50 mg.mL-1生药浓度下,艾蒿乙醇提取物对水稻纹枯病菌30 h和十字花科菌核病菌48 h的菌丝生长抑制率大于90%,对辣椒疫霉病菌、荔枝霜霉病菌、柑橘青霉病菌、红麻灰霉病菌48 h的菌丝生长抑制率在70%-86%之间,对香蕉枯萎病菌、棉花枯萎病菌、香蕉炭疽病菌、稻瘟病菌、红麻灰霉病菌等孢子的萌发抑制率在90%以上.显微观察说明,加药处理后,菌丝出现扭曲、膨大、液泡增多、分枝增加、分枝间隔缩短等异常变化.毒力测定表明,艾蒿乙醇提取物对水稻纹枯菌抑制作用较强,EC50仅为5.85 mg.mL-1.以上研究结果表明,艾蒿具有开发为新型植物源农药的潜力.  相似文献   

紫萁提取液抑菌试验的初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张泽宏  何义发 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2008,30(2):95-98

以多年生紫萁初生嫩叶为材料,将其分为红叶类和绿叶类,再按孢子叶和营养叶分别分为四种类型烘干,检测了紫萁干品的水提液和醇提液对枯草杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）、大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）、金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphy lococus aureus）、酵母菌（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）和青霉菌（Penicillium citrinumThom）的抑菌效果.结果表明：紫萁全株都有不同程度的抑菌效果,地下部位比地上部位的抑菌效果好,提取液对枯草杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌效果最明显,对酵母菌抑菌效果不明显,对青霉菌无抑菌效果,醇提法比水提法提取的抗菌性物质更彻底.  相似文献