全文获取类型
收费全文 | 27019篇 |
免费 | 1661篇 |
国内免费 | 1362篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 5065篇 |
农学 | 2022篇 |
基础科学 | 562篇 |
3345篇 | |
综合类 | 10393篇 |
农作物 | 1532篇 |
水产渔业 | 1560篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 1923篇 |
园艺 | 1053篇 |
植物保护 | 2587篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 121篇 |
2023年 | 430篇 |
2022年 | 658篇 |
2021年 | 836篇 |
2020年 | 884篇 |
2019年 | 1018篇 |
2018年 | 717篇 |
2017年 | 1070篇 |
2016年 | 1219篇 |
2015年 | 959篇 |
2014年 | 1271篇 |
2013年 | 1754篇 |
2012年 | 2094篇 |
2011年 | 1872篇 |
2010年 | 1565篇 |
2009年 | 1619篇 |
2008年 | 1505篇 |
2007年 | 1629篇 |
2006年 | 1363篇 |
2005年 | 1111篇 |
2004年 | 921篇 |
2003年 | 747篇 |
2002年 | 584篇 |
2001年 | 550篇 |
2000年 | 471篇 |
1999年 | 415篇 |
1998年 | 357篇 |
1997年 | 284篇 |
1996年 | 264篇 |
1995年 | 299篇 |
1994年 | 228篇 |
1993年 | 220篇 |
1992年 | 222篇 |
1991年 | 207篇 |
1990年 | 176篇 |
1989年 | 130篇 |
1988年 | 88篇 |
1987年 | 69篇 |
1986年 | 34篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 12篇 |
1981年 | 10篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 8篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1955年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
61.
Fritz Hervé Saïd Sonia Renaud Pierre-Cyril Mutake Snoden Coid Craig Monicat François 《Landscape Ecology》2003,18(3):293-302
After the eradication of the Tse-Tse fly in the Mid-Zambezi valley, human settlements and fields extended mainly along the main rivers. In order to investigate the consequences of this human development on wildlife diversity we monitored three rivers of the Mid-Zambezi valley in Zimbabwe: Angwa, Manyame and Kadzi. The rivers were divided in segments of 200 m which were checked for spoors in order to assess the number of species and the number of individuals that used the segments. Human settlements were also recorded. We used a GIS to define the spatial characteristics of the fields present along the rivers, and related them to the distribution and abundance of wild species spoors in the river beds and banks. Our results show that the number of species in one segment of the river decreased with the increasing size of the field area bordering the segment. For all the major ungulate species, the numbers of individuals recorded per segment decreased with increasing field area. A similar trend was observed for small and medium-sized carnivores, though they were in lower numbers when present. Our analyses thus confirm that the extension of human agriculture in wildlife areas has an impact on most wild species, but we also define some threshold value of field size above which there seem to be an acceleration of the decrease in wildlife density and diversity: 3.2 ha for medium and small herbivores and carnivores; only the elephant seem to tolerate larger field area with a threshold value of 32 ha.This revised version was published online in May 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
62.
Effects of land ownership and landscape-level factors on rare-species richness in natural areas of southern Ontario,Canada 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Lovett-Doust J. Biernacki M. Page R. Chan M. Natgunarajah R. Timis G. 《Landscape Ecology》2003,18(6):621-633
Surprisingly few studies have considered the extent to which the nature of the ownership of land is associated with differences
in biodiversity. We analysed ownership and other landscape-level effects on rare-species richness for both globally- and regionally-rare
biota (including birds, herpetofauna, butterflies, mammals, and plants) in 289 designated natural areas (NAs) in southern
Ontario, Canada. Information about each NA −including area, number of plant communities, ownership status and details of species
diversity were collected from published sources. Length of perimeter of NA, relative isolation, and an estimate of fragmentation
were measured using image analysis and GIS techniques. NAs were in general relatively small, with mean area of 158 ha (median
85 ha, range from 0.9 to 1278 ha) for private NAs; public NAs had mean area of 132 ha (median 16 ha, range from 0.1 to 1481
ha). Mean number of plant communities was 4.6 (median 4, range 1- 13) at private NAs and 3.8 (median 3, range 1-16) at public
NAs. Our results show that, of several landscape-level factors, area had the greatest effects on rare-species richness and
other biotic indices. Effects of area were followed by effects of plant community diversity, however this was itself significantly
affected by area and the extent of perimeter of the NA. Both these factors were followed by effects of ownership of the NA
and by effects of isolation of the NA (represented by minimum distance to nearest NA and by number of NAs in 10 km radius).
Other landscape- level factors did not appear to have overall significant effects. Variation in area accounted for 0.1% to
29% of variation in number of rare species, with lower values for globally-rare, than for regionally-rare taxa. For all biotic
groups, public ownership of NAs was associated with significantly greater rare-species richness compared to private ownership,
even after other factors such as area were controlled. For all globally-rare biota except butterflies, area of NA had greater
effects on rare-species richness than did ownership. Richness of regionally- rare birds was more affected by plant community
diversity than by area of NA. Number of recorded plant communities accounted from 2.1% of variation in number of globally-rare
plant species to as high as 31% of variation in regionally-rare butterflies. The diversity of plant communities was itself
influenced by total site area (accounting for 45% of variation), extent of elongation of the NA, and both external- and interior-
edge perimeters. Public NAs had greatest numbers of rare biota and so should be a significant focus for conservation programs.
Smaller, privately-owned patches of natural area dominate (by number and area) in this densely populated region and their
significance should not be overlooked.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
63.
64.
Karin Themann Sabine Werres R. Lüttmann H.-A. Diener 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2002,108(4):337-343
Samples of water and sediment were taken from drains, reservoirs and wells from four commercial hardy ornamental nurseries with water recirculation systems. The samples were taken on seven different dates throughout a single year from August 1994 to July 1995. The samples were screened for Phytophthora species using five different methods: direct plating, three bait tests (using lupin seedlings, apples and Rhododendron leaves) and a DAS-ELISA (double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent-assay) with two antisera. In the nurseries with old water recirculation systems, Phytophthora species were detected in the drains and in the reservoirs. In the nursery with a new recirculation system, the pathogens were only present in the drains. None of the water samples from wells in any of the nurseries were contaminated. Phytophthora species were present in the water as well as in the sediment samples from drains and reservoirs. They were detected in the water recirculation systems irrespective of the season. The number of isolates increased about sevenfold between late summer and spring. At least 12 different Phytophthora species were identified: some isolates were previously unrecorded species. The epidemiology of the pathogens in outdoor water recirculation systems as well as the importance of the results for commercial nurseries is discussed. 相似文献
65.
Ioannis Stergiopoulos Lute-Harm Zwiers Maarten A. De Waard 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2002,108(7):719-734
This review provides an overview of members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and major facilitator superfamily (MFS) of transporters identified in filamentous fungi. The most common function of these membrane proteins is to provide protection against natural toxic compounds present in the environment of fungi, such as antibiotics produced by other microorganisms. In plant pathogenic fungi, these transporters can also be an important determinant of virulence on host plants by providing protection against plant defence compounds or mediating the secretion of host-specific toxins. Furthermore, they play a critical role in determining base-line sensitivity to fungicides and other antimycotic agents. Overexpression of some of these transporters can lead to the development of resistance to chemically-unrelated compounds, a phenomenon described as multidrug resistance (MDR). This has been observed in a variety of organisms and can impose a serious threat to the effective control of pathogenic fungi. 相似文献
66.
P. van de Graaf † M. E. Joseph J. M. Chartier-Hollis T. M. O'Neill 《Plant pathology》2002,51(3):331-337
A detailed study of conidial germination, germ-tube growth and the formation of infection structures in Phoma clematidina , the causal agent of clematis wilt, is described for two clematis varieties differing in disease resistance. On both the resistant and susceptible varieties, the fungus entered leaves and stems by direct penetration of the cuticle, often, but not always, following the formation of infection structures. More germ tubes per conidium were formed on the susceptible host, but these germ tubes were on average shorter than on the resistant host. Although germ tubes regularly entered the plant via trichomes, stomata were not found to be sites of entry. Following penetration of the cuticle of resistant plants, germ-tube growth was sometimes restricted to the subcuticular region, and halo formation occurred at the sites where penetration was attempted. Subcuticular growth and halo formation were not observed on susceptible plants. These observations may partly explain the resistance of small-flowered clematis varieties to P. clematidina . 相似文献
67.
Infection of Prunus spp. by Plum pox virus (PPV) is characterized by an uneven distribution of the virus within the tree and branches. In order to gain a better understanding of this distribution, a method for modelling tree growth was used. PPV spread was followed within susceptible Mariana plum clone GF 8-1 shoots for 4 months after inoculation. Shoot growth was unaffected by the presence of the virus. Symptoms appeared on leaves produced in the most actively growing parts of the shoots, i.e. at the beginning of the season. PPV was detected in leaves other than those showing symptoms. The proportion of leaves with detectable virus decreased from the zone showing symptoms, with 100% ELISA-positive responses, to the shoot tip with no detectable virus in leaves produced between 111 and 127 days after inoculation. Furthermore, a higher proportion of positive ELISA results was obtained below the zone showing symptoms (77%) compared with 50% above. PPV was detected in 95% of the most vigorous shoots 71 days after inoculation compared with 37% of slower-growing, later-produced shoots. 相似文献
68.
20%多效唑·甲哌 FEE7 微乳剂防止小麦倒伏和增产机理研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
冬小麦二棱期喷施植物生长调节剂20%多效唑·甲哌鎓微乳剂375 mL/hm2,可以显著抑制茎秆基部节间伸长,增加各节间充实度,其中赤霉素(Gas)和生长素(IAA)降低,可显著增强小麦抗倒伏能力和降低田间倒伏率.处理还协调了穗数、穗粒数和粒重的关系,增产幅度6.2%~28.6%.增产原因可能在于促进籽粒灌浆强,增加籽粒中内源Gas、IAA、细胞分裂素(CTKs)的水平,增强了籽粒库活性,同时促进茎叶中干物质向籽粒运转. 相似文献
69.
70.
20%多效唑·甲哌Wong微乳剂防止小麦倒伏和增产机理研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
冬小麦二棱期喷施植物生长调节剂20%多效唑·甲哌鎓微乳剂375 mL/hm2,可以显著抑制茎秆基部节间伸长,增加各节间充实度,其中赤霉素(Gas)和生长素(IAA)降低,可显著增强小麦抗倒伏能力和降低田间倒伏率.处理还协调了穗数、穗粒数和粒重的关系,增产幅度6.2%~28.6%.增产原因可能在于促进籽粒灌浆强,增加籽粒中内源Gas、IAA、细胞分裂素(CTKs)的水平,增强了籽粒库活性,同时促进茎叶中干物质向籽粒运转. 相似文献