鸡病毒性关节炎病毒C-98分离株S1基因的克隆与序列分析     

常继涛关平原  乌日罕马立峰于富丽  特木尔巴根 《中国兽医科技》2006,36(4):287-291

提取鸡病毒性关节炎病毒（AVAV）内蒙古分离株（C-98株）总RNA，参考GenBank中禽呼肠孤病毒（ARV）S1133株S1基因序列设计了2对引物，应用RT—PCR技术扩增了病毒S1基因，将S1基因cDNA克隆到pGEM—T Easy载体后测序。将测定序列拼接后与参考毒株ARV-176、ARV-138、ARV-S1133、MDRV—YJL的S1基因序列进行了比较。结果显示，AVAV C-98分离株的S1基因与强毒株ARV-176株的同源性最高，达99．9％；与MDRV—YJL的同源性为99．3％，与弱毒疫苗株ARV—S1133的同源性也达97．9％；与ARV-138株的同源性最低，为81．2％。表明，AVAVC-98株与参考毒株的差异较小，与疫苗株ARV-S1133有很高的同源性。  相似文献   

广西10个地方优质品种鸡γ-干扰素基因的克隆与序列分析     

黄溢泓谢芝勋  孙建华 《中国兽医科技》2006,36(5):415-419

根据基因库中鸡γ-干扰素的基因序列设计了1对特异性引物，应用反转录-聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）技术，从ConA诱导培养的广西10个地方优质品种鸡外周血淋巴细胞RNA中扩增了γ-干扰素基因，结果，均得到了大小为520 bp的特异性片段。将扩增产物纯化并克隆到pMD18-T载体上，获得重组质粒，经PCR和EcoRⅠ＋SalⅠ双酶切鉴定后测序。序列分析结果表明，广西10个地方优质品种鸡γ-干扰席基因均编码145个氨基酸的成熟蛋白，分子质量约为16．8ku，与哺乳动物和其他品种鸡的核苷酸序列同源性分别为38．8％～39．0％和99．2％～100％，氨基酸序列同源性分别为23．69／6～24．8％和97．6％～99．4％。  相似文献   

蕈状芽孢杆菌代谢产物活性成分对小鼠免疫功能的影响     

《中国兽医科技》2006,36(12):983-987

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Appraisal of the sustainability of dairy goat systems in Southern Spain according to their degree of intensification     

J. Nahed  J.M. Castel  Y. Mena  F. Caravaca 《Livestock Science》2006,101(1-3):10-23

This investigation aims to classify, describe and evaluate the sustainability of dairy goat production systems (GPS) in South Spain Sierra de Cadiz. The research took place throughout 25 goat farms during the 2001–2002 campaigns, with the method posed by Masera et al. (1999) [Masera, O., Astier, M., S., López-Ridaura. 1999. Sustentabilidad y manejo de recursos naturales. El marco de evaluación MESMIS (Sustainability and natural resource management. The MESMIS evaluation framework). Mundi-Prensa, S.A., Gira, IE-UNAM, México. 109 pp.] and adapted to animal production systems, as the guideline and framework to evaluate sustainability.

The principal component, namely energy input from grazing (eigenvalue 1.329) which comprises the indicators total area per goat (factorial value 0.664) together with net energy obtained from grazing (factorial value 0.903) allowed to differentiate significantly between semi extensive (SES), semi intensive (SIS) and intensive (IS) goat production systems.

Intensification of the GPS tends to be inefficient, especially in terms of net margin per litre of milk produced (p < 0.05). A higher degree of adaptability of IS (64.8%) derives from a higher investment on new production strategies. Likewise, higher self-management capacity of SES (60.9%) fosters standards of productivity (76.0%) and stability (42.9%). The SIS presented the highest equity values (67.8%).

On the whole, sustainability of GPS tends to decrease as the degree of intensification increases: SES = 57.3%; SIS = 55.7% and IS = 53.1%. The reduction of the dependency on external input alongside with the optimization of natural resources management would surely improve the standard of sustainability.  相似文献   

Selection for ovulation rate in rabbits     

Noelia Ibez  María Antonía Santacreu  Maria Martinez  Agueda Climent  Agustín Blasco 《Livestock Science》2006,101(1-3):126-133

An experiment of selection for ovulation rate was carried out. Animals were derived from a synthetic line first selected 12 generations for litter size, then 10 generations for uterine capacity. Selection was relaxed for 6 generations. Selection was based on the phenotypic value of ovulation rate with a selection pressure on does of 30%. Males were selected from litters of does with the highest ovulation rate. Males were selected within sire families in order to reduce inbreeding. Ovulation rate was measured in the second gestation by a laparoscopy, 12 days after mating. Each generation had about 80 females and 20 males. Results of three generations of selection were analyzed using Bayesian methods. Marginal posterior distributions of all unknowns were estimated by Gibbs sampling. Heritabilities of ovulation rate (OR), number of implanted embryos (IE), litter size (LS), embryo survival (ES), fetal survival (FS), and prenatal survival (PS) were 0.44, 0.32, 0.11, 0.26, 0.35, and 0.14, respectively. Genetic correlation between OR and LS was 0.56, indicating that selection for ovulation rate can augment litter size. Response to selection for OR was 1.80 ova. Correlated responses in IE and LS were 1.44 and 0.49, respectively. Selection for ovulation rate may be an alternative to improve litter size.  相似文献   

Longevity of Swiss Brown cattle in different housing systems in Switzerland     

J.C. Bielfeldt  K.-H. Tlle  R. Badertscher  J. Krieter 《Livestock Science》2006,101(1-3):134-141

A Weibull mixed survival model was used to study the effect of a change in the housing system on length of productive life (LPL) in dairy cows. The data set included records on 71,469 Swiss Brown cows in 1674 farms in eastern and central Switzerland. About 36% of the records were right-censored. The observation period lasted from January 1, 1988 to May 1, 2001. During this period, 517 farms changed their housing conditions from a tie-stall barn to a loose housing system. Besides a random time-dependent effect of herd–year–season, the model included fixed effects of housing system, lactation number and stage of lactation, within herd and parity production level (all time-dependent), and age at first calving (time-independent). All effects had a significant effect on LPL at a level of p < 0.001. Cows in loose housing systems showed the lowest risk ratios of being culled (0.93) compared to the reference system tie-stall barn (1.00). The highest relative culling rate (1.09) was observed within the changing period from tie-stall barn to loose housing system. Within the first three lactations, the relative culling risk increased stepwise with lactation stage. The hazard slightly increased from first until lactation number 8 and higher. The relative culling rates were highest (2.22) for cows yielding less than 90% compared to herd-mates of the same lactation number, whereas the lowest risk ratios were estimated for animals yielding more than 110% compared to their reference group (0.64). When heifers were older than 3 years at first calving, there was a tendency towards a higher relative culling risk (1.06).  相似文献   

集约化猪场长大母猪繁殖性状的相关分析     

张力  邵良平  刘昊 《家畜生态》2006,(4)

本文对1020头长大母猪,2107胎次的若干繁殖性状进行了统计分析。结果表明,母猪的不同胎次对产仔数、合格产仔数、平均个体初生重均有显著影响;3~7胎次的母猪繁殖性能比较稳定,明显优于其它胎次(P<0.05);夏季和早秋的高温对母猪受胎率的影响表现为受胎率下降、不合格仔猪发生率上升、平均个体初生重减小;母猪的乳头数与断奶头数、断奶个体重均呈显著的正相关;总产仔数、产活仔数与断奶个体重呈负相关。本研究将为改进规模化猪场的技术管理、确定母猪的利用年限、提高母猪生产水平和生产效益提供参考。  相似文献   

本地毛形线虫HSP70基因的克隆与序列分析     

袁金钱路义鑫  韩彩霞宋铭忻 《中国兽医科技》2007,37(12):1062-1065

根据GenBank中已发表的布氏旋毛虫HSP70基因序列设计了1对引物，用Trizol法从本地毛形线虫肌幼虫虫体中提取总RNA，用RT-PCR方法扩增了HSP70基因，将目的基因克隆至pMD18-T载体，转化大肠杆菌DH5α。重组质粒用PCR、限制性内切酶BarnHⅠ和HindⅢ进行单、双酶切鉴定。测序结果表明，成功克隆了本地毛形线虫HSP70基因。序列分析表明，HSP70基因比较保守，不同物种之间氨基酸的同源性在40％～80％。与布氏旋毛虫HSP70序列相比，CDS区多出9个碱基，但核苷酸序列和氨基酸同源性分别为98%和94％，存在1个糖基化位点和1个潜在的信号肽位点。  相似文献   

Genetic analysis of racing performance in Irish greyhounds     

H. Täubert  D. Agena  & H. Simianer 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2007,124(3):117-123

The aim of this study was to analyse racing performance data in Irish greyhounds with regard to genetic and environmental variation. Estimation of heritabilities for racing time (RT) and ranking, and the prediction of breeding values for all greyhounds in the investigated data were carried out. Data from 42,785 races in Ireland in the years 2000-2003 were available. These results were obtained from 42,880 greyhounds on 20 race tracks over a distance of 480 m. Three traits were analysed, RT, ranking and a scaled logarithmic function for RT (ART), which was used to adjust racing time to be normally distributed. The data were analysed with a bivariate animal model. The estimated heritabilities were moderate for RT (0.31) and ART (0.38), but very low for ranking (0.10). The repeatabilities were 0.56 (RT), 0.51 (ART) and 0.13 (ranking). The genetic correlations were very high, 0.99 (RT-ranking) and 0.96 (ART-ranking), while the phenotypic correlation was lower, 0.60 (RT-ranking) and 0.62 (ART-ranking). The genetic trend for the traits as well as the phenotypic change of the average RT was positive.  相似文献   

犬尿结石的化学成分分析研究     

穆洪云  王力光  娄红军  谢伟东  张俭伟  董君艳 《家畜生态》2007,(6)

应用物理学特征观察、化学定性分析、X射线衍射分析等方法,分析了临床收集的1份犬肾结石样品、2份犬膀胱结石样品的化学成分,并根据结石的形成原因、机理探讨其防治方法。结果表明:肾结石样品为混合型结石,主要成分为水合磷酸氢镁、水合磷酸铁及水合磷酸钙,另外还可能含有少量水合硫酸钙;2份膀胱结石样品主要成分均为六水磷酸铵镁。对尿结石的成分分析,有助于了解结石形成机制,为尿结石的防治奠定一定基础。  相似文献