Yield Performance of New European Spring Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Cultivars Under Winter Season Cultivation in Egypt     

A. N. Sharaan 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1987,158(1):49-55

The present investigation was undertaken on four W. German (AD201, Belinda, Korina and Elvira) and five French (Cresor, Brutor, BRO, BRIO and Orpal) spring rapeseed varieties, for evaluation and to study their performance and productivity under Fayoum (Egypt) conditions during two successive winter seasons (1982/1983 and 1983/1984). In order to make clear identification for different plant characters, some genetical parameters were estimated.
In the first season, the nine varieties were arranged into a randomized complete block field experiment with four replications. In the second one, the experiment (with the same design and replication) included only six cultivars, after elimination of three winter-type (Belinda, Korina and Elvira) that failed to reach flowering because of unique cold temperature requirements. Therefore, the present study was restricted with the remainder six varieties.
The varieties exhibited considerable differences in all the characters studied. AD201 was earlier, higher seed- and oil-yielding variety than other tested ones. Its superiority could be attributed to increased number of pods/plant, seeds/pod and seed yield/plant. The second yielding variety was BR1O followed by Cresor, BRO and Brutor. While Orpal was inferior in all characters except for seed index. Data showed that fruiting zone length reached nearly half the mature height for each genotype.
Remarkable amount of genotypic variation and high heritability estimates were recorded for all studied characters. Quantitative analysis indicated that number of seeds/pod, early flowering, seed weight/plant, possessed high heritability values combined with high genetic gains and wide genetic variations. By these characters, discernible improvement could be easily achieved through phenotypic selection in relatively very short time.  相似文献   

Evaluation using hoof wall strain gauges of a therapeutic shoe and a hoof cast with a heel wedge as potential supportive therapy for horses with laminitis     

Hansen N  Buchner HH  Haller J  Windischbauer G 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2005,34(6):630-636

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate using strain gauges, a hoof cast with heel wedge, and a therapeutic shoe with unsupported toe for their effectiveness in redistribution of load from the dorsal hoof wall. STUDY DESIGN: In vitro biomechanical study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Twenty forelimb specimens. METHODS: Rosette strain gauges were placed on the dorsal and lateral hoof wall of 20 normal shaped hooves. Limbs were loaded vertically using a tensile testing machine with a 1 Hz sinusoidally cycling load up to 3000 N during 15 seconds. Mean values of principal strain and direction at 2500 N load were calculated for 3 experimental conditions (unshod, therapeutic shoe with unsupported toe, and hoof cast with heel elevation) and tested by ANOVA (P<.05). RESULTS: Vertical limb loading in an unshod hoof leads to a biaxial compression of the dorsal wall with high longitudinal compression (epsilon2 = -1515 microm/m). Principal strain at the dorsal wall (epsilon2) was decreased by 23% with the therapeutic shoe and by 59% with the hoof cast. On the lateral hoof wall principal strain was unchanged with the shoe, but increased by 34% with the cast. CONCLUSIONS: Strain measurements indicate unloading of the dorsal hoof wall by both methods with the cast being more effective than the shoe. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The hoof cast with wedge offers substantial unloading of the dorsal wall, but increases load on the quarter. Therefore a hoof cast would likely be most helpful in acute laminitis when palmar structures can still bear load. The therapeutic shoe offers rehabilitation and regrowth of the dorsal wall without increased load on the quarter wall.  相似文献   

犬贫血性疾病输血疗法的疗效观察     

郭延敏  任艳艳 《河南农业科学》2012,41(1):146-150

输血疗法是救治动物的一项重要措施。为了验证输血疗法的作用,对数十例贫血病病犬进行输血疗法治疗,通过血常规检查、血液生化学检查等发现患犬均患有不同程度的贫血,红细胞数、血红蛋白含量、红细胞压积均明显低于正常值,在治疗原发病的同时配合了输血疗法。经过一段时间的治疗,发现应用输血疗法治疗的患犬痊愈快,患犬的红细胞数、血红蛋白含量、红细胞压积均逐渐升高接近正常值。由此可见,输血疗法对犬贫血病的治疗效果较好。  相似文献   

金丝桃素粉剂对人工感染传染性囊病病毒鸡的疗效试验     

尚若锋  刘宇  陈炅然  郭文柱  郭志廷  梁剑平 《中国兽医杂志》2012,48(1):12-15

金丝桃素是从贯叶连翘中提取的一种极具抗病毒活性成分。为了研究金丝桃素粉剂对腔上囊的治疗效果,对20日龄雏鸡人工感染传染性囊病病毒(IBDV BC-6/85)后,以不同的剂量连续4d口服金丝桃素粉剂。通过观察腔上囊和肌肉的出血情况,以及病原分离,评价该药物对鸡传染性囊病的治疗效果。结果表明:以667.9mg/kg体重的金丝桃素粉剂连续口服给药4d,能有效的治疗传染性囊病,效果优于对照药物高免卵黄抗体。  相似文献   

“Head-to-Side-Chain” Cyclodepsipeptides of Marine Origin     

Marta Pelay-Gimeno  Judit Tulla-Puche  Fernando Albericio 《Marine drugs》2013,11(5):1693-1717

Since the late 1980s, a large number of depsipeptides that contain a new topography, referred to as “head-to-side-chain” cyclodepsipeptides, have been isolated and characterized. These peptides present a unique structural arrangement that comprises a macrocyclic region closed through an ester bond between the C-terminus and a β-hydroxyl group, and terminated with a polyketide moiety or a more simple branched aliphatic acid. This structural pattern, the presence of unique and complex residues, and relevant bioactivity are the main features shared by all the members of this new class of depsipeptides, which are reviewed herein.  相似文献   

流域尺度下地形属性对土壤质地类型变异的影响——以重庆市彭水县一小流域为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马冉  刘洪斌  武伟 《农业环境科学学报》2019,36(3):279-286

为探究流域尺度下地形属性对土壤质地类型变异的影响,以西南地区重庆市彭水县的一个流域为研究区,基于成土母质和地形因子,运用分类回归树（Classification and regression tree,CART）模型,对研究区1165个样点数据进行分析。结果表明：成土母质和地形因子均对土壤质地类型有重要影响,相对重要性较高的因子排序：成土母质（PAR） > 风效应（WindEff） > 地形湿度指数（SAGATWI）;不同母质、不同质地之间地形因子存在显著差异,风效应（WindEff）和漫射辐射（DiffuseIns）分别是奥陶系和志留系母质条件下影响土壤质地分类的相对重要性最高的地形因子;流域尺度CART模型解释率为86.3%,说明CART模型对土壤质地分类精度高。研究表明,基于成土母质和地形因子构建的模型解释效果好,影响显著,可为该地区土壤利用区划和管理提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Long-Term Cropping System, Tillage, and Poultry Litter Application Affect the Chemical Properties of an Alabama Ultisol     

Zhongqi HE  Irenus A. TAZISONG  Xinhua YIN  Dexter B. WATTS  Zachary N. SENWO  Henry Allen TORBERT 《土壤圈》2019,29(2):180-194

Sustainable agricultural practices have been steadily increasing in the last couple of decades. These management practices frequently involve cover crops, less or no-tillage, and organic fertilization. In this study, we evaluated the effects of cropping systems,tillage and no-tillage, and the application of poultry litter(PL) on selected soil physicochemical properties and soil test nutrients. Soil samples were collected from the topmost surface(0–5 cm) and subsurface(5–10 cm) layers. The general effect trend was PL application no-tillage cover crop cropping type. There were more statistically significant(P ≤ 0.05) correlations between the 18 soil attributes at the topmost surface than at the subsurface. This could be due to the accumulation of external C inputs and nutrients by crop residues and PL application as well as the retaining effects of no-tillage on less mobile nutrient components. Because of their high mobility and volatile nature, total nitrogen(N), ammonia-N(NH_4~+-N), and nitrate-N(NO_3~--N) levels varied greatly(high standard deviations), showing no consistent patterns among the treatments. Compared to the soybean cropping system, corn, especially with the wheat cover crop, contributed more to the total carbon(C) and sulfur(S) in the topmost surface soils(0–5 cm). Poultry litter application greatly increased pH, cation exchange capacity(CEC), base saturation, magnesium(Mg), phosphorus(P), calcium(Ca),sodium(Na), potassium(K), manganese(Mn), copper(Cu), and zinc(Zn) in both soil layers. Contrast comparisons revealed that PL application had more of an effect on these soil chemical properties than no-tillage and cropping systems. These results will shed light on developing better nutrient management practices while reducing their runoff potentials.  相似文献   

Has survey effort of Australia's islands reflected conservation and biogeographical significance? An assessment using Collembola     

Penelope Greenslade   《European Journal of Soil Biology》2008,44(5-6):458

Surveys of collembolan faunas of 10 of Australia's off-shore islands are recorded. The island's abiotic attributes are ranked according to their influence on species richness and endemism. The ranks are compared with rankings of the thoroughness of the survey and species richness of Collembola. The data suggest that, apart from Lord Howe Island, survey effort has been influenced to a greater extent by strategic, political and commercial interests and only rarely by any predicted conservation significance.  相似文献   

Influence of Equine Conformation on Rider Oscillation and Evaluation of Horses for Therapeutic Riding     

Akihiro MATSUURA  Emiko OHTA  Koichiro UEDA  Hiroki NAKATSUJI  Seiji KONDO 《Journal of Equine Science》2008,19(1):9-18

To obtain basic knowledge about selecting horses for therapeutic riding, the influence of equine conformation on rider oscillation and relationships between these factors and the evaluation on horses as the therapeutic riding were studied. Thirty-five riding horses were used. Equine conformation was estimated by 24 indices. Rider oscillation was measured by an accelerometer fixed at the rider’s waist. The spatial position of the oscillation was estimated by a double integration of the acceleration. Horses were evaluated for therapeutic riding by a Riding for the Disabled Association instructor as a rider. Evaluations were on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 being the highest score for 27 items. Horses were classified into 4 groups: the short and narrow (SN), short and wide (SW), tall and narrow (TN), and tall and wide (TW). The frequencies of rider oscillation both at walk and trot were higher (P<0.01), and the vertical (P<0.01) and longitudinal (P<0.05) amplitudes at trot were smaller, on short horses than on tall horses. The vertical amplitude at walk was smaller (P<0.05) and the lateral amplitude at trot was larger (P<0.01) on wide horses than on narrow horses. Short horses could be used for the rider who requires side walkers. Wide horses could be used for relieving muscular tension and for the rider who could not maintain good balance on the horse. Short and wide horses should be suitable for therapeutic riding.  相似文献   

中草药对感染球虫病肉鸡生长性能和治疗效果的影响     

刘海琴  王岩保  王亮  刘彬 《中国饲料》2019,(4):67-71

文章旨在研究日粮添加中草药对感染球虫病的1～42 d肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、组织器官相对重量及治疗效果的影响。试验选择体重一致的1日龄Cobb肉仔鸡560只,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复28只鸡。处理1组未感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮,处理2组未感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮+1 g/kg中草药,处理3组感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮,处理4组感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮+65 mg/kg盐霉素,处理5组感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮+1 g/kg中草药。试验进行42 d。球虫感染显著降低了1～21 d肉鸡日增重、料肉比和死亡率(P <0.05)。处理3组较处理1组肉鸡的日增重降低了40%(P <0.05)。日粮添加中草药后对球虫感染有缓解效果,处理5组比处理3组1～21 d肉鸡日增重提高了25%(P <0.05),料比降低了19.5%(P <0.05);处理5组较处理3组显著降低了22～42 d肉鸡日增重,提高了料肉比(P <0.05)。球虫感染添加中草药组(处理5)的胴体腹部脂肪含量最低(P <0.05)。处理3组鸡粪球虫卵数量在第5天最高,显著高于其他两个球虫感染组(P <0.05)。处理3组较处理4和5组显著提高了十二指肠的病变评分(P <0.05)。综上所述,1～42 d肉鸡日粮添加1 g/kg复合中草药添加剂混合物能适当缓解雏鸡球虫病感染的负面影响,混合中药添加剂对感染球虫肉鸡生长性能的改善及降低粪中球虫卵数量的作用与盐霉素相当。  相似文献