不同技术处理的钝齿短浆蟹淋巴液中和麻痹性贝毒毒性的效果     

陈晓  姜沛宏  林华娟 《中国水产科学》2013,20(6):1219-1224

钝齿短浆蟹(Thalamita crenata)淋巴液可以中和麻痹性贝毒(PSP)的毒性, 这个信息为PSP的降毒研究提供重要依据, 但是淋巴液处理方法是否对其毒性中和效果有影响尚不清楚。本研究采用小鼠腹腔注射法, 以淋巴液的PSP毒性中和效果为指标, 探讨抗凝剂、提取方法和冻存条件等淋巴液处理方法对其PSP毒性中和效果的影响, 为蟹淋巴液的制备提供科学依据。分析结果显示, 不同抗凝剂对淋巴液的PSP毒性中和效果有不同程度的影响, 其中EDTA抗凝剂对淋巴液的PSP毒性中和效果最好, 相对于对照组(小鼠致死时间在5 min左右), PSP-EDTA-淋巴液组的小鼠均存活。低浓度EDTA (5 mmol/L)即可起到抗凝作用并保持淋巴液较好的PSP毒性中和效果, EDTA浓度过高反而对PSP毒性中和效果产生抑制作用。在低浓度EDTA条件下, 针头抽取淋巴液的PSP毒性中和效果明显优于组织破碎法。EDTA浓度为5 mmol/L时, 在针头抽取淋巴液组中, 67%的小鼠致死时间超过30 min。相比之下, 组织破碎提取的淋巴液组的小鼠致死时间均分布在8.1~24 min。另外, 蔗糖对淋巴液的冻存起到较好的抗冷冻保护作用。以上结果表明淋巴液处理方法对其麻痹性贝毒毒性中和效果有较大影响。

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生物毒素辐照降解技术研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

靳婧  哈益明  王锋  李庆鹏  郭芹  张松山 《核农学报》2016,(10):1997-2004

食物生物毒素是导致食品不安全的重要因素之一,其中黄曲霉毒素、赭曲霉毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮、伏马菌素、微藻毒素以及贝类毒素等是比较重要的生物毒素,研究开发生物毒素降解技术对保障食品安全具有重要意义。本文综述了生物毒素的辐照降解效果、降解产物化学结构、产物毒性与安全性等,旨在阐明生物毒素辐照降解技术的优势、特点和规律,为进一步促进相关技术应用和其他生物毒素辐照降解技术研究提供借鉴。  相似文献   

The basis for rootstock resilient to Capnodis species: screening for genes encoding δ‐endotoxins from Bacillus thuringiensis     

Galina Gindin  Zvi Mendel  Bella Levitin  Pradeep Kumar  Tal Levi  Preeti Shahi  Vadim Khasdan  Dan Weinthal  Tatiana Kuznetsova  Monica Einav  Ariel Kushmaro  Alex Protasov  Arieh Zaritsky  Eitan Ben‐Dov 《Pest management science》2014,70(8):1283-1290

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一种新型生态制剂对蓝藻细胞的絮凝及藻毒素的降解   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李培栋  陶杰  戴志东  管娴月  戴传超 《安徽农业科学》2008,36(31)

[目的]考察生态制剂蓝藻净对蓝藻的絮凝作用、对微囊藻毒素的降解效果及其对水质的影响。[方法]向含有蓝藻的湖水中加入不同比例的生态制剂蓝藻净,检测蓝藻的沉淀量、微囊藻毒素的降解效果及影响水质的各项指标。[结果]湖水中加入1%~10%的蓝藻净后,24 h内80%以上的蓝藻沉淀,其中加入5%的效果最好。加入5%与10%的蓝藻净都能降解微囊藻毒素,其中加入10%蓝藻净的3d内可降解完水中和蓝藻细胞中的微囊藻毒素。加入1%葡萄糖的处理,3 d内可降解完水中和蓝藻细胞中的微囊藻毒素。加入5%蓝藻净后,水的色度、浊度、铵态氮、亚硝酸态氮、硝酸态氮、COD、凯氏N、总N都有了明显的改善。[结论]蓝藻净可以用于清除暴发的蓝藻,降解微囊藻毒素及净化水质。  相似文献   

镰刀菌毒素污染饲粮导致的断奶仔猪肝脏损伤与自然修复研究     

陈宁波  陈祥兴  杨维仁  姜淑贞  黄丽波 《动物营养学报》2017,29(12):4570-4577

本试验旨在研究阶段性饲喂镰刀菌毒素污染饲粮对仔猪血清和肝脏生化指标、抗氧化指标以及肝脏炎性细胞因子白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)mRNA相对表达量的影响。选用体重为(8.45±0.94)kg的35日龄"杜×长×大"雌性仔猪30头,随机分为3组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头猪。对照组持续饲喂基础饲粮,镰刀菌毒素组持续饲喂镰刀菌毒素污染饲粮(玉米赤霉烯酮0.90 mg/kg,呕吐毒素1.43 mg/kg,烟曲霉毒素5.85 mg/kg),自然恢复组在饲喂镰刀菌毒素污染饲粮35 d后,改饲喂基础饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期56 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,镰刀菌毒素组仔猪肝脏相对重量显著升高(P0.05),血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性显著升高(P0.05),血清总蛋白(TP)和球蛋白(GLB)含量显著降低(P0.05),血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、血清和肝脏总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著下降(P0.05),血清和肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高(P0.05);肝脏炎性细胞因子IL-1β和IL-6 mRNA相对表达量显著升高(P0.05)。2)经21 d自然恢复后,与镰刀菌毒素组相比,自然恢复组仔猪肝脏相对重量有所降低(P0.05),血清AST、ALT和ALP活性显著降低(P0.05),血清TP和GLB含量显著升高(P0.05),血清T-SOD活性显著升高(P0.05),血清和肝脏GSH-Px、肝脏T-SOD活性有所升高(P0.05),血清和肝脏M DA含量显著降低(P0.05),肝脏炎性细胞因子IL-1β和IL-6 mRNA相对表达量显著降低(P0.05)。由此可见,本试验条件下,长期饲喂镰刀菌毒素能够造成仔猪肝脏损伤,影响肝脏的抗氧化、蛋白质合成和免疫功能,而经过21 d恢复期,仔猪肝脏抗氧化和免疫功能得到了一定程度的改善。  相似文献   

毒蕈毒素及其应用     

杜秀菊  杜秀云 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(13):7172-7174

对毒蕈毒素的性质、中毒机理及其在医药和生物学领域的应用做一概述。  相似文献   

Occurrence of Lipophilic Marine Toxins in Shellfish from Galicia (NW of Spain) and Synergies among Them     

Laura P. Rodríguez  Virginia González  Aníbal Martínez  Beatriz Paz  Jorge Lago  Victoria Cordeiro  Lucía Blanco  Juan Manuel Vieites  Ana G. Cabado 《Marine drugs》2015,13(4):1666-1687

Lipophilic marine toxins pose a serious threat for consumers and an enormous economic problem for shellfish producers. Synergistic interaction among toxins may play an important role in the toxicity of shellfish and consequently in human intoxications. In order to study the toxic profile of molluscs, sampled during toxic episodes occurring in different locations in Galicia in 2014, shellfish were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), the official method for the detection of lipophilic toxins. The performance of this procedure was demonstrated to be fit for purpose and was validated in house following European guidelines. The vast majority of toxins present in shellfish belonged to the okadaic acid (OA) group and some samples from a particular area contained yessotoxin (YTX). Since these toxins occur very often with other lipophilic toxins, we evaluated the potential interactions among them. A human neuroblastoma cell line was used to study the possible synergies of OA with other lipophilic toxins. Results show that combination of OA with dinophysistoxin 2 (DTX2) or YTX enhances the toxicity triggered by OA, decreasing cell viability and cell proliferation, depending on the toxin concentration and incubation time. The effects of other lipophilic toxins as 13-desmethyl Spirolide C were also evaluated in vitro.  相似文献   

Detection of Diarrheic Shellfish Poisoning and Azaspiracid Toxins in Moroccan Mussels: Comparison of the LC-MS Method with the Commercial Immunoassay Kit   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Adra Elgarch  Paulo Vale  Saida Rifai    Aziz Fassouane 《Marine drugs》2008,6(4):587-594

Diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP) is a recurrent gastrointestinal illness in Morocco, resulting from consumption of contaminated shellfish. In order to develop a rapid and reliable technique for toxins detection, we have compared the results obtained by a commercial immunoassay-“DSP-Check” kit” with those obtained by LC-MS. Both techniques are capable of detecting the toxins in the whole flesh extract which was subjected to prior alkaline hydrolysis in order to detect simultaneously the esterified and non esterified toxin forms. The LC-MS method was found to be able to detect a high level of okadaic acid (OA), low level of dinophysistoxin-2 (DTX2), and surprisingly, traces of azaspiracids 2 (AZA2) in mussels. This is the first report of a survey carried out for azaspiracid (AZP) contamination of shellfish harvested in the coastal areas of Morocco. The “DSP-Check” kit was found to detect quantitatively DSP toxins in all contaminated samples containing only OA, provided that the parent toxins were within the range of detection and was not in an ester form. A good correlation was observed between the two methods when appropriate dilutions were performed. The immunoassay kit appeared to be more sensitive, specific and faster than LC-MS for determination of DSP in total shellfish extract.  相似文献   

Effect of extracellular products of Tenacibaculum maritimum in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L.     

R van Gelderen  J Carson  B Nowak 《Journal of fish diseases》2009,32(8):727-731

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科尔沁草地有毒植物及保障家畜安全的对策   总被引：20，自引：6，他引：20  

邢福  王正文 《草业学报》2000,9(3):66-73

为了保障家畜采食安全,对科尔沁草地有毒植物进行了大量的调查和资料整理,初步查明了科尔汤草地有毒植物植物共１６４种,隶属于４２科９３属,首次对这些有毒植物进行了生活型和水分生态类型分析,结果表明：有毒植物以多年生中生、中时时生草本植物占多数;在水分条件相对较好的草地类型或局部地段有毒植物分布较多,较常见的有毒植物所含有的主要毒物成分为生物碱、甙类化合物、匝类化合物、酚类及其衍生物、无机物和简单有机舶  相似文献