生防菌+恶霉灵最优组合的筛选及对苦瓜枯萎病的防治效果研究     

王炎峰  田叶韩  魏滟洁  高克祥 《中国蔬菜》2019,1(7):67-73

苦瓜枯萎病是由尖孢镰孢菌苦瓜专化型（Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. momordicae）侵染引起的一种土传病害，目前市场上缺乏防治效果较好的农药或生防菌剂。为了更好地防治苦瓜枯萎病，通过盆栽试验筛选出绿针假单胞菌（Pseudomonas chlororaphis）G5 与恶霉灵复配施用的最优组合，并在苦瓜枯萎病发病样地对盆栽试验筛选出的最优组合进行防效验证。试验结果表明：菌药组合B+0.75Hym（1×10⁹ cfu · mL^-1 G5 菌悬液+187.5 mg · L-¹ 恶霉灵）处理对盆栽苦瓜枯萎病的防病效果为81.60%，明显高于其他处理；同时该组合对苦瓜幼苗的促生作用最为明显。接种苦瓜枯萎病菌后，菌药组合B+0.75Hym的苦瓜叶片中PAL、PPO、POD 防御酶活性较高。田间防效验证试验中苦瓜苗移栽30、60 d 后菌药组合B+0.75Hym 对苦瓜枯萎病的防治效果较高，分别达到了52.59%、32.13%，且苦瓜产量也高于其他处理。表明盆栽试验筛选出的菌药最优组合B+0.75Hym 不仅能够降低农药的使用量，而且能够有效防治苦瓜枯萎病，提高苦瓜产量，有一定的生产实用价值。  相似文献   

质核互作型不育系阜CMS5A大豆的选育及应用     

李智 《现代农业科技》2015,(13)

阐述了质核互作型不育系阜CMS5A大豆的选育经过,总结了其特征特性,并分析了其应用成效,以供参考。  相似文献   

3S技术在林业资源调查上的应用研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

孙东辉 《林业勘查设计》2011,(1)

全球定位系统(GPS)、地理信息系统(GIS)以及遥感技术(RS)合称为3S技术,已在各个领域得到广泛应用。本文从实践角度对3S技术在林业资源调查上的应用进行了分析和探讨。  相似文献   

小麦转录因子TaMYB5 like转录自激活能力及其参与生理型花粉败育过程表达模式研究     

王芮  唐鹏  单思聪  牛娜  闵东红  马守才  王军卫  孙联合  张改生  宋瑜龙 《麦类作物学报》2023,43(9):1093-1104

化学杂交剂SQ-1诱导的小麦花粉败育是一个复杂的生理代谢过程，TaMYB5-like被发现参与此过程。为了解TaMYB5-like基因在SQ-1诱导小麦生理型花粉败育过程中的作用，以SQ-1诱导的小麦生理型雄性不育系PHYMS-1376和对照可育系CK-1376四分体、单核早期、单核晚期、二核期和三核期花药为试验材料，克隆TaMYB5-like基因，并对其进行序列结构、生物信息学、表达模式、亚细胞定位及转录自激活效应分析。结果发现，TaMYB5-like基因序列长5 207 bp，其cDNA长为1 133 bp，其中CDS序列长819 bp，编码272个氨基酸，含有2个SANT结构域，分子量为29.36 kDa，无信号肽，无跨膜结构，亚细胞定位在细胞核内；TaMYB5-like基因启动子涉及光响应、逆境胁迫响应、茉莉酸甲酯响应等顺式作用元件。自激活效应发现，TaMYB5-like蛋白的自激活区段位于N端，合适浓度的AbA和3-AT可以抑制BD-TaMYB5-like和BD-TaMYB5-like-N-SANT融合蛋白的自激活性；随着蛋白质氨基酸序列的截断，自激活性呈降低趋势。与CK-1376相比，PHYMS-1376四分体和单核早期花药中TaMYB5-like表达量差异不显著；花药发育到单核晚期、二核期和三核期时，TaMYB5-like表达量显著增加；CK-1376和PHYMS-1376三核期时花药内TaMYB5-like表达量均最高。  相似文献   

A calibration method of detecting soil water content based on the information-sharing in wireless sensor network   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Rong-biao ZhangJing-jing Guo  Lei ZhangYe-cheng Zhang  Li-hong WangQi Wang 《Computers and Electronics in Agriculture》2011,76(2):161-168

In agricultural production, there is contradiction between the cost and accuracy of detection during the course of acquiring soil water content (θ) online. This conflict is one of the core issues of automatic water-saving irrigation technology in agriculture. At the same time, capacitive soil moisture sensor (CSMS) has received considerable attention, for it can acquire θ with low cost and high precision, and meet the application requirements of wireless sensor network (WSN). But CSMS is vulnerable to the soil temperature (T_s) and salinity (S_s) in the measurement process. Therefore, this study took EC-5 sensor for example to establish water detection calibration models of soil temperature and salinity for single sensor, using Least Squares Support Vector Machines on MatLAB (LS-SVMlab) as the tool. On this basis, we explored the spatial variability of T_s and S_s, and then a method, which could be used to calibrate the output signals of sensors in multi-point network, was proposed based on the information-sharing (T_s or S_s) technology of WSN. Through laboratory experiment, we effectively reduced the impact of soil temperature and salinity on the single sensor. In example analysis, we investigated the detection precision and costs under different information-sharing radiuses (r). And the results indicated that the method we proposed based on the information-sharing technology of WSN could successfully calibrate the influence of soil temperature and salinity on sensors in multi-point network, and it was an efficacious approach to determine the balance between the calibration accuracy of moisture sensor and the investment of agricultural production. For example, while the calibration precision of soil temperature and salinity is respectively 1%, the costs can be reduced by 30%.  相似文献   

甘蓝型油菜茎秆菌核病抗性与木质素及其单体比例的相关性分析及QTL定位     

陈雪萍  荆凌云  王嘉  荐红举  梅家琴  徐新福  李加纳  刘列钊 《作物学报》2017,43(9):1280-1289

菌核病是一类非专一性的植物真菌病原菌，寄主范围广泛，严重危害农作物的生产。对高世代重组自交系群体(RIL)及F₂群体终花期茎秆进行菌核病抗性接种鉴定，根据构建的近红外模型对接种鉴定的茎秆木质素含量、单体组分比例进行测定，并进行相关性分析和QTL定位。结果表明在2013年和2014年RIL群体茎秆菌斑大小与木质素含量呈极显著负相关，相关系数分别为–0.348和–0.286，与单体G/S呈显著正相关，相关系数分别为0.198和0.167。2014年F₂群体菌斑大小与木质素含量呈极显著负相关，相关系数为–0.306，与单体G/S相关性为0.142。F_2:3家系抗(感)植株茎部切片间苯三酚染色观察表明抗性较强的材料木质素含量高于抗性较弱的材料。根据已构建的重组自交系高密度SNP遗传图谱，利用复合区间作图法对上述性状进行QTL分析，共检测到18个QTL，其中9个菌核病抗性相关QTL分布于A05、A06、C04和C06染色体，单个QTL可解释的表型变异为2.38%~12.05%；3个木质素含量QTL分别位于A04、A05和C01染色体，单个QTL可解释表型变异的2.03%~13.75%。6个木质素单体G/S QTL分布于A08、C03和C07染色体，单个QTL可解释表型变异的2.06%~8.66%。本文研究结果为油菜菌核病抗性育种提供了新的思路和理论基础。  相似文献   

Quizalofop‐p‐ethyl resistance in Polypogon fugax involves glutathione S‐transferases     

Wen Chen  Lamei Wu  Junzhi Wang  Qin Yu  Lianyang Bai  Lang Pan 《Pest management science》2020,76(11):3800-3805

  相似文献   

Identification and Molecular Characteristics Analysis of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Variants     

ZHANG Zhi  CHENG Xiao-na  FAN Ya-ting  DONG Ya-qin  LIU Shuang  WU Fa-xing  SHAO Wei-xing  LI Xiao-cheng 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(7):1654-1660

To ascertain a diarrhea case in a pig farm in Shandong province,the pathological changes of dead piglets were observed and nested RT-PCR test was carried out on 7 diarrhea samples for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV).Pathological examination revealed that intestine was detected as enlargement,hyperemia and edema.After histological examination,the typical microscopic lesions of intestine were disappearance of epithelial cells,villus shrinkage and shortening.The result of nested RT-PCR showed that all of the 7 samples could amplify a specific target band of PEDV.Molecular characteristics of two field strains showed that they had an amino acid homology of 92.3% to 92.4% with vaccine CV777 and 96.6% to 98.6% with other previous field strains which sequences were downloaded from GenBank.Phylogenetic tree analysis further revealed that all of PEDV strains could be mainly divided into two clusters of G1 and G2. G2 consisted of the field strains of our study and other field strains from USA,China and so on,which had the same sequence characteristics of two insertions and one deletion,while G1 consisted of all vaccines of CV777 and several older field strains from China and Korea.These results indicated that our field strains were the dominant strains in recent epidemic diarrhea occurrence.Moreover,its molecular characteristics might be a characterization of differentiating the field and vaccine strains.  相似文献   

C语言在线评价与测试系统的开发与探讨     

王淑艳 《吉林农业科技学院学报》2014,(1):52-54

随着网络教育的发展,接受网络教育和考试认证的人越来越多,在线考试正在得以迅速发展.本文简要介绍在线系统工作原理和系统配置.  相似文献   

番茄ShARPC5抗白粉病功能分析     

冯婵婧  孙广正  王阳  马青 《中国农业科学》2020,53(1):65-73

【目的】白粉病（powdery mildew）是番茄生产上的重要病害,严重影响番茄的产量。番茄基因组测序工作的完成为抗病基因挖掘提供了重要的信息资源。ARP2/3（actin-related protein 2 and 3）复合体是肌动蛋白微丝骨架动力学的主要调控因子,能够参与包括响应外界胁迫等多种细胞学过程。本研究通过对番茄ARPC5（actin-related protein C5）进行克隆和抗病功能验证,为番茄基因组信息完善、抗病机制解析和分子育种等方面打下基础。【方法】从番茄LA1777（Solanum habrochaites）cDNA中PCR扩增ShARPC5,使用DNAMAN 6.0进行多序列比对;MEGA 6.0构建系统发育树;应用在线工具ProtComp v. 9.0进行亚细胞定位预测。利用实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）比较接种白粉菌（Oidium neolycopersici,On-Lz）后高感品种Moneymaker（MM）和高抗品种LA1777中番茄ARPC5的表达特征,分析白粉菌侵染与ARPC5表达的相关性。应用病毒诱导的基因沉默（virus-induced gene silencing,VIGS）技术进一步验证该基因在番茄中的抗病功能,观察沉默株和野生型株系接种后表型变化,利用台盼蓝和DAB染色法检测植株产生过敏性坏死和H₂O₂的能力,并检测ShARPC5沉默后一些与植物抗病相关标记基因的表达变化。采用农杆菌浸花法遗传转化拟南芥过表达ShARPC5植株,观察转基因和野生型株系接种后表型变化,并统计单病斑分生孢子数。【结果】从番茄品种LA1777中克隆到ShARPC5,编码132个氨基酸残基,包含一个保守的P16-Arc结构域。与番茄MM-白粉菌亲和互作相比,非亲和互作的番茄品种LA1777在接种白粉菌后,ShARPC5显著上调表达,尤其在接种后18 h。在番茄上沉默ShARPC5能够增加植株对白粉菌On-Lz的敏感性,防卫反应基因PR1b1显著下调表达。组织学观察显示与对照植株相比,ShARPC5沉默植株接种后诱导产生过敏性坏死和活性氧减少。在烟草上瞬时过表达ShARPC5能够诱导产生坏死斑。相反,在拟南芥上过表达ShARPC5能够增加植物的抗病性。【结论】ShARPC5是番茄响应白粉菌侵染的重要基因,可减轻番茄白粉病的发病程度,在番茄抗白粉病机理研究方面具有较大的应用价值,可作为番茄抗白粉病分子育种的一个候选基因。  相似文献