草鱼等8种淡水鱼血清凝集素作用的比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴超  陆承平 《南京农业大学学报》2004,27(2):79-82

选取8种常见养殖鱼：团头鲂、二龄草鱼与4～5月龄草鱼、加州鲈、银鲫、胡子鲇、鲢、鳙和黄鳝，采其血清，检测其对人和不同动物红细胞的凝集作用，并比较不同糖、酶、理化因素和脂溶剂等对鱼血清凝集兔红细胞的影响。试验显示，草鱼等8种常见养殖鱼血清对人和不同动物的红细胞均有一定的凝集作用，表明均存在血清凝集素。黄鳝、二龄草鱼血清凝集效价较高，二龄草鱼血清凝集效价远高于4～5月龄草鱼。兔红细胞经胰蛋白酶修饰后，不同鱼血清对其凝集效价显升高；甘露糖、半乳糖和乳糖对鱼血清凝集素凝集活性有较强的抑制作用；EDTA、巯基乙醇与胰蛋白酶等均能导致草鱼等血清凝集素凝集活性的下降。  相似文献   

Dietary beta-1,3 glucan potentiates innate immunity and disease resistance of Asian catfish, Clarias batrachus (L.)     

Kumari J  Sahoo PK 《Journal of fish diseases》2006,29(2):95-101

This study investigated the effects of short and prolonged administration of a yeast beta-glucan on non-specific immune parameters, growth rate and the disease resistance of Asian catfish, Clarias batrachus. Fish fed with a basal diet (control) and test diet (basal diet supplemented with 0.1% glucan) for 1, 2 and 3 weeks were assayed for superoxide production, serum myeloperoxidase (MPO) content, natural haemagglutinin level, complement and lysozyme activities. Fish were weighed at weekly intervals and specific growth rate (SGR, % increase in body weight per day) was determined. After each week, fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila to measure the level of protection. Results showed that glucan administration at 0.1% in feed, significantly (P<0.05) enhanced MPO and lysozyme levels, superoxide production, haemagglutination titre and level of protection against A. hydrophila challenge, irrespective of length of exposure. The alternative complement activity and SGR were not affected by the dietary supplementation of yeast glucan. As glucan feeding at 0.1% for 1 week is able to enhance the non-specific immunity and disease resistance of catfish efficiently, short-term feeding might be used in farmed catfish diets to enhance disease resistance.  相似文献   

Assessment of Levels and Potential Health Risk of Heavy Metals in Water and Selected Fish Species from the Benue-Niger River Confluence,Lokoja, Nigeria     

NR. Ekere  NM Yakubu  JN Ihedioha 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2018,27(7):772-782

The concentrations of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) in water and selected fish species (Oreochromis nilzinc (oticus and Clarias gariepinus) from Benue-Niger River Confluence, Nigeria were investigated. The water and fish sample digests were quantified using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The study aimed to assess any possible human health risk associated with water and fish consumption from the selected geographical area. The concentration of the metals in the surface water ranged from 0.007 to 0.039, 0.106 to 0.240, 0.092 to 0.0164, 0.682 to 0.878, 0.058 to 0.309, and 0.136 to 1.645 mg/L for Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn, respectively, while the concentrations of the metals, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Fe in these fish species ranged from 0.034 to 0.679, 0.500 to 1.75, 0.152 to 0.351, 0.36 to 1.01, 5.32 to 7.41, and 4.25 to 9.17 mg/kg, respectively. Cd, Cr, and Pb levels in fish were higher than the provisional tolerable weekly intake of 7, 1.5, and 25 μg/kg bw, respectively, according to the World Health Organization. Dry season values of the metals in water samples were higher, and sharptooth catfish had higher amounts of the metals. The hazard quotient (HQ) for Cd indicated a possible potential health concern with fish consumption from this area.  相似文献   

Use of full-fat winged bean Psophocarpus tetragonolobus seed meal as a protein feedstuff in fish-meal free diets for African catfish Clarias gariepinus     

Fagbenro 《Aquaculture Nutrition》1999,5(3):199-204

Mature winged bean Psophocarpus tetragonolobus seeds were quick-cooked and the full-fat meal derived was used to completely replace menhaden fish meal as a dietary protein source for the African catfish Clarias gariepinus . Five dry practical diets (400 g crude protein kg⁻¹ and 17.5 kJ gross energy g⁻¹ dry diet) containing menhaden fish meal (diet 1) or winged bean meal with or without graded levels of supplemental L -methionine (diets 2, 3, 4 and 5; 0, 5, 10 and 15 g kg⁻¹, respectively) were fed to catfish fingerlings (5.8  +  1.2 g) for 70 days. Weight gain, growth rate, feed conversion and protein utilization by catfish fed a winged bean meal diet without L -methionine supplementation (diet 2) was inferior ( P  > 0.05) to that in catfish fed the other diets, where performance differed nonsignificantly. Carcass protein of catfish was lower ( P  < 0.05) while liver protein was higher ( P  < 0.05) in catfish fed the winged bean meal diet without methionine supplementation. Results suggest that winged bean meal cannot replace fish meal as a protein source in catfish diets except with a minimum supplementation with 5 g L -methionine kg⁻¹ diet.  相似文献   

Dietary supplementation of autolysed yeast enhances growth,liver functionality and intestinal morphology in African catfish     

Ayodeji A. Adeoye  Sam O. Obasa  Femi J. Fawole  Alex H. L. Wan  Simon J. Davies 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(3):772-780

A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the potential of dietary supplementation of autolysed brewer's yeast (AY) on African catfish. The catfish (22.5 ± 1.15 g/fish, 20 fish 33 L/tank) were fed with either of diets (390 g/kg crude protein, 140 g/kg lipid) supplemented with 0, 3, 6 or 10 g/kg AY (n = 3). After 49 days of feeding, the final body weight and metabolic growth rate of the catfish fed 3 g/kg AY (3‐AY) diet were higher than those fed the control diet (p < .05). The lowest level (p < .05) of alanine transaminase was detected in the blood of the catfish fed 3‐AY diet. The mid‐intestinal histology of the catfish revealed no significant difference (p > .05) in intestinal perimeter ratio. However, an elevated (p < .05) abundance of goblet cells and intraepithelial leucocytes were found in the intestine of catfish fed 3, 6 and 10 g/kg AY diets, with the highest level of abundance recorded in the mid‐intestine of the catfish fed 3‐AY diet. The results suggest that dietary 3 g/kg autolysed brewer's yeast supplementation improves growth performance of African catfish without deleterious effect on liver functionality and gut morphology.  相似文献   

Feeding gelatinized carbohydrate in the diets of magur,Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus, 1758): Effects on growth performance,enzyme activities and expression of muscle regulatory factors     

Avinash Talukdar  Sarvendra Kumar  Tincy Varghese  Kamal K. Jain  Narottam P. Sahu  Sujata Sahoo 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(3):765-777

This study was conducted to illustrate the effect of dietary gelatinized starch (GS) on the growth performance, enzyme activities and expression of MyoD and Myf5 in magur, Clarias batrachus fingerlings. Four iso‐nitrogenous (37%) and iso‐lipidic (6%) diets containing 15% (D‐1), 25% (D‐2), 35% (D‐3) or 45% (D‐4) GS were fed to 240 fingerlings (2.5 ± 0.5 g) in triplicates groups for 8 weeks. The maximum weight gain %, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, lower FCR and higher mRNA expression of MyoD or Myf5 were found in the D‐3 group fed with 35% GS. Higher hepatosomatic index, viscerosomatic index, body lipid and lower moisture content were found in the D‐4 group. Aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase activities were found to be higher in the D‐1 group. Amylase, glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase and blood glucose were higher in the D‐4 group. Superoxide dismutase, catalase and hexokinase activities remain unaffected by the dietary GS levels. Hence, the overall results indicate that 35% GS can improve growth performance and upregulate myogenic regulatory factors, but 45% GS level will favor lipogenesis and compromise growth. Furthermore, Myf5 gene showed more immediate response than the MyoD to the dietary carbohydrate in magur.  相似文献   

The urogenital papillae as an indicator of sexual maturity in male African catfish,Clarias gariepinus, (Burchell, 1822)     

Jamie‐Lee Das Neves  Helene Coetzee  Irene Barnhoorn  Ina Wagenaar 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(12):3519-3527

The present study investigated a non‐invasive method based on macroscopic morphological features of male Clarias gariepinus for the assessment of sexual maturity stage. As African catfish cannot be stripped for semen as in most other fish species; they have to be killed to obtain semen from the testes. This method could be used to ensure that males used to obtain sperm are sexually mature to increase the concentration and quality of mature sperm for egg fertilization in the production of C. gariepinus. Morphological features including the length and width of the urogenital papillae (UGP), an external secondary sexual characteristic of C. gariepinus (n = 89) were measured and calculated as a percentage of total body length. The urogenital papillae length (L_UGP) and width (W_UGP) index of each fish were used and compared with the macroscopic and microscopic maturity stage of the testes. The results revealed that although positive, a significant correlation does not exist between the L_UGP or W_UGP and maturity stage of the testes. Therefore, although this procedure would be valuable as an initial non‐invasive assessment of maturity, it does not provide an accurate or reliable indication of the maturity stage of the fish.  相似文献