单胚槾橘×多胚岩溪晚芦槿柑多胚种子的胚分离培养及后代的叶形态和SSR鉴定     

彭祝春  龚桂芝  马喜军  洪棋斌 《果树学报》2012,(1):1-5,158

继首次报道单胚清见与多胚桠柑杂交产生高比例多胚种子后,在单胚棱橘（Citrus tardiferax Hort．ex Tan）与多胚岩溪晚芦桠柑（Citrus reticulata Blanco）的杂交组合中,又发现高比例多胚种子,其比例一般为30％左右。为探明多胚来源,对多胚进行了分胚组织培养,获得同一种子来源的多胚...  相似文献   

A new alternative for embryo transfer and artificial insemination in mares: ultrasound-guided intrauterine injection     

L. A. Silva DVM  E. L. Gastal DVM  M. O. Gastal DVM  J. C. F. Jacob DVM  C. P. Reis DVM  O. J. Ginther VMD   《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2004,24(8):324-332

A transvaginal ultrasound-guided intrauterine injection (IUI) technique was developed for embryo transfer and for injection of small quantities of sperm in mares. The target area of a horn was positioned by transrectal manipulation against the wall of the vaginal fornix over the face of a transvaginal transducer. A needle with a catheter containing the embryo or semen was inserted through the needle guide of the transducer into the uterine lumen. The tips of the needle and catheter, the movement of the catheter in the uterine lumen, and the ejection of fluid was monitored on the ultrasound screen. Pregnancy rate 15 days after ovulation for the IUI embryo transfer technique (30/39, 77%) was similar to the pregnancy rate for transcervical (TC) embryo transfer (30/38, 79%). The pregnancy rate for IUI insemination of 20 × 10⁶ progressively motile sperm into the tip of the uterine horn ipsilateral to ovulation was 5/10 (50%). Results indicated that the IUI approach is a viable alternative for embryo transfer. Results also supported the potential of IUI for insemination of low numbers of sperm, but more extensive studies with various doses of sperm are needed.  相似文献   

Some Factors Affecting the Rate of Pregnancy after Embryo Transfer Derived from the Brazilian Jumper Horse Breed     

Carlos Eduardo Camargo  Romildo Romualdo Weiss  Luiz Ernandes Kozicki  Marilia Pastorello Duarte  Mario Cesar Garcia Duarte  Diego Lunelli  Saulo Weber  Renata Azevedo de Abreu 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of certain embryo transfer parameters on the pregnancy rate after equine embryo transfer of the Brazilian Jumper Horse breed. The size, embryonic development stage, embryo quality, and synchronization of ovulation between the donor (n = 120) and recipient (n = 420) were evaluated in 396 embryos. Embryo recovery was performed on Day 6-9 after ovulation (Day 0 = day of ovulation). The recipient mares were chosen on the day of embryo recovery, and the transfers were performed that same day. The embryo size (diameter including envelopes; n = 396) ranged from 150 to 3000 μm; 67.1% measured between 400 and 1199 μm. The embryo size (400-1199 μm vs. ≤399 μm); stage of development (n = 396; blastocyst and expanded blastocyst versus compact morula and early blastocyst); quality (n = 396; grade 1 [excellent]), 2 [good], or 3 [poor]); and synchronization of ovulation between the donor and recipient (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 days versus −1, 5, and 6 days, respectively) all affected pregnancy rate (P < .05). The pregnancy rate did not differ significantly among transfers performed on Days 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4. In conclusion, embryos measuring 400-1199 μm produced higher pregnancy rates in recipients than embryos measuring 150-399 μm, and blastocysts and expanded blastocysts produced pregnancy more efficiently than morulae and early blastocysts. The embryo quality also affected the pregnancy rate. Synchronization of donor and recipient ovulation to Days 0-4 improved the efficiency of embryo transplant.  相似文献   

Effect of Maternal Age on the Ratio of Cleavage and Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number in Early Developmental Stage Bovine Embryos     

Shun TAKEO  Hiroya GOTO  Takehito KUWAYAMA  Yasunori MONJI  Hisataka IWATA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(2):174-179

Age-associated deterioration in both the quality and quantity of mitochondria occurs in older women. The main aim of this study was to examine the effect of age on mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA number) in early developmental stage bovine embryos as well as the dynamics of mtDNA number during early embryo development. Real-time PCR was used to determine mtDNA number. In vitro-produced embryos 48 h after insemination derived from Japanese black cows, ranging in age from 25 to 209 months were categorized based on their cleavage status. There was an overall negative relationship between the age of the cow and cleavage status, to the extent that the ratio of embryos cleaved over the 4-cell stage was greater in younger cows. The mtDNA number did not differ among the cleaved status of embryos. In the next experiment, oocytes collected from each donor cow were divided into 2 groups containing 10 oocytes each, in order to compare the mtDNA number of mature oocytes and early developmental stage embryos within individuals. Upon comparing the mtDNA number between oocytes at the M2 stage and early developmental stage 48 h post insemination, mtDNA number was found to decrease in most cows, but was found to increase in some cows. In conclusion, age affects the cleaving ability of oocytes, and very old cows (> 180 months) tend to have lower mtDNA numbers in their oocytes. The change in mtDNA number during early development varied among individual cows, although overall, it showed a tendency to decrease.  相似文献   

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species regulate porcine embryo development during pre-implantation period: A mini-review     

Zhen Luo  Jianbo Yao  Jianxiong Xu 《动物营养（英文）》2021,7(3):823-828

Significant porcine embryonic loss occurs during conceptus morphological elongation and attachment from d 10 to 20 of pregnancy, which directly decreases the reproductive efficiency of sows. A successful establishment of pregnancy mainly depends on the endometrium receptivity, embryo quality, and utero-placental microenvironment, which requires complex cross-talk between the conceptus and uterus. The understanding of the molecular mechanism regulating the uterine-conceptus communication during porcine conceptus elongation and attachment has developed in the past decades. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, which are intracellular reactive metabolites that regulate cell fate decisions and alter their biological functions, have recently reportedly been involved in porcine conceptus elongation and attachment. This mini-review will mainly focus on the recent researches about the role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in regulating porcine embryo development during the pre-implantation period.  相似文献   

Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species regulate mitochondrial biogenesis in porcine embryos     

Mio KAGEYAMA  Jun ITO  Koumei SHIRASUNA  Takehito KUWAYAMA  Hisataka IWATA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2021,67(2):141

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Advances in Holding and Cryopreservation of Equine Oocytes and Embryos     

《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2020

Methods for holding of oocytes and embryos during shipment as well as for their cryopreservation can greatly aid equine reproductive management. Oocytes can be held at room temperature overnight or at cooler temperatures for two nights without affecting maturation or embryo development after intracytoplasmic sperm injection. In contrast, methods for cryopreservation of equine oocytes that support high rates of embryo development have not yet been established. Equine embryos may be held overnight at temperatures from 5°C to 19°C without reduction in viability, but longer holding periods, or higher holding temperatures, may be detrimental. Small equine embryos (<300 μm), either in vivo derived or in vitro produced, can be slow frozen or vitrified successfully. In the last decade, methods have been developed to allow in vivo–derived expanded blastocysts, up to Day 8, to be vitrified successfully after blastocoele collapse. These methods of shipment and preservation allow mare owners in remote locations to have access to sophisticated assisted reproductive technologies.  相似文献   

牛胚胎移植产业化超数排卵的系统研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘俊平  刘凤军  安志兴  王勇胜  赵雪  张志平  张涌 《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2008,(2):12-17

为了提高供体牛的利用率,加速胚胎移植技术的产业化,试验系统地研究了超排方案、青年奶牛的月龄及发情周期不同阶段、重复超排次数、超排间隔时间、卵巢状态、胎次与产后间隔时间对超排效果的影响,共超排供体奶牛1 127头次,回收胚胎共10 900枚,可用胚胎数量为6 942枚,平均每头次获得胚胎数量为6.73枚.结果表明:①应用PSO1、PSO2和 PSO3三种方案进行超排处理,PSO3方案的超排成功率和平均回收可用胚胎数均高于其他两个方案;②利用发情周期9～11 d的自然发情奶牛直接超排效果最好;③对青年奶牛进行超排处理,应限制超排起始时间,15月龄以上的青年奶牛超排效果较好;④供体牛连续重复超排控制在3次以内,连续4次超排处理后极大降低胚胎可用率;⑤超排处理的间隔最短时间应该选择46～60 d;⑥经产牛1～3胎次超排效果较好,7胎次以上较差;⑦产后间隔时间选取80～90 d.  相似文献   

中西药对影响奶牛胚胎移植效率的繁殖疾病疗效的对比     

刘俊平  刘凤军  王勇胜  赵雪  张志平  安志兴  张涌 《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2008,(3):9-14

为了提高供体牛的利用率,加速胚胎移植技术的推广和应用,试验对比了中药和西药对几种影响奶牛胚胎移植效率的繁殖疾病的疗效.结果表明:①激素疗法中GnRH一次治疗卵巢囊肿的治愈率为83.0%,GnRH PG治愈率为86.4%,中药内服一个疗程治愈率为73.8%,GnRH 中药内服治愈率为87.4%;各治疗组治愈后第一情期受胎率分别为52.3%、54.4%、58.1%和55.3%.②黄体退化不全形成硬肿的供体奶牛经2个疗程内服中药治疗,总治愈率91.3%,治愈母牛再次用于超排,所获胚胎数量及可利用率与正常母牛没有显著差异.对持久黄体的治疗以促孕灌注液和激素疗法中PG注射效果最好,治愈率分别为85.9%和89.1%;治愈后2个情期受胎率分别为77.6%和75.5%.③卵巢机能减退4个治疗组中,FSH LH组、PMsG hCG组、促孕灌注液组和中药内服组的治愈率分别为75.6%、63.8%、73.8%和82.5%;治愈后2个情期受胎率分别为62.9%、58.2%、65.7%和67.3%.④治疗慢性子宫内膜炎以土霉素油剂和促孕灌注液效果较好,治愈率分别为85.4%和84.8%,治愈后2个情期受胎率分别为83.9%和82.0%;PG注射治愈率为76.3%,治愈后2个情期受胎率为78.9%;中药内服组治愈率为79.4%,治愈后2个情期受胎率为84.7%.⑤为预防胚胎死亡采取3种控制措施,对照组、P4补充组、hCG组和内服中药组人工授精后的受胎率分别为53.3%、56.1%、62.1%和58.3%;胚胎移植后受胎率分别为43.3%、49.2%、53.3%和55.3%.治疗组的受胎率均有不同程度的提高.  相似文献   

毛百合×有斑百合种间杂种的育成   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

关婧竹  雷家军 《北方园艺》2008,(4):155-157

以毛百合(Lilium dauricum)为母本、有斑百合(L.concolor var.prlchellum)为父本进行常规杂交,通过胚培养成功获得了种间远缘杂交种,对种问杂交亲和性、胚培养和杂种的形态特征进行了调查研究.结果表明:毛百合×有斑百合蒴果膨大率达46.1%,种子有胚率为1.30%,胚培养萌发率为15.2%;4个杂交后代生长旺盛,株高表现出较明显的超亲现象,其他性状呈趋中趋势,杂种植株的花色更偏向橙色.4个杂交后代虽然在花色上与亲本有一定差异,但其它性状均具有双亲的特征,从形态上能证明是真杂种.  相似文献