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21.
2013年,河北、天津等地区养殖的凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)育苗期出现死苗、出苗率低的情况,生产上,仔虾个体大小差异较大,造成了严重损失.本研究采用荧光定量PCR方法(Real-time PCR)对天津大港地区采集的108尾凡纳滨对虾仔虾样品进行单尾病原检测.结果显示,传染性皮下及造血组织坏死病毒(Infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus,IHHNV)和虾肝肠胞虫(Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei,EHP)均有检出.IHHNV阳性检出率100％,每微克对虾组织DNA的病毒拷贝数为103-107,且个体较大的样品(1.2-2.0 cm)携带病毒拷贝数偏高;EHP阳性检出率为49.1％,每微克对虾组织DNA的拷贝数为103-105,且集中于个体较小样品(0.7-1.1 cm).对IHHNV和EHP阳性凡纳滨对虾样品进行生物学体长与病毒载量指数相关性分析,显示IHHNV载量指数与对虾生长速率呈正相关,虾组织IHHNV平均载量达8.51×104 copies/μg DNA,为较高的感染水平;EHP的载量与对虾生长速率呈负相关关系,与较大个体阳性检出率较低相对应,虾组织EHP平均载量达到2.19× 104 copies/μg DNA,为较高的感染水平.由此,该批凡纳滨对虾仔虾患病为IHHNV和EHP的混合感染所致,本研究数据为IHHNV和EHP病原混合感染流行情况及其对养殖育苗期仔虾生长的影响提供科学依据. 相似文献
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Xinchao LIU Li TANG Wenchao LI Charles LI Youfang GU 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(1):40
To investigate the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi from large-scale cattle farms in Anhui Province, 955 fecal samples were collected from 16 cattle farms from March to October 2018, which included six dairy farms (526), seven yellow cattle farms (323), and three water buffalo farms (106) in different regions of Anhui Province. PCR was conducted on all fecal samples using the 18S ribosomal RNA of Cryptosporidium spp. and internal transcribed spacer gene of E. bieneusi to detect these two pathogens, and the positive samples were sequenced and analyzed. The results showed that 23 (2.4%) and 40 (4.2%) out of the 955 samples were positive for Cryptosporidium spp. and E. bieneusi, respectively. There were 11 (2.1%), 10 (3.1%), and 2 (1.9%) positive samples of Cryptosporidium spp. and 16 (3.0%), 23 (7.1%), and 1 (0.9%) positive samples of E. bieneusi collected from dairy cattle, yellow cattle, and water buffalo, respectively, and no co-infection was identified in this study. All positive samples of Cryptosporidium spp. were C. andersoni with some variations. Ten E. bieneusi genotypes were obtained, including two known genotypes, J and CHN11, and eight new genotypes, named AHDC1 and AHYC1-7. The genotype CHN11 belonged to zoonotic Group 1, and the other nine genotypes belonged to Group 2, which is mainly documented in ruminants. These results indicated that Cryptosporidium spp. and E. bieneusi infections were present in large-scale cattle farms in Anhui Province. Therefore, attention should be paid to the development of containment strategies of these two pathogens in cattle. 相似文献
23.
为解决近年来辽宁地区凡纳滨对虾Litopenaeus vannamei病害频发的问题,于2015年8月从辽宁省盘锦、营口地区26个发病的凡纳滨对虾养殖池塘中随机采集病虾样本,采用聚合酶链式反应(Polymerase Chain Reaction,PCR)检测对虾传染性皮下及造血组织坏死病毒(IHHNV)、对虾白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)和对虾桃拉综合征病毒(TSV),并用环介导等温扩增(Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplication,LAMP)技术检测虾肝肠胞虫Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei(EHP)的感染情况。结果表明:IHHNV和EHP的检出率较高,分别为65.4%和34.6%,WSSV和TSV的检出率分别为19.2%和7.7%;EHP的检出率与对虾体型大小密切相关,在小虾样本中检出的阳性率高达100%,而大虾样本中均未检出;26份对虾样本中有7份样本同时携带EHP和IHHNV。研究表明,IHHNV和EHP是2015年8月辽宁地区凡纳滨对虾的主要流行病原,发病率可能与对虾生长缓慢、个体大小差异明显相关。 相似文献
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为探究虾肝肠胞虫(Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei, EHP)感染对脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)肠道菌群的影响,本研究基于16S rRNA基因的测序结果,对感染EHP的脊尾白虾肠道菌群进行了分析。结果显示,感染虾与健康虾肠道菌群差异较大,且其肠道菌群结构多样性显著低于健康虾。研究发现,病虾中归属于变形菌门(Proteobacteria)的脱硫弧菌科(Desulfovibrionaceae)、弧菌科(Vibrionaceae)、未分类蓝细菌科(unidentified Cyanobacteria)、支原体科(Mycoplasmataceae)和未分类α变形菌科(unidentified Alphaproteobacteria)为优势菌,而归属于厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)的乳杆菌科(Lactobacillaceae)、双歧杆菌科(Bifidobacteriaceae)、芽孢杆菌科(Bacillaceae)及噬几丁质杆菌科(Chitinophagaceae)细菌在健康虾中占据优势地位。EHP侵蚀导致感染虾肠道内潜在致病菌显著增加(P<0.05),增加了其他疾病的易感性。此外,通过Tax4Fun功能预测,发现感染虾肠道菌群主要用于新陈代谢,从而抵抗EHP侵染,维持机体正常功能;健康虾肠道菌群则多用于个体生长与环境信息处理,进而保证生长与存活。本研究从虾肠道菌群结构方面入手,进一步探究了EHP感染对脊尾白虾肠道菌群的影响,以期为EHP的防治提供帮助。 相似文献