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31.
采用盐度渐变的方法,研究了盐度2、10、18、26、34共5个梯度对四指马鲅幼鱼(7.82± 0.43 g)生长及其鳃丝Na+/K+-ATP酶的影响.结果表明,盐度对四指马鲅幼鱼的生长和存活均有不同程度的影响.在实验盐度范围内,随着盐度的升高,四指马鲅幼鱼的最终体重、特定增长率(SGR)、日增重(DWG)、增重率(GBW)和增长率(GBL)均出现逐渐降低的趋势,且部分盐度组间差异显著(P＜0.05),其中上述各项指标中,盐度2组均最高,与盐度10组差异不显著(P＞0.05),而与盐度18、26、34组存在显著性差异(P＜0.05),盐度34组显著低于其他盐度组(P＜0.05);幼鱼的饲料系数随盐度升高逐渐增大,且部分盐度组间差异显著(P＜0.05).在成活率方面,除盐度34组的成活率为72.2%,显著低于其他盐度组外(P＜0.05),其他各盐度组成活率均达到90%以上.盐度对四指马鲅幼鱼鳃丝Na+/K+-ATP酶也存在一定影响,经过3 d的盐度驯化后,实验第0天部分盐度组幼鱼鳃丝Na+/K+-ATP酶的活力有显著差异,其中盐度 34 组显著高于其他组(P＜0.05),盐度 18、26 组显著低于其他组(P＜0.05).实验开始后到第10天,盐度2、10、34组幼鱼鳃丝Na+/K+-ATP酶的活力有所降低,此后,各盐度组幼鱼鳃丝Na+/K+-ATP酶的活力趋于稳定.经过30d的养殖发现,盐度34组幼鱼鳃丝Na+/K+-ATP酶的活力最高,显著高于其他组(P＜0.05),而盐度2、10组幼鱼鳃丝Na+/K+-ATP酶的活力略低于盐度18、26组,但差异并不显著(P＞0.05).从以上结果可见,盐度对四指马鲅幼鱼的生长和鳃丝Na+/K+-ATP酶活力有一定影响. 相似文献
32.
本研究分析了不同盐度环境下三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)鳃组织中游离氨基酸(FAAs)的含量及浓度变化规律,明确 FAAs 的组成及其在盐度适应中发挥的功能。结果显示,在正常海水中,三疣梭子蟹鳃组织中牛磺酸(Tau)的浓度最高(2.54 mg/g),其次分别为丙氨酸(Ala,0.65 mg/g)、谷氨酸(Glu,0.64 mg/g)、精氨酸(Arg,0.58 mg/g)、甘氨酸(Gly,0.48 mg/g)和脯氨酸(Pro,0.25 mg/g);在盐度10–50范围内,梭子蟹鳃中总游离氨基酸(TOFAA)的含量随盐度的增加而显著升高(P<0.05),盐度50时,TOFAA 的含量为盐度10时的1.48倍。进一步分析发现,非必需氨基酸(NEAA)(Gly、Glu、Ala 和 Pro)的浓度随盐度的升高而上升,而必需氨基酸(EAA)的浓度变化不显著(P>0.05)。研究表明,FAAs 在三疣梭子蟹盐度适应中具有重要功能,其中发挥渗透调节功能的主要为 NEAA。 相似文献
33.
Volvariella volvacea is a mushroom well-adapted to high temperature. It optimally grows at 30–35 °C. To breed cold-tolerant strains to expand cultivation region and season, the basidiospores and gills of V. volvacea were treated with chemical mutagens, ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) and diethyl sulfate (DES), respectively. Two cold-tolerant strains, strains Em-16 and Em-18, were successfully obtained from EMS mutagenesis of gills through 0 °C screening, colony morphology screening and fruiting screening. The biological efficiencies of Em-16 and Em-18 strains were 24.55% and 23.61% in the first flush at 27 °C and their biological efficiencies were 46.1% and 40.5% higher than the control strain V41, respectively. Their fruiting bodies had a longer storage life at 16 °C, compared with the control strain V41. Amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis shows that the strains Em-16 and Em-18 are new strains. 相似文献
34.
贵州省菌蕈害虫种类和天敌种类调查 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文对贵州省茵草害虫种类和天敌种类进行了系统的调查研究。共采集标本１５００余号，通过鉴定得出，害虫类３０种，其中双翅目１１种（包括４种新种和１中国新记录种）；鞘翅目３种；鳞翅目２种；直翅目３种；跳虫类３种；白蚁类２种；膜翅目１种；害螨类３种；线虫类２种；蛞蝓类１种；蚯蚓类３种；天敌类４种。 相似文献
35.
西施舌鳃蛋白质组学研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
[目的]研究西施舌（Coelomactra antiquate）鳃蛋白质组学。[方法]以西施舌的鳃组织为研究对象,经破碎、裂解和离心等抽提方法提取鳃组织蛋白质样品,利用Bradford蛋白质定量试剂盒作蛋白定量后,进行一向等电聚焦电泳和SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳。电泳后的凝胶用考马斯亮蓝染色,利用Image ScannerⅢ扫描仪扫描凝胶,获得凝胶图像。[结果]经研究首次得到西施舌鳃蛋白质双向电泳图谱,初步构建了西施舌鳃蛋白质组的双向电泳技术体系。在pH值为4~7的范围内分布着大部的蛋白质,且多为酸性蛋白。其中,在低pH值区蛋白质分布较多,甚至还出现了高丰度蛋白质,在同一水平线上的蛋白质为分子量相近的蛋白质。[结论]该研究可为进一步探索西施舌鳃组织的生理生化机制奠定基础。 相似文献
36.
Ghousia Begum 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2005,82(3):185-196
The sublethal effect of a synthetic pyrethroid, cypermethrin on total protein, amino acids, ammonia, glycogen, and enzymes like aminotransaminases (AIAT, AAT), glutamate dehydrogenase, and glycogen phosphorylases (a and ab) was studied in physiological important tissues viz; liver and gill tissues of freshwater teleost air breathing fish, Clarias batrachus. The study was conducted during exposure of 1/3 (33%) of LC50 concentration and followed by cessation of exposure. Thirty-six fish were exposed to 0.07 mg/L cypermethrin for 10 days. After 10 days, 18 fish were released to freshwater and kept in the same for 10 days (recovery group). Thirty-six fish were kept in freshwater as control batch. Protein content in liver tissues decreased at the end of 1st and 5th day followed by slight increase at the end of 10th day. Gill tissue showed statistical significant decrease (P < 0.001) in protein content during exposure period of 10 days. Recovery in protein content was observed to a large extent in both the tissues. Total free amino acids were increased in liver and gill tissues throughout the treatment period, recovery response was seen after cessation of exposure. Ammonia level was decrease in both the tissues throughout the exposure period except in liver tissue at the end of 1st day of exposure. Recovery response was exhibited by both the tissues. A decreased in glycogen content of liver tissue was observed during exposure period, gill tissue also showed decrease in glycogen at the end of 1st and 5th day followed by increase at the end of 10th day of exposure period. When the fish were transferred to freshwater, recovery in glycogen content was noted. The activity level of alanine, aspartate aminotransaminase, glutamate dehydrogenase, and phosphorylases (a, ab) was increased in both the tissues, followed by recovery response after released of fish into freshwater. The present study showed that cypermethrin caused alterations in certain biochemical mechanisms of C. batrachus. This fish indicated recovery response when transferred to cypermethrin free water. 相似文献
37.
以传统的分离不溶性弹性蛋白的方法——热碱提取法处理新鲜解剖出来的文昌鱼鳃组织。收集不溶解的沉淀，进行氨基酸组成分析。并将分析结果与已知的七鳃鳗软骨和盲鳗软骨的不溶性残留物以及马蹄蟹鳃软骨、猪主动脉弹性蛋白以及胶原蛋白的氨基酸组成进行比较。结果表明，文昌鱼鳃骨条的基质蛋白是不溶性的非胶原的，其不溶于热碱的残留物具有特殊的氨基酸组成，且与弹性蛋白及各种不溶性类弹性蛋白的基质蛋白的氨基酸组成具有相似的特征。 相似文献