基于转录组测序筛选乌苏里白鲑肌肉生长关键候选基因研究          下载免费PDF全文

李文文  徐革锋  黄天晴  谷伟  刘恩慧  王高超  潘玉财  周金鑫  姜再胜  王炳谦 《渔业科学进展》2024,45(3):87-100

为了挖掘调控乌苏里白鲑(Coregonus ussurinsis Berg)肌肉生长的关键候选基因,本研究对不同生长速度乌苏里白鲑的肌肉组织进行转录组测序,以期为乌苏里白鲑群体选育提供基础数据。首先,在同等条件下(从混合池中)随机选择乌苏里白鲑F2个体进行实验分组(快长组和慢长组)。接着分别从快长组[体重为(219.20±38.66) g]和慢长组[体重为(74.30±17.86) g]中随机选取10尾样本,取其背部肌肉进行转录组测序。以FDR (false discovery rate)<0.05且|log2(FC)|>1 (FC, fold change)为条件筛选差异表达基因并对其进行GO (gene ontology)和KEGG (Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)富集分析,并通过qPCR验证转录组数据的准确性。转录组测序结果显示,共筛选出2 211个差异表达基因,与慢长组相比,快长组中583个差异基因表达上调及1 628个基因表达下调。GO功能注释结果显示,差异基因主要参与细胞过程和结合过程,差异基因显著富集到251条KEGG通路(P<0.05),其中,MAPK信号通路(MAPK signaling pathway)、PI3K-Akt信号通路(PI3K-Akt signaling pathway)、紧密连接(tight junction)、胰岛素信号通路(insulin signaling pathway)、糖酵解/糖异生(glycolysis/gluconeogenesis)和PPAR信号通路(PPAR signaling pathway)参与细胞生长。之后结合功能注释结果和KEGG,鉴定出肌浆/内质网钙ATP酶基因atp2a1和atp2a2、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶基因g6pc、生长因子结合蛋白1基因igfbp1以及肌球蛋白重链基因myh1、myh4、myh6、myh7、myh9和myh13等可能与肌肉生长密切相关的基因。本研究共筛选出10个可能与乌苏里白鲑肌肉生长相关的关键候选基因,为今后乌苏里白鲑分子标记辅助育种提供了基础数据。  相似文献   

不同规格野生黄鳍金枪鱼肌肉营养分析与评价          下载免费PDF全文

刘龙龙  罗鸣  刘洪涛  陈傅晓  韩丽娜 《渔业科学进展》2024,45(3):258-267

探究不同规格黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacares)肌肉营养成分及品质差异,实验以野捕的 3种规格黄鳍金枪鱼J1 (4.2±1.2) kg、J2 (22.5±2.5) kg和J3 (50.8±3.9) kg为研究对象,通过常规生化分析方法对金枪鱼肌肉的常规营养成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸及矿物质元素进行比较分析。结果显示,(1) J1组水分含量显著高于J2、J3组;J2、J3组粗蛋白含量显著高于J1组(P<0.05);J3组粗脂肪含量显著高于J1、J2组(P<0.05)。(2)检出19种常见氨基酸,氨基酸含量最高的为谷氨酸(3.04~ 3.25 g/100 g),必需氨基酸中含量最高的为赖氨酸(2.02~2.15 g/100 g),最低的为色氨酸(0.31~ 0.45 g/100 g)。非必需氨基酸含量J3>J2>J1 (P<0.05);必需氨基酸、呈味氨基酸含量J1组显著低于J3组(P<0.05)。依据氨基酸评分(AAS),缬氨酸为第一限制性氨基酸;以化学评分(CS)为评分标准,J1、J2组第一限制性氨基酸为色氨酸,J3组为苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸。(3)各组共检出25种脂肪酸,以多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)为主,含量最高的为二十二碳六烯酸(DHA),占总脂肪酸含量的37.46%~39.18%。DHA含量J3组显著高于J1、J2组;二十碳五烯酸(EPA)含量J2、J3组显著高于J1组;DHA∶EPA比值J1组显著高于J2、J3组(P<0.05)。单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)含量J3>J2>J1;PUFA含量J3组显著高于J1、J2组(P<0.05)。PUFA/饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、n-3系多不饱和脂肪酸/n-6系多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3/n-6)比值J2、J3组显著高于J1组(P<0.05)。h/H比值J3组显著高于J1、J2组(P<0.05)。(4) J2、J3组Na、Ca含量显著高于J1组,J1组K含量最高且显著高于J2、J3组(P<0.05)。4种重金属元素均低于食品中建议的最大允许限量,其中Fe含量最大的为J3组,且J3>J2>J1 (P<0.05);Cu含量最大的为J3组,且显著高于J1组(P<0.05)。综合分析,大规格黄鳍金枪鱼具有更好的营养质量,本研究为居民膳食的选择及黄鳍金枪鱼人工配合饲料的配制提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

PGC-1α基因在两个品种鸡两种表型肌肉中的差异表达     

单艳菊  束婧婷  章明  姬改革  屠云洁  张迪  盛中伟  范建华  邹剑敏 《农业生物技术学报》2016,(12):1900-1907

过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ辅激活因子1 (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1 alpha,PGC-1α)是调控肌纤维类型转换的关键因子,已成为研究畜禽肌肉品质的一个热点基因.为探讨生长速度不同的两个品种鸡(Gallus gallus)生长发育早期两种表型肌肉中PGC-1α的表达情况,本研究利用qRT-PCR和Western blot分别检测PGC-1α mRNA和蛋白在慢生型清远麻鸡和速生型隐性白羽鸡的比目鱼肌(主要含慢肌纤维)和趾长伸肌(主要含快肌纤维)中的发育性(0,1,3,5,7和9周龄)表达变化.结果显示,同一种肌肉组织中PGC-1α mRNA均是0周龄时表达水平最高,显著高于其他各周龄(P＜0.05);肌肉组织中PGC-1α mRNA和蛋白表达趋势虽然均不相同,但其表达均与肌肉表型和品种相关,即相同周龄时,两个品种鸡的比目鱼肌中PGC-1α mRNA和蛋白表达均高于其趾长伸肌,两种表型肌肉中PGC-1α mRNA和蛋白表达均是清远麻鸡高于隐性白羽鸡,且在0周龄时,mRNA表达差异均极显著(P＜0.01).结果提示,鸡骨骼肌PGC-1α表达可能与慢肌纤维含量密切相关,并与鸡肉品质存在关联.研究结果有助于了解PGC-1α在鸡骨骼肌中的作用,并为改良鸡肉品质提供理论依据.  相似文献   

饲粮中添加啤酒花渣对肉仔鸡肉品质的影响     

冯玉升  魏时来 《安徽农业科学》2016,44(22)

[目的]探讨啤酒花渣对肉仔鸡肉品品质的影响。[方法]试验选用300只1日龄AA肉鸡,随机分为6组(1个对照组和5个试验组)。各试验组在饲粮中分别加入0、4%、8%、12%、16%、20%啤酒花渣,研究饲粮中添加啤酒花渣对肉仔鸡肉品质的影响。[结果]Ⅱ、Ⅲ组粗脂肪含量显著高于Ⅵ组(P0.05),腿肌屠宰后1 h pHⅤ组显著低于Ⅳ组(P0.05)。干物质、粗蛋白质、滴水损失、失水率、系水力、胸肌屠宰后1 h pH、胸肌屠宰后24 h pH、腿肌屠宰后24 h pH、熟肉率、嫩度(剪切力)各组间差异均不显著(P0.05)。[结论]饲粮中添加啤酒花渣对肉仔鸡肉品品质无不良影响。  相似文献   

四种鱼肉的基本成分及胶原蛋白含量分析   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

张延华马国红  宋理平冒树泉 吴君 《农学学报》2014,4(9):79-81

通过测定鲈鱼(Lateolabrax japonicas)、鮻鱼(Liza haematocheila)、草鱼(Ctencpharyngodon idellus)和鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio)的背部肌肉基本成分及羟脯氨酸的含量,从而对其胶原蛋白含量进行分析。结果显示：四种鱼肉中粗蛋白含量分别为18.23%、19.82%、16.18%、17.07%;胶原蛋白的特征性氨基酸羟脯氨酸含量分别为0.0574%、0.0646%、0.0781%、0.0743%,胶原蛋白含量分别为0.6371%、0.7159%、0.8669%、0.8247%。结果表明：仅从蛋白质含量来看,鱼肉是一种很好的蛋白质来源,并且海水鱼优于淡水鱼。但鱼肉中胶原蛋白含量很低,表明鱼肉不适合作为胶原蛋白的提取原料。  相似文献   

家兔Myh7基因生物信息学分析及表达规律研究     

赵斌  李挺  赵博昊  穆琳  胡帅帅  陈阳  吴信生 《安徽农业科学》2017,45(16)

[目的]对家兔Myh7基因进行生物信息学分析及表达规律研究。[方法]利用RT-PCR技术检测了Myh7在肌肉发育过程中的表达规律,并结合生物信息学方法对家兔Myh7的序列进行深入分析。[结果]Myh7蛋白为不稳定亲水性蛋白,有Myosin_N和MYSc_class_II这2个结构区域,其中MYSc_class_II是肌球蛋白重链家族特有结构域。MEGA软件分析家兔Myh7分子进化,发现其与人、猩猩等物种间同源性较高,与其亲缘关系的远近一致。定量分析显示:在整个肌肉发育过程中,Mhy7表达量在腿肌中基本维持在较低水平,在背肌中的表达量相对波动较大,而在11周龄时出现表达量上升的趋势。[结论]该研究为进一步研究Myh7基因在肌肉生长过程中的功能奠定了分子基础,为研究家兔的肌肉发育分子机制提供了一定的参考依据。  相似文献   

Reproducibility and Repeatability of Equine Muscle Thickness Measurements with Ultrasound     

Arno Lindner  Raul Signorini  Jorge Vassallo  Fabiana Tomatis  Francis M. Flores  María E. Gagliano  Jimena Curiotti  Evelina Terragona 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2010

This study examined the reproducibility and repeatability of muscle thickness (MT) measurements with ultrasound for the following muscles: extensor carpi radialis, extensor digitorum longus (both flexed and extended), gluteus medius, longissimus lumborum, semitendinosus, and supraspinatus. Three examiners measured thickness of these muscles in five Thoroughbreds on 3 consecutive days. The day of measurement did not have any effect on the mean MT value of the muscles examined (P > .05). The left longissimus lumborum muscle was the only muscle for which the second measurement varied from the first and third (P < .05). The examiners had an effect on the mean coefficient of variation (CV) of the thickness of the flexed left extensor carpi radialis and flexed left extensor digitorum longus. The daily measurements varied more in the case of one of the examiners. Mean CVs higher or close to 10% were reported for both sides of the flexed extensor digitorum longus and for the supraspinatus muscles. The lowest CV was calculated for the longissimus lumborum and the extended semitendinosus (<5%). The largest disagreements between the examiners were observed for both sides of the flexed extensor digitorum longus and the supraspinatus (>10%–<20%). The best agreement was measured for the extended extensor carpi radialis and the longissimus lumborum (>3%–<7%). The results showed that for some muscles, it was difficult to locate the exact anatomical site for taking the MT measurements. To reduce CV, it was suggested that only one examiner should take all the measurements and the whole procedure must be such that it is as comfortable as possible for this particular examiner.  相似文献   

Effect of Estradiol-17β on protein synthesis and degradation rates in fused bovine satellite cell cultures     

E. Kamanga-Sollo  M.E. WhiteM.R. Hathaway  W.J. WeberW.R. Dayton 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2010

Although androgenic and estrogenic steroids are widely used to enhance muscle growth and increase feed efficiency in feedlot cattle, their mechanism of action is not well understood. Further, in vivo studies indicate that estradiol (E2) affects muscle protein synthesis and/or degradation, but in vitro results are inconsistent. We have examined the effects of E2 treatment on protein synthesis and degradation rates in fused bovine satellite cell (BSC) cultures. Additionally, to learn more about the mechanisms involved in E2-enhanced muscle growth, we have examined the effects of compounds that interfere with binding of E2 or insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 to their respective receptors on E2-induced alterations in protein synthesis and degradation rates in BSC cultures. Treatment of fused BSC cultures with E2 results in a concentration-dependent increase (P < 0.05) in protein synthesis rate and a decrease (P < 0.05) in protein degradation rate. The pure estrogen antagonist ICI 182 780 suppresses (P < 0.05) E2-induced alterations in protein synthesis and degradation in fused BSC cultures. The G-protein coupled receptor (GPR)-30 agonist G1 does not affect either synthesis or degradation rate, which establishes that GPR30 does not play a role in E2-induced alterations in protein synthesis or degradation. JB1, a competitive inhibitor of IGF-1 binding to the Type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGFR-1), suppresses (P < 0.05) E2-induced alterations in protein synthesis and degradation. In summary, our data show that E2 treatment directly alters both protein synthesis and degradation rates in fused BSC cultures via mechanisms involving both the classical estrogen receptor (ER) and IGFR-1.  相似文献   

Characterization and mode of inheritance of a paroxysmal dyskinesia in Chinook dogs     

Packer RA  Patterson EE  Taylor JF  Coates JR  Schnabel RD  O'Brien DP 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2010,24(6):1305-1313

Background: Paroxysmal dyskinesias are episodes of abnormal, involuntary movement or muscle tone, distinguished from seizures by the character of the episode and lack of seizure activity on ictal EEG. Hypothesis: Paroxysmal dyskinesia is an inherited, autosomal recessive disorder in Chinook dogs. Animals: Families of Chinook dogs with paroxysmal dyskinesia. Methods: Pedigrees and medical histories were reviewed for 299 Chinook dogs. A family of 51 dogs was used for analysis. Episodes were classified as seizures, paroxysmal dyskinesia, or unknown, and segregation analysis was performed. Results: Paroxysmal dyskinesia was identified in 16 of 51 dogs and characterized by an inability to stand or ambulate, head tremors, and involuntary flexion of 1 or multiple limbs, without autonomic signs or loss of consciousness. Episode duration varied from minutes to an hour. Inter‐ictal EEGs recorded on 2 dogs with dyskinesia were normal. Three dogs with dyskinesia also had generalized tonic‐clonic seizures. One of 51 dogs had episodes of undetermined type. Phenotype was unknown for 6 of 51 dogs, and 28 dogs were unaffected. Segregation was consistent with an autosomal recessive trait. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: This movement disorder is prevalent in the Chinook breed, and consistent with a partially penetrant autosomal recessive or polygenic trait. Insufficient evidence exists for definitive localization; episodes may be of basal nuclear origin, but atypical seizures and muscle membrane disorders remain possible etiologies. The generalized seizures may be a variant phenotype of the same mutation that results in dyskinesia, or the 2 syndromes may be independent.  相似文献   

原鸡与家鸡杂交F_1代肉质特性分析     

周杰珑  郭子发  郭爱伟  林丽 《河南农业科学》2010,(8)

以原鸡滇南亚种(父本)与原鸡(母本)、茶花鸡(母本)、绿耳乌骨鸡(母本)、楚雄麻鸡(母本)不同组合F1代为研究素材,分析比较了其常规肉质性状和基本营养成分。结果表明:宰后45 min,原鸡杂交F1代胸、腿肌pH值显著低于纯种原鸡(P<0.05),宰后24 h pH值与宰后45 min相比呈下降趋势,纯种原鸡下降最为明显;胸、腿肌系水力、滴水损失率、蒸煮损失率、肌纤维直径(密度)等指标在不同组合间多数存在显著差异(P<0.05)。就营养成分而言,胸、腿肌水分含量及胸肌粗蛋白含量在各组合间差异均不显著(P>0.05),原鸡(父本)与茶花鸡(母本)杂交F1代、纯种原鸡腿肌粗蛋白含量显著高于其余两组(P<0.05);胸肌及腿肌的粗脂肪、粗灰分含量在不同组合间存在差异,且多数达到显著水平(P<0.05)。总体而言,原鸡(父本)与茶花鸡(母本)肉质特性杂种优势较大,原鸡(父本)与楚雄麻鸡(母本)杂种优势较小。  相似文献