60个家系吉富品系罗非鱼初期阶段的生长比较   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

董在杰  何杰  朱健  张守领  张成峰  徐跑  农肖颖  梁政远  缪凌鸿 《淡水渔业》2008,38(3)

本文对这60个家系的吉富罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)在生长初期阶段的3个多月时间内的生长情况进行了比较分析,结果显示:经过3个多月的培育,60个家系共1831尾吉富罗非鱼的总体平均体重为102.4±38.9g。第59号家系的平均体重最大,为178.0±40.0g;第9号家系的平均体重最小,为64.1±18.6g。最大个体出现在第59号家系中,为271.7g,最小个体出现在第20号家系中,为22.0g。从家系水平上看,生长速度相差2倍,从个体水平上看,最大个体的体重是最小个体的12倍多。表明吉富罗非鱼各家系及个体间的生长速度存在较大差异,既有进行选育的基础,也有进行长期选育的必要。  相似文献   

山豆根多糖对罗非鱼生长性能和免疫功能的影响     

赵怡  文露婷  黄姻  陈忠  刘倩  林勇  胡庭俊 《中国畜牧兽医》2021,48(10):3635-3643

本试验旨在探究饲粮中添加不同剂量山豆根多糖对罗非鱼生长性能和免疫功能的作用。试验选取400尾体格健壮的吉富罗非鱼随机分为5组，每组4个重复，每个重复20尾罗非鱼，各组在基础饲粮中分别添加0（CK组）、1.0（SSP 1组）、2.0（SSP 2组）、4.0 g/kg （SSP 3组）山豆根多糖和20 mg/（kg·BW·d）黄芪多糖（APS组），试验期30 d。试验结束时测定吉富罗非鱼增重率（WGR）、特定生长率（SGR）、饲料系数（FCR）等生长指标和罗非鱼血液生理生化指标及血清和肝脏中非特异性免疫指标。结果表明，与CK组相比，SSP 1和SSP 2组吉富罗非鱼WGR、SGR水平及FCR系数无显著变化（P>0.05），SSP 1组血清中胆固醇（TC）和总蛋白（TP）水平显著降低（P<0.05），各试验组（SSP 1、SSP 2、SSP 3和APS组）罗非鱼肝脏和脾脏的脏器指数无显著差异（P>0.05），IL-12水平显著升高（P<0.05），SSP 2和SSP 3组IL-2水平显著升高（P<0.05），IFN-γ水平显著降低（P<0.05）；SSP 1和SSP 2组罗非鱼过氧化物酶（POD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性极显著升高（P<0.01）。综上所述，在饲料中添加适量山豆根多糖对罗非鱼的生长、抗氧化能力和免疫功能有一定的促进作用，以添加量2.0 g/kg为最佳。  相似文献   

奥利亚罗非鱼3种C型溶菌酶基因的克隆及其序列分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

禹绍国  叶星  张莉莉  田园园  劳海华  白俊杰  卢迈新 《农业生物技术学报》2010,18(1):66-74

本研究结合RT-PCR和RACE法获得了奥利亚罗非鱼(Oreochromis aureus)三种C型溶菌酶基因C-1,-2和C-3的全长cDNA.3个基因的cDNA分别为581 bp、662 bp和695 bp,各编码143、156和143个氨基酸(GenBank accession No:EU913095,EU913094和EU836689),相互间氨基酸序列的同源性在63.9%~67.8%之间.3个基因均具有与其它物种C型溶菌酶相同的8个保守半胱氨酸残基和2个活性位点Glu~(35)和Asp~(52),可认为它们均为C型溶菌酶基因.在系统进化树中这3个基因首先与同属高等真骨鱼类的聚类,最后再与低等真骨鱼类的聚类,系统进化关系与传统鱼类分类地位相吻合,显示真骨鱼类C型溶菌酶的进化速度与物种的进化速度基本一致.蛋白分析软件分析显示这3个基因均具有C型溶菌酶的典型结构、相似的蛋白二、三级结构,推测应具有与C型溶菌酶相似的生理功能.但3个基因氨基酸序列间存在一定差异,其中C-1的等电点较低且碱性氨基酸较少,因此3种溶菌酶可能具有生理功能上的差异与分工.  相似文献   

尼罗罗非鱼仔鱼个体发育及性腺分化的发育   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈兴汉  刘晓春  蒙子宁  张勇  林浩然  叶卫 《热带生物学报》2012,3(3):197-203

通过形态学、组织学的描述和显微结构的观察,研究了尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）仔鱼在自然水温条件下（26～30℃）的个体发育和性腺分化发育过程。结果表明,仔鱼个体发育分为2个时期,仔鱼前期（从出膜到卵黄囊消失）和仔鱼后期（卵黄囊消失至奇鳍褶消失）;性腺发育分化的时序为：5DPH时,开始出现生殖嵴;10DPH时,出现少数原始生殖细胞,形成原始性腺;28DPH时,可清晰辨认卵原细胞,呈现明显的性腺分化组织学特征,至42DPH时可辨认精原细胞。  相似文献   

Toxic effects of novel organophosphorus insecticide (RPR-V) on certain biochemical parameters of euryhaline fish, Oreochromis mossambicus     

J. Venkateswara Rao 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2006,86(2):78-84

The euryhaline fish, Oreochromis mossambicus was exposed to sub-lethal concentration (0.017 mg L⁻¹) of a novel phosphorothionate, 2-butenoic acid-3-(diethoxy phosphinothionyl) ethyl ester (RPR-V) for 30 days and allowed to recover for 7 days. Important biomarker enzymes were assayed in plasma, brain, gill, liver, kidney, and muscle during exposure tenures of day-3, -7, -15, -30, and also at 7 days (withdrawal) after stopping treatment. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities of brain, gill, and muscle were strongly inhibited by 67, 75, and 66%, respectively, on day-30. Exposure (time) dependent increases in alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), and aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), acid phosphatase (AcP), and alkaline phosphatase (AkP), activities in plasma and kidney; AcP and AkP activities in gill were noticed. However, significant decrease in ALAT, ASAT, AcP, and AkP activities in liver was observed. The depletion of glycogen was observed in liver, brain, and gill tissues, an indication of typical stress related response of the fish with pesticide. A significant increase in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in gill and brain was observed and decreased in liver and muscle, indicating tissue damage and muscular harm. Depletion of glutathione (GSH) was observed in the above tissues, there by enhancing the lipid peroxidation resulting in cell damage. The induction in hepatic glutathione-S-transferase (GST) levels indicates the protection against the toxicity of xenobiotic-induced lipid peroxidation. There was a significant recovery in all the above biochemical parameters, in all the tissues of fish after a recovery period of 7 days. These results revealed that RPR-V affects the intermediary metabolism of O. mossambicus and the increase of biomarker enzymes in plasma, might be due to the necrosis of liver.  相似文献   

SHORT COMMUNICATION Apparent digestibility of various legume seed meals in Nile tilapia diets     

Oyedapa A. Fagbenro 《Aquaculture International》1998,6(1):83-87

  相似文献   

Biochemical and histological hepatic changes of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus exposed to carbaryl     

P. Matos  A. Fonta?´nhas-Fernandes  F. Peixoto  J. Carrola  E. Rocha 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2007,89(1):73-80

The purpose of this study was to evaluate biochemical and morphological responses induced by carbaryl in the liver of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed during 21 days to sublethal concentrations (0.25 and 0.5 mg L⁻¹), testing also recover for 14 days in clean water, after 14 days exposure. The activities of the following enzymes were measured: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), and reduced (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG). Globally, our data showed that exposure to carbaryl decreased the SOD, CAT, GR, and GST activities, except for the SOD and GST activities after 14 days exposure to 0.25 mg L⁻¹. In contrast, after 14 days exposure the GR activity of the hepatic tissue from carbaryl-treated fish showed significant elevation in relation to the control. When fish were left to recover, a positive response was seen in the GSH and GSSG contents. The results of the recovery group suggest that the toxicity produced by carbaryl is reversible to some extent within 15 days. The liver histological analysis showed differences between fish concerning the cellular vacuolization degree (VD) of the hepatocytes. In fish exposed to carbaryl it was observed an increasing hepatocellular basophilia. No other histological alterations were observed when fish was exposed to carbaryl, except a few necrotic foci at day 7. The sections stained with PAS reaction showed that the vacuolization was always not due to glycogen deposits, thus suggesting lipid accumulation. The combined increased basophilia and glycogen depletion is a common, although non-specific, liver response to many toxicants. In short, this work shows a relation between histological and biochemical changes in liver and carbaryl exposure. The effects of carbaryl were observed at different concentrations.  相似文献   

Cold tolerance of tilapia species and hybrids   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

A. Cnaani  G.A.E. Gall  G. Hulata 《Aquaculture International》2000,8(4):289-298

Several experiments were conducted,involving Oreochromis mossambicus, O. aureusand their F₁ and F₂ hybrids to studythe genetic basis of cold tolerance in tilapiinefishes. Groups of fish, of similar age and grown underidentical conditions, were housed in replicated netenclosures in a controlled cooling water system.Survival time through a regime of controlledtemperature reduction was the observed parameter forcold tolerance. Intra-population variation anddifferences among species, hybrids and repeated spawnswithin a species were examined. There was nocorrelation between cold tolerance and fish size(within the range of 23–105mm standard length), andthe distribution for the trait was not normal. O. mossambicuswas the most cold-sensitive group,followed by the F₂, and the F₁ which wassimilar to O. aureus. Genetic variation in coldtolerance seems to have a large dominance component,based on the similarity of the F₁ hybrid to the O. aureus parent.  相似文献   

13种饲料原料蛋白质对尼罗罗非鱼的营养价值   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

吴建开  雍文岳  游文章  文华  廖朝兴 《中国水产科学》2000,7(2):37-42

以Ｃｒ２Ｏ３为指示物,以７０％基础饲料和３０％的待测饲料原料组织成试验饲料,测定尼罗非鱼对１３种饲料对料的蛋白质和必需氨基酸的表观消化率。以有效必需氨基酸含量计算了饲料原料中蛋白质的必需氨基酸指数,并和鱼体必需氨基酸含量进行比较,评价了饲料原料蛋白质对尼罗罗非鱼的营养价值。结果表明,氨基酸总量消化率和蛋白质消化率接近;秘鲁鱼粉、大豆粕和玉米蛋白质的有效必需氨基酸指数均在７０％以上,其营养价值分别是  相似文献   

2007-2012年中国罗非鱼无乳链球菌流行菌株血清型分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李莉萍  王瑞  黄婷  梁万文  雷爱莹  李健  黄维义  唐佳有  施金谷  甘西  陈明 《大连海洋大学学报》2014,(5)

采用PCR血清型鉴定方法,对2007-2012年从广西、广东、海南、福建和云南等地养殖的罗非鱼Oreochromis niloticus中分离获得的168株无乳链球菌Streptococcus agalactiae流行菌株的血清型进行分析。结果表明：有159株为Ⅰa血清型,6株为Ⅰb血清型,3株为Ⅲ血清型。各区域流行菌株血清型也存在差异：从广西自治区7个地区50个养殖场的罗非鱼中分离的61株无乳链球菌中,有54株为Ⅰa型,4株为Ⅰb型,3株为Ⅲ型;从广东省10个地区59个养殖场的罗非鱼中分离的64株无乳链球菌中,有63株为Ⅰa型,1株为Ⅰb型;从海南省5个地区26个养殖场的罗非鱼中分离的33株无乳链球菌中,有32株为Ⅰa型,1株为Ⅰb型;从福建省漳州6个养殖场的罗非鱼中分离的6株和从云南省文山4个养殖场的罗非鱼中分离的4株均为Ⅰa型。研究表明,2007-2012年中国罗非鱼链球菌病流行菌株血清型存在Ⅰa、Ⅰb和Ⅲ3种血清型,Ⅰa型为主要血清型,研究结果可为准确分析中国罗非鱼链球菌病流行规律和特点提供数据,为该病防治及疫苗候选菌株筛选提供理论基础。  相似文献