Dualistic feeding pattern of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus,L.) reared under different self‐feeding system conditions          下载免费PDF全文

Fittrie M Pratiwy  Jun Kohbara 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(2):969-976

Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the most important cultured species worldwide. The research aims to clarify the feeding characteristics, such as daily feeding pattern of Nile tilapia using a self‐feeding technique. The feeding pattern was conducted under two rearing conditions, indoor treatments under a controlled light regime (LD 12:12) and constant water temperature (25°C), and outdoor treatments under natural conditions which consisted of duplicate trials with two periods each. The outdoor treatment was carried out from early summer through late autumn in Mie, Central Japan. Daily self‐feeding activity of Nile tilapia in indoor treatments was nearly daytime feeding pattern, synchronizing with the given photoperiod (24 hr). However, the self‐feeding activity in the outdoor experiments from early summer to early autumn was almost daytime feeding pattern, but it became less clear and shifted to a nighttime feeding profile in late autumn. The results revealed that Nile tilapia has a dualistic capacity for demand‐feeding both in light and dark phases. These results might have been caused by the seasonal change in light intensity and/or water temperature. Information obtained from the self‐feeding experiments enables us to identify the influence of environmental changes on the physiological condition of farmed fish through their expression of appetite.  相似文献   

Moderate salinities enhance growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings in the biofloc system          下载免费PDF全文

Arthur Francisco Araújo Fernandes  Gabriel Reis Costa  Marcos Antônio da Silva  Edgar de Alencar Teixeira  Eduardo Maldonado Turra 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(9):2919-2926

The biofloc technology (BFT) has recently gained attention as an economic and environmentally sustainable system for aquaculture. The use of BFT with salinized water could be used to minimize the negative effects of nitrogenous waste and improve the growth performance of Nile tilapia. This work evaluated the growth performance, survival, gill lesions, and fillet composition of tilapia fingerlings (Oreochromis niloticus) reared during 70 days with different salinities (0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 g/L) in a biofloc previously developed. The results indicated that the use of mature bioflocs alone was sufficient to avoid fingerling mortality due to nitrite peaks. Moreover, the salinized water, especially between 4 and 8 g/L (maximum points around 6 g/L), can be recommended in BFT to improve the growth performance of tilapia in the initial culture phase. The salinity level that was evaluated did not affect fillet composition nor the occurrence of gill lesions. The total ammonia nitrogen concentration was lower in freshwater than in salinized water (p < 0.05). Nitrite peaks in salinities of 12 and 16 g/L appeared later and were higher in comparison to other treatments. Considering minimal water exchange in BFT, the use of salinized water in this system may be environmentally viable.  相似文献   

莫桑比克罗非鱼ghrelin 受体基因的特性及ghrelin受体和ghrelin mRNA组织表达     

高风英  王欢  叶星  卢迈新  黄樟翰  朱华平  杨丽萍 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(5):2274-2280

[目的]了解莫桑比克罗非鱼ghrelin/GHSR系统的生理功能。[方法]采用RT-PCR和RACE技术分离莫桑比克罗非鱼2个GH-SR全长cDNA序列,并用荧光定量PCR方法检测了莫桑比克罗非鱼ghrelin基因及其受体GHSR-1a mRNA水平的组织表达,以及饥饿对这2个基因表达的影响。[结果]获得了莫桑比克罗非鱼2个GHSR cDNA全序列（GHSR-1a、GHSR-1b）。GHSR-1a序列全长1 627bp,编码384个氨基酸,具有7个跨膜结构域结构;GHSR-1b序列全长1 858 bp,编码298个氨基酸,只具有前5个TM,在第6个TM的第4个氨基酸处开始缺失。正常生理条件下,2基因在所检测组织中均有表达,但存在明显的组织差异。ghrelin主要由胃中分泌,除性腺外,雌鱼所有被检测组织的表达量均高于雄鱼的表达量,以肌肉中ghrelin基因的表达差异最大,雌鱼是雄鱼的30.4倍。莫桑比克罗非鱼GHSR-1a基因在垂体、肝脏、心脏中表达量较高,且被检测组织中雄鱼的表达量均高于雌鱼的表达量,其中鳃组织的表达差异最大,雄鱼是雌鱼的36.3倍。饥饿28 d后莫桑比克罗非鱼胃中ghrelin基因表达增加,雄鱼ghrelin基因分泌量增加了3.7倍,雌鱼增加了2.6倍;雌雄个体垂体中GHSR-1a的分泌量均略有下降。[结论]ghrelin/GHSR-1a系统可能具有调节莫桑比克罗非鱼能量平衡的作用。  相似文献   

Performance of mono‐sex tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in rice field with different ditch size          下载免费PDF全文

Md. Akhtar Hossain  Md. Anisur Rahman Mridha  Abul Kalam Md. Azad Shah  Md. Nahiduzzaman  Md. Sharif Uddin 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(8):1891-1901

The effects of ditch size on growth and production of mono‐sex tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus in rain fed concurrent rice–fish system were technically and economically evaluated for a period of 4 months. Three different ditch sizes were tried: 5%, 10% and 15% of the total cultivable rice field. The fish fingerlings stocking density (5000 ha^?1) and management practices were similar in all plots. The water temperature, dissolve oxygen, pH, Secchi disc visibility, ortho‐phosphate, ammonia nitrogen and alkalinity were found to be in the range of 31.5–31.9°C, 5.10–5.27 mg L^?1, 7.56–7.62, 34.81–35.41 cm, 0.88–0.96 mg L^?1, 0.014–0.021 mg L^?1 and 66.23–69.76 mg L^?1, respectively, and all the values were found suitable for tilapia fish farming. Sediment organic matter, available nitrogen and phosphorous were increased significantly (P < 0.05) in all plots after cultivating the fish. Larger ditch size (15% of the total land area) resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) higher specific growth rate, survival and fish production compared with the smaller (5%) and medium (10%) ditch sizes. However, significantly (P < 0.05) higher net income and benefit–cost ratio were obtained in medium ditch size with the values of 2.6% and 3.6% higher than the smaller and larger ditch sizes respectively. It is concluded that rice–fish farming in a rain fed ecosystem of Bangladesh with medium ditch size and stocking density of 5000 ha^?1 mono‐sex tilapia can achieve better economic return.  相似文献   

饲料蛋白质水平与投喂频率对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长及部分生理生化指标的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘伟  文华  蒋明  吴凡  田娟  杨长庚  黄凤 《水产学报》2016,40(5):751-762

为探讨饲料蛋白质水平与投喂频率对罗非鱼生长及生理健康的影响,采用2×3双因子实验,研究饲料蛋白质水平(36.27%和26.02%)与投喂频率(1、2和3次/d)对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长、体成分、血清指标和肝胰脏结构的影响。养殖周期为42 d,结果表明:随饲料蛋白质水平的增加,实验鱼的末体质量(FW)、增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)、饲料效率(FE)、肥满度(CF)、去内脏全鱼灰分(EWA)、内脏水分(VM)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDLC)水平显著升高(P0.05),而摄食率(FI)、脏体比(VSI)、饲料成本(FC)、去内脏全鱼粗脂肪(EWF)、内脏粗脂肪(VF)、肝胰脏粗脂肪(HF)显著降低(P0.05);随投喂频率的增加,实验鱼的FW、WGR、SGR、肝体比(HSI)、CF、FC、EWF、VF、HF,血清中的总胆固醇水平(TCHO)、HDLC、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDLC)、总蛋白(TP)、甘油三酯(TGK)水平显著升高(P0.05),而FE、蛋白质效率(PER)、去内脏全鱼水分(EWM)、EWA、VM、肝胰脏水分(HM)显著降低(P0.05)。饲料蛋白质水平和投喂频率对实验鱼的FW、WGR、SGR、VM和HDLC的交互作用显著(P0.05)。投喂26.02%蛋白质水平饲料的实验鱼,肝胰脏细胞肿大变形,呈现透明的空泡化,出现细胞核偏移;而投喂36.27%蛋白质饲料的实验鱼,大多数肝细胞胞浆清晰,可观察到的肝细胞空泡面积较小。综合考虑,饲料蛋白质含量为36.27%是适合吉富罗非鱼幼鱼的,其适宜的投喂频率为2次/d以上,可根据罗非鱼市场情况进行调节。  相似文献   

罗非鱼无乳链球菌巢式PCR检测方法的建立     

邵辰  易弋  黎娅  黄荷  伍时华  杨军 《淡水渔业》2016,(2):40-44

根据无乳链球菌(Streptococcus agalactiae)cfb基因序列,设计、合成2对引物,优化扩增条件,建立了快速高灵敏度鉴别无乳链球菌的巢式PCR方法。结果显示:使用该方法对罗非鱼(Oreochromis mossambicus)血液样品进行检测,可检测到活菌浓度为8.7×104CFU/m L的无乳链球菌。对采自广西地区受无乳链球菌感染的19份罗非鱼样品进行检测,18份可获得目的片段,扩增到的序列均为无乳链球菌cfb基因序列,检测准确度达到94.7%。  相似文献   

罗非鱼源无乳链球菌的间接ELISA快速检测方法     

祝璟琳  李大宇  肖炜  邹芝英  杨弘 《水产学报》2016,40(12):1906-1914

以罗非鱼源无乳链球菌为抗原,免疫新西兰兔获得高效价的多克隆抗体;以此多克隆抗体作为一抗,羊抗兔Ig G-HRP作为酶标二抗,建立无乳链球菌的间接ELISA快速检测法。采用棋盘滴定法确定抗原与一抗的最佳工作浓度分别为106 CFU/m L和1∶10 000;酶标二抗的最适工作浓度为1∶1000。病原菌检测灵敏度为每孔103 CFU。该方法标准化后具有快速、灵敏等特性,与海豚链球菌等其他常见水产病原菌无交叉反应;阻断实验中的阻断率达72.02%;交叉反应和阻断实验的结果显示该方法具有较高的特异性。将该方法标准化后检测了44株2007—2013年分离的罗非鱼无乳链球菌,阳性检测率为100%;对人工感染后死亡的30尾罗非鱼的脑组织进行检测,阳性检测率为100%;对人工感染后未死亡的20尾罗非鱼的脑,肝和脾组织进行检测,脑的阳性检测率为0%,肝的阳性检测率为25%,脾的阳性检测率为50%;表明该技术不仅能够检测已发病的罗非鱼,而且能够检测无症状的带菌罗非鱼,该方法的建立有助于快速准确地诊断由无乳链球菌引起的罗非鱼链球菌病。  相似文献   

吉富罗非鱼对饲料中苯丙氨酸的需要量   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

蒋明  武文一  文华  刘伟  吴凡  田娟  杨长庚 《中国水产科学》2016,23(5):1173-1184

分别用含6种水平(质量比分别为0.78%、0.95%、1.09%、1.34%、1.51%和1.72%)苯丙氨酸(phenylalanine,Phe)的等氮等能(粗蛋白30.10%,总能17.73 MJ/kg)饲料,在池塘网箱中(实验期间水温为24~32℃)饲喂初始体重为(52.70±1.80)g的吉富罗非鱼60 d,考察饲料Phe对吉富罗非鱼(GIFT,Oreochromis niloticus)生长性能、饲料系数、体成分、部分血清生化指标及前肠消化酶活性的影响,以期获得吉富罗非鱼对饲料苯丙氨酸的需要量。结果表明,随着饲料中Phe水平的升高,吉富罗非鱼的增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率、蛋白质沉积率、肥满度、肝体比和脏体比均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,饲料系数呈现先下降后上升的趋势;全鱼粗脂肪和全鱼灰分含量显著上升(P0.05),肌肉灰分含量显著下降(P0.05)。饲料中Phe对全鱼水分和粗蛋白质、肌肉水分、肌肉粗蛋白质和肌肉粗脂肪含量无显著性影响(P0.05);各实验组的肌肉氨基酸含量差异不显著(P0.05)。饲料中Phe显著影响血清中谷丙转氨酶活性,甘油三酯、总胆固醇和葡萄糖的含量(P0.05),对谷草转氨酶活性无显著性影响(P0.05);Phe显著影响肠蛋白酶、肠脂肪酶和肠Na~+-K~+-ATP酶活性(P0.05),而对肠淀粉酶活性影响不显著(P0.05)。以增重率、饲料系数和蛋白质效率为评价指标,通过二次回归分析可知,吉富罗非鱼对饲料中Phe需要量为1.17%~1.21%,占饲料蛋白质的3.89%~4.02%。本研究结果为合理配制吉富罗非鱼配合饲料提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

尼罗罗非鱼鱼体能量密度预测模型初探     

刘凯 《中国农学通报》2011,27(17):62-66

2009年7-8月于养殖群体中随机抽取93尾尼罗罗非鱼作为实验样本,逐尾测定肌肉、肝脏、性腺和肠脂的能量密度等相关生化成分,选择与能量密度相关显著的生化成分作为预测因子,分别建立肌肉等组织的能量密度预测方程。结果表明尼罗罗非鱼肌肉和肝脏能量密度与各自粗脂肪含量的相关关系均达极显著水平（P<0.01）,经协方差分析后分别建立公共方程为Em = 0.196 Fm + 21.931（r=0.902）和El = 0.187 Fl + 19.697（r=0.914）。肠脂能量密度与其干物质含量相关极显著（P<0.01）,建立雌雄公共方程为Ef = 0.159 Df + 23.973（r=0.917）。经统计分析,卵巢和精巢的理想预测因子分别为粗脂肪含量和干物质含量,分别建立预测方程为Eo = 0.118 Fo + 25.493（r=0.909）和Es = 0.268 Ds + 19.697（r=0.905）。  相似文献   

三种罗非鱼的微卫星分子鉴定和遗传结构分析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

宋红梅  白俊杰  全迎春  李胜杰 《农业生物技术学报》2008,16(6)

采用77对微卫星引物对奥利亚、尼罗和橙色莫桑比克三种罗非鱼基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,筛选出17个微卫星鉴定位点,其中奥利亚罗非鱼的特异位点UNH636、UNH117、UNH172、UNH738、UNH878、UNH896;尼罗罗非鱼的特异位点UNH913、UNH907、UNH222、UNH980 、UNH880和橙色莫桑比克罗非鱼的特异位点UNH876、UNH899、UNH853、UNH932、UNH933、UNH773,任意一个位点可在其中一种罗非鱼中扩增出其它两种罗非鱼不具有的条带,从而将这种罗非鱼与其它两种区分开来。利用这17个位点检测三种罗非鱼的遗传结构,共检测到142个等位基因,平均等位基因8.35个,数据经Popgen32计算和MEGA4软件作图,进行了聚类分析,确立了三种罗非鱼的亲缘关系。结果表明,奥利亚、尼罗、橙色莫桑比克三种罗非鱼的平均观测杂合度分别为0.0941、0.5490、0.2588,平均期望杂合度分别为0.1089、0.7230、0.2608,平均多态信息含量分别为0.0869、0.7149 、0.1643,由此可见,尼罗罗非鱼群体的遗传多样性水平最高,奥利亚罗非鱼群体遗传多样性最低;聚类分析显示奥利亚群体和橙色莫桑比克群体间的亲缘关系较近,与前人研究结果一致。  相似文献