Comparison of the effects of propofol or alfaxalone for anaesthesia induction and maintenance on respiration in cats          下载免费PDF全文

Ivo Campagna  Andrea Schwarz  Stefanie Keller  Regula Bettschart‐Wolfensberger  Martina Mosing 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2015,42(5):484-492

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of propofol and alfaxalone on respiration in cats.Study designRandomized, ‘blinded’, prospective clinical trial.AnimalsTwenty cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy.MethodsAfter premedication with medetomidine 0.01 mg kg⁻¹ intramuscularly and meloxicam 0.3 mg kg⁻¹ subcutaneously, the cats were assigned randomly into two groups: group A (n = 10) were administered alfaxalone 5 mg kg⁻¹ minute⁻¹ followed by 10 mg kg⁻¹ hour⁻¹ intravenously (IV) and group P (n = 10) were administered propofol 6 mg kg⁻¹ minute⁻¹ followed by 12 mg kg⁻¹hour⁻¹ IV for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia, respectively. After endotracheal intubation, the tube was connected to a non-rebreathing system delivering 100% oxygen. The anaesthetic maintenance drug rate was adjusted (± 0.5 mg kg⁻¹ hour⁻¹) every 5 minutes according to a scoring sheet based on physiologic variables and clinical signs. If apnoea > 30 seconds, end-tidal carbon dioxide (Pe′CO₂) > 7.3 kPa (55 mmHg) or arterial haemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO₂) < 90% occurred, manual ventilation was provided. Methadone was administered postoperatively. Data were analyzed using independent-samples t-tests, Fisher's exact test, linear mixed-effects models and binomial test.ResultsManual ventilation was required in two and eight of the cats in group A and P, respectively (p = 0.02). Two cats in both groups showed apnoea. Pe′CO₂ > 7.3 kPa was recorded in zero versus four and SpO₂ < 90% in zero versus six cats in groups A and P respectively. Induction and maintenance dose rates (mean ± SD) were 11.6 ± 0.3 mg kg⁻¹ and 10.7 ± 0.8 mg kg⁻¹ hour⁻¹ for alfaxalone and 11.7 ± 2.7 mg kg⁻¹ and 12.4 ± 0.5 mg kg⁻¹ hour⁻¹ for propofol.Conclusion and clinical relevanceAlfaxalone had less adverse influence on respiration than propofol in cats premedicated with medetomidine. Alfaxalone might be better than propofol for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia when artificial ventilation cannot be provided.  相似文献   

Egg trait variation in a large hawk‐cuckoo (Hierococcyx sparverioides) host population of Chinese babax (Babax lanceolatus)          下载免费PDF全文

Canchao YANG  Yang LIU  Wei LIANG 《Integrative zoology》2015,10(3):295-301

Mutual interaction between brood parasites and their hosts is a well‐known model system for studying host–parasite coevolution. Both parties have acted reciprocally, resembling an evolutionary arms race, in which adaptations and counter‐adaptations have evolved as a result of host–parasite dynamics, such as the classical cuckoo–host system. Discrimination among parasite and cuckoo eggs and rejection of foreign eggs is regarded as an important anti‐parasitism strategy. The Chinese babax (Babax lanceolatus) is a large hawk‐cuckoo (Hierococcyx sparverioides) host distributed in southwest China. A previous study shows that the babax is an intermediate egg rejector, and most cuckoo eggs are accepted by the Chinese babax, although a small proportion of hosts reject cuckoo eggs. Interestingly, the large hawk‐cuckoo lays non‐mimetic eggs in contrast to the uniform blue eggs of babaxes. Because egg coloration is a critical cue used by host species in favor of the recognition of parasitic eggs by hosts, we used a spectrometer to quantify egg color variation to understand the differentiation in discrimination ability between the egg rejectors and acceptors. We found that the chroma of intra‐clutch variation of babax eggs was more consistent in egg rejectors than in acceptors. However, no statistical significance was found in inter‐clutch variation between these two types of hosts. Our results suggest that hosts lay eggs with a low level of intra‐clutch variation without the necessity of a high level of inter‐clutch variation simultaneously as predicted by the egg signature hypothesis. This study may further indicate that selection pressures from evolutionarily recent parasites can drive individual‐based differences in an anti‐parasitism strategy.  相似文献   

Geographic Information System‐Based Analysis of the Spatial and Spatio‐Temporal Distribution of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Golestan Province,North‐East of Iran          下载免费PDF全文

A. Mollalo  A. Alimohammadi  M. R. Shirzadi  M. R. Malek 《Zoonoses and public health》2015,62(1):18-28

Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL), a vector‐borne disease, poses serious psychological as well as social and economic burden to many rural areas of Iran. The main objectives of this study were to analyse yearly spatial distribution and the possible spatial and spatio‐temporal clusters of the disease to better understand spatio‐temporal epidemiological aspects of ZCL in rural areas of an endemic province, located in north‐east of Iran. Cross‐sectional survey was performed on 2983 recorded cases during the period of 2010–2012 at village level throughout the study area. Global clustering methods including the average nearest‐neighbour distance, Moran's I, general G indices and Ripley's K‐function were applied to investigate the annual spatial distribution of the existing point patterns. Presence of spatial and spatio‐temporal clusters was investigated using the spatial and space–time scan statistics. For each year, semivariogram analysis and all global clustering methods indicated meaningful persistent spatial autocorrelation and highly clustered distribution of ZCL, respectively. Eight significant spatial clusters, mainly located in north and northeast of the province, and one space–time cluster, observed in northern part of the province and during the period of September 2010–November 2010, were detected. Comparison of the location of ZCL clusters with environmental conditions of the study area showed that 97.8% of cases in clusters were located at low altitudes below 725 m above sea level with predominantly arid and semi‐arid climates and poor socio‐economic conditions. The identified clusters highlight high‐risk areas requiring special plans and resources for more close monitoring and control of the disease.  相似文献   

层积时间和深度及贮藏年限对黄瑞香种子萌发的影响     

王勤礼  闫芳  毛著鸿  许耀照  侯梁宇 《经济林研究》2015,(3)

为了找到探索有效打破黄瑞香种子休眠、提高种子发芽率的方法,以黄瑞香种子为试材,研究3种不同层积期、4种不同层积深度以及不同贮藏年限对黄瑞香种子发芽率的影响。结果表明,贮藏1 a或2 a对黄瑞香种子发芽率的影响差异不显著;不同层积期、不同层积深度对黄瑞香种子发芽率有显著影响。层积期10月20日发芽率最高,11月9日发芽率最低;层积深度80 cm效果最好,40 cm发芽率最低;黄瑞香种子生理休眠属深度生理休眠。由于各因素间对打破种子休眠无交互作用,因此层积期为1 0月20日至10月30日、层积深度为60~100 cm,可获得较高的发芽率。  相似文献   

不同药剂浸泡处理对山桃稠李种子发芽的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周金梅  朱敬 《经济林研究》2015,(1)

为了促进山桃稠李种子萌发,提高山桃稠李种子繁殖的发芽率,以清水作为对照,采用不同浓度的高锰酸钾、过氧化氢、赤霉素对山桃稠李种子进行处理,比较不同药剂、不同浓度及不同处理时间对山桃稠李种子发芽的影响。结果表明:不同药剂处理的种子发芽率有显著差异,不同处理时间之间没有显著差异,各药剂处理按照发芽率由高到低的顺序排列依次为高锰酸钾、赤霉素、过氧化氢、水处理。对发芽促进效果最佳的组合是0.7%的高锰酸钾浸泡处理48h,发芽率可达88%。  相似文献   

不同判读方式和判读人员对遥感正判率的影响分析     

贺鹏  陈振雄  胡觉  黄湘南 《中南林业调查规划》2015,(2)

在湖南省按照不同地貌类型和地类破碎程度抽取4 km×4 km大样地10个,采用不同判读方式(充分参考林业档案信息与不参考林业档案信息)和不同判读人员(有5年以上遥感判读经验人员与无任何遥感判读经验人员)对10个大样地进行遥感判读区划,并对判读区划结果进行实地调查验证。分析表明:各地类正判率与其面积成正相关,其它调查因子判读难度较大;充分参考林业档案信息能够显著提高正判率,但优势树种、起源、龄组、郁闭度等因子综合正判率仍然偏低;不同判读工作经验人员对遥感判读有一定的影响,无判读工作经验人员应经过一定程度培训后才可参与判读工作。  相似文献   

不同光照和土壤水分对3种龙脑香科植物种子发芽的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

金晓瑾  殷晓松  许毅涛 《西部林业科学》2015,(1):36-40

2007和2008连续两年的1月、10月,分别采集云南龙脑香科的东京龙脑香、望天树、狭叶坡垒的种子,将种子在不同光照(20%、40%、60%和80%)和不同土壤水分(土壤含水量20%、40%、60%和80%)条件下进行种子萌发试验,研究不同光照和土壤水分对3种植物种子发芽率和苗木生长的影响。结果表明,龙脑香科植物种子发芽率在光照强度为20%、40%时较高,80%时较低;种子发芽率在土壤含水率60%时较高,80%和20%均较低;在同等条件下,狭叶坡垒种子发芽率最高,最高时可达88%,东京龙脑香种子发芽率最低,最低时仅为9%;在相同条件下,3种云南龙脑香科植物苗木生长最快的为狭叶坡垒,15个月苗龄苗高为86 cm,地径达1.23 cm。  相似文献   

黄杞容器扦插繁殖技术试验研究     

黄文标 《绿色科技》2015,(7)

通过正交试验设计L9（34）深入研究了使用不同种类生根促进剂（H ）来处理母株不同采插穗部位的插穗（F ）和插穗不同基部下切口型（E ）对黄杞扦插生根率、生根数及生根长的影响差异。试验结果表明：采用生根促进剂ABT －1＃（H1）＋母株下部采的插穗（F3）＋基部下切口型为双削面（E2）,即 H1 F3 E2组合试验效果最好,其平均生根率高达86．8％、平均生根数8．8条、平均生根长达18．6cm。  相似文献   

提高红榕大苗造林成活率技术研究     

陈仁兴 《绿色科技》2015,(7)

以本地树种红榕3年生苗木为试材,在造林地附近建立临时圃地,对苗木进行修枝摘叶,配合生根剂使用,在圃地对苗木进行30d的无纺布袋容器养护,提高了红榕苗木的活力,试验结果表明：用养护后的红榕容器大苗造林,高规格整地措施,壮苗上山,精细栽植,配合抚育管理,造林成活率达到93％以上,造林当年苗木生长良好,绿化效果明显,能缩短景观林培育成林时间周期,对改造城镇周边森林生态景观有一定的参考作用。  相似文献   

基于无人机多光谱影像和关键点检测的雪茄烟株数提取     

饶雄飞  周龙宇  杨春雷  廖世鹏  李小坤  刘诗诗 《农业机械学报》2023,54(3):266-273

为从无人机遥感影像中准确识别烟草,实现植株定位与计数,以雪茄烟草植株为研究对象,提出一种新的深度学习模型。区别于传统的利用检测框识别目标,本文模型利用少量的关键点学习烟草中心形态学特征,并采用轻量级的编、解码器从无人机遥感影像快速识别烟草并定位计数。首先,提出的模型针对烟草植物形态学特点,通过中心关键点标注的方法,使用高斯函数生成概率密度图,引入更多监督信息。其次,对比不同主干网络在模型中的效果,ResNet18作为主干网络时平均精度大于99.5%,精度和置信度都高于测试的其他主干网络。而MobileNetV2在CPU环境下达到运行效率最优,但平均置信度相对较低。使用损失函数Focal Loss与MSE Loss结合的Union Loss时,平均精度大于99.5%。最后,利用不同波段组合作为训练数据,对比结果发现使用红边波段更有助于模型快速收敛且能够很好地区分烟草和杂草。由于红边波段与植株冠层结构相关,使用红边、红、绿波段时平均精度达到99.6%。本文提出的深度学习模型能够准确地检测无人机遥感影像中的烟草,可为烟草的农情监测提供数据支持。  相似文献