Genetic differentiation between summer and autumn maturing cultivars of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) in Kyushy district of Japan     

Toshiyuki Hirata  Megumi Kaneko  Jun Abe  Yoshia Shimamoto 《Euphytica》1996,88(1):47-53

Summary 135 soybean landraces and pure line selections from Kyushu district fo Japan were assayed for isozyme and seed protein loci in order to determine the genetic structure groups of summer and autumn maturing cultivars. Out of the 16 tested loci, Dial, Enp, Estl, and Ti exhibited a marked difference in allelic frequency between both groups. The summer cultuvar groups had a high frequency for Dial-b, Enp-b, Estl-a and Ti-b, whereas Dial-a, Enp-a, Estl-b, and Ti-a were predominant in the autumn groups. The analysis of multi-locus genotypes revealed that both groups mostly consisted of different multi-locus genotypes. The allelic combination Dial-b Enp-b Estl-a Ti-b was most frequently observed in the summer cultivars, whereas four genootypes, Dial-a Enp-a Estl-a Ti-a, Dial-a Enp-a Estl-b Ti-a, Dial-a Enp-b Estl-b and Dial-a Enp-a Estl-b Ti-b, occupied most of the autumn cultivars. These results indicated that both groups were appreciably differentiated from each other. The summer cultivar groups also included a few accessions having the multi-locus genotypes observed predominantly in the autumn groups or Acol-b charcteristic of the landraces native to northern Japan. It seems likely that the summer cultivar groups was not phyletically derived from a single common ancestor, but partly involves the landraces with early maturity derived from northern Japan. Dial, Enp, Estl and Ti are useful genetic markers ot trace the origin and dissemination paths of Japanse soybean landraces.  相似文献   

Implications of selecting improved strains of soybeans for dry-matter accumulation and grain yield   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M. A. Faluyi 《Euphytica》1990,50(3):197-201

Summary Three maturity groups of soybeans (Glycine max L.) were used to investigate the relationship between dry-matter accumulation (DMA) and grain yield (GY), and the prospects for selection of high seed yielding strains among the existing soybean cultivars in a tropical environment. The positive and significant association between DMA and GY (r=0.888^***) indicated that selection for high DMA could give gains in GY. However, the higher harvest index (HI=37.5%) for the low seed yielding early maturing genotypes than the more vegetatively endowed and higher seed producing late maturity group, is an indication that excessive DMA could be disadvantageous. Total seed yield per land area for the three maturity groups of soybeans showed that the genotypes with high harvest index and low seed yield could be as good as those ones with high seed and dry-matter yields with low harvest index. The high coefficient of variation which ranged between 18.1 and 59.8% and the heritability estimations which also ranged from 34.4 to 82.2% are indicative of the presence of substantial genetic diversity and there are good prospects for the improvement of the crop through selection.  相似文献   

木荷人工林货币收获表编制及应用的研究     

胡国登 《安徽农学通报》2007,13(17):115-117

以顺昌埔上国有林场41年生木荷人工林标准地上分径阶所选取的解析木为对象,拟合了木荷人工林的生长模型和林分各材种出材率与林分平均胸径的回归模型,测算了林分各材种出材量.依据目前木荷木材生产经营的有关技术经济指标,编制了木荷人工林货币收获表,并在此基础上,探讨了货币收获表在确定木荷人工林经济成熟上的具体应用.  相似文献   

烤烟叶片成熟度与α－氨基酸含量的关系     

聂荣邦  周建平 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,(1)

以烤烟品种ＳｐｅｉｇｈｔＧ８０为材料，研究了烟叶的α－氨基酸含量与成熟度的关系．结果表明，鲜烟叶和烤后烟叶的α－氨基酸含量均受成熟度影响．按成熟度由低至高（Ｍ１至Ｍ５），烟叶α－氨基酸总量及与Ａｍａｄｏｒｉ化合物合成有关的α－氨基酸总量，均呈“Ｖ”形曲线变化，其最小值均出现在鲜烟叶的Ｍ１和烤后烟叶的Ｍ３．烤前烤后烟叶比较，烤后叶片中α－氨基酸总量及与Ａｍａｄｏｒｉ化合物合成有关的α－氨基酸总量均增加．烤后烟叶外观质量和化学成分评价，以Ｍ１烟叶质量最好．说明鲜烟叶的α－氨基酸含量变化达最小值时为最佳成熟采收期．  相似文献   

新疆伊犁地区速生杨树生长模型及数量成熟研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

刘平  王宁  孙清江  秦岭 《新疆农业大学学报》2003,26(4):45-48

应用SPSS软件对新疆伊犁地区察布查尔平原林场引种试验筛选出的11个速生杨树品种16年的树高、胸径生长数据进行曲线拟合，选定Logistic曲线作为树高、胸径的生长模型拟合效果最好，并预测了后10年的生长情况，根据新疆杨树二元材积表计算出11个速生杨树的材积及其平均生长量，依据数量成熟龄原则确定了11个速生杨树品种的数量成熟年龄。  相似文献   

高比例种仁杂交亲本的发现对枣树有性杂交育种的重要意义     

李丰  ;丁婕  ;张勤  ;张国庆  ;刘廷俊 《宁夏农林科技》2014,(6):20-21

枣树有性杂交育种存在许多难题,其中大多数枣树品种的种核没有种仁是影响枣树有性杂交育种关键问题。笔者在开展枣树有性杂交育种时,发现了鲜食冬枣和制干金丝小枣具有饱满、高比例的种仁,含种仁率分别为84.71%和50.00%~117.77%。通过冬枣×梨枣有性杂交组合,采集冬枣种子2 160粒,获取杂交实生苗625株,最后复选出主要性状超双亲的子代优良品系60株,综合性状超双亲的子代优良品系6株。该发现对枣树的有性杂交育种有重要意义。  相似文献   

秋中晚熟大白菜新品种‘晋白菜 7 号’     

赵美华  赵军良  巫东堂 《园艺学报》2014,41(9):1939-1940

 ‘晋白菜7 号’是由自交不亲和系‘2002-14-15’与‘2002-13-5-1’配制而成的秋中晚熟大 白菜一代杂种,营养生长期85 ~ 90 d。株高 65 ~ 70 cm,开展度 60 ~ 65 cm,生长势强,叶球直筒舒心 型。外叶深绿色,叶面较皱,叶帮浅绿色,叶脉不明显;叶球高65 cm 左右,球横径 14 ~ 16 cm;结球 紧实,单球质量3.5 ~ 4.0 kg,净菜率高,净菜产量115.50 ~ 120.75 t · hm-2。抗大白菜病毒病、软腐病、霜 霉病,适应性强,丰产、优质,纤维少、口感好,商品性好,耐贮藏,适宜在山西、河北、河南、天津、 山东、辽宁、贵州等地秋季作为中晚熟大白菜种植。  相似文献   

马铃薯LK99干物质及养分累积规律研究     

胡新元  罗爱花  陆立银 《长江蔬菜》2014,(6):36-40

通过播前常规施肥、大中微量元素配施(综合养分)处理,研究其对中早熟马铃薯LK99干物质积累,N、P、K、Fe、Zn、Ca的积累、分配等的影响。研究结果表明,大中微量元素配施可明显提高LK99商品薯率和鲜薯产量,随着生育期的推进,LK99植株干物质积累量呈现"慢-快-慢"的"S"形变化规律,而干物质积累速率呈现单峰曲线变化。整个生育期LK99植株对6种养分的吸收呈"慢-快-慢"的单峰变化曲线。养分在各器官中的分配随着生长发育各阶段的推进而变化,生育前期主要分配在叶片和茎秆中,块茎形成以后,随着库的扩大,开始由茎叶向块茎运移。至成熟期,约有90%的N、P、K和80%的Zn是贮存在块茎中。大中微量元素配合施用有利于Fe、Ca在块茎中的贮存。  相似文献   

西瓜新品种‘佳乐’的选育     

张领  马辉  乔蓉蓉  钱奕道  杨坤 《中国西瓜甜瓜》2014,(4):26-29

‘佳乐’是安徽荃银高科种业股份有限公司于2005年以自交系‘R723’为母本、自交系‘R764’为父本杂交育成的早熟、优质、高产杂交一代西瓜品种。植株长势稳健,雌花率高,易坐果。果实发育期30 d左右,全生育期100 d左右。主蔓第1朵雌花着生于8节左右,以后每隔4-5节再现1朵雌花。果实高球形,果皮绿色底上覆墨绿色条带,果面光滑无棱覆有果粉;果皮厚度1.1 cm左右,韧性强,较耐贮运;瓤色红,瓤质酥脆,中心可溶性固形物含量12%左右,汁多味甜,口感风味好;单果质量6.5 kg左右,大者8 kg以上。该品种抗病抗逆性强,生态适应性广,易栽培,全国各西瓜产区保护地和露地均可栽培。2011年2月通过浙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定。审定编号：浙审2011001。  相似文献   

Seasonal distribution, age, growth, and reproductive biology of marbled sole Pleuronectes yokohamae in Tokyo Bay, Japan     

Gen Kume  Toshihiro Horiguchi  Akihiro Goto  Hiroaki Shiraishi  Yasuyuki Shibata  Masatoshi Morita  Makoto Shimizu 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(2):289-298

ABSTRACT:   The seasonal distribution, age, growth and reproductive biology of marbled sole Pleuronectes yokohamae (Günther) from Tokyo Bay, Japan were studied. A clear seasonal distribution trend was observed, with P. yokohamae limited to the south of the bay in summer and expanding almost throughout the bay in other seasons. The formation and dynamics of hypoxic areas in the bay limited the northward distribution of P. yokohamae in summer. Age was determined by counting growth rings on otoliths; maximum ages were found to be 5 years for males and 6 years for females. The mean back-calculated length for females at each estimated age was greater than that for males. Growth of males and females was shown by the von Bertalanffy growth equations. Reproductive biology was studied on the basis of gonadosomatic indices and histological sections of gonads. The spawning season lasted from November to March, peaking in December and January. Sixty per cent of males at 1 year and all males ≥ 2 years had mature testes, whereas 6.7% of females at 1 year, 58.3% of females at 2 years, and all females ≥ 3 years had attained maturity.  相似文献