Dietary administration of Bacillus (B. licheniformis and B. subtilis) and isomaltooligosaccharide influences the intestinal microflora,immunological parameters and resistance against Vibrio alginolyticus in shrimp,Penaeus japonicus (Decapoda: Penaeidae)     

Qin Zhang  Beiping Tan  Kangsen Mai  Wenbing Zhang  Hongming Ma  Qinghui Ai  Xiaojie Wang  Zhiguo Liufu 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(7):943-952

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of oral administration of probiotics (Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis) in combination with prebiotic isomaltooligosaccharide (IMO) on the intestinal microflora and immunological parameters of Penaeus japonicus and its resistence against Vibrio alginolyticus. A basal diet was supplemented with 0% probiotics and prebiotic (control), 10⁸ colony forming unit (CFU) g^?1B. licheniformis and 0.2% IMO (T1), 10⁸ CFU g^?1B. subtilis and 0.2% IMO (T2), 10⁸ CFU g^?1B. licheniformis in combination with 10⁸ CFU g^?1B. subtilis and 0.2% IMO (T3). The results showed that the total bacterial counts significantly increased (P<0.05) and Vibrio counts significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the intestine of shrimp with supplementation of dietary synbiotics. Shrimp fed the diet with both Bacillus probiotics and IMO (T3) produced significantly higher immune parameters (phenoloxidase activity, lysozyme activity and nitric oxide synthase activity and superoxide dismutase activity) than the control group (P<0.05). Significant lower cumulative mortality after challenge with V. alginolyticus was also observed in shrimp fed diet with both Bacillus probiotics and IMO (T3) than that in the control group (P<0.05). The results indicated that the oral administration of probiotics (B. licheniformis and B. subtilis) and prebiotic IMO has positive effects on bacterial flora in P. japonicus gut, and can activate non‐specific immunity of shrimp.  相似文献   

基于gyrB基因的SYBR Green I实时定量PCR检测病原灿烂弧菌          下载免费PDF全文

于永翔  王印庚  刘智超  廖梅杰  张正  荣小军  李彬  战文斌 《渔业科学进展》2014,35(3):134-142

灿烂弧菌Vibrio splendidus是多数海水养殖动物的主要致病菌,对养殖业危害较大。本研究根据灿烂弧菌gyrB基因的保守序列设计特异性引物,建立了SYBR Green I实时定量PCR检测灿烂弧菌的方法。构建含gyrB基因的重组质粒作为标准品,进行SYBR Green I实时定量PCR,在Tm为62℃时,扩增产物的熔解曲线仅有一个单特异峰,扩增所得标准曲线为y=-3.338x+37.67,相关系数为0.999,扩增效率为0.99,最低能检测到20个拷贝。实验结果表明,该检测技术具有较高的特异性、敏感性和重复性,对灿烂弧菌病的快速诊断和流行病学调查有重要意义。  相似文献   

基于toxR基因病原哈氏弧菌PCR检测方法的建立   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姚东瑞  朱明  陈丽  毕可然  史爱琴  张晓君 《水产科学》2011,30(9):559-562

基于toxR基因序列设计检测哈氏弧菌的1对特异性引物,通过PCR反应条件优化、PCR反应特异性及敏感性检测,建立一种哈氏弧菌的特异性分子检测方法.试验结果表明,该引物可使哈氏弧菌扩增出大小为390 bp的toxR基因片段,3种水产动物病原弧菌未扩增出任何条带,敏感性检测结果为该PCR反应最低能检测出0.375 ng/μ...  相似文献   

黄芩苷增强中国对虾组织免疫和解毒代谢能力   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

付媛媛  李健  陈萍  刘磊 《渔业科学进展》2011,32(4):102-111

用含不同浓度梯度(0、50、100、150 mg/kg)黄芩苷的饲料连续投喂健康的中国对虾Fen-neropenaeus chinensis,于给药第1、3、5、7、9、11天采集实验对虾的血淋巴、肝胰腺、肌肉组织,测定不同组织的酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、一氧化氮合酶(INOS)、溶菌酶(LSZ)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的变化,研究黄芩苷对中国对虾非特异性免疫酶活指标和解毒代谢能力的影响。实验结果表明,中、高浓度处理组血淋巴、肝胰腺、肌肉组织的ACP、INOS、SOD在第3天后呈上升趋势,分别达到峰值后趋于稳定状态,与同期对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05);低浓度黄芩苷处理组各种酶活性与同期对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05),而低、中、高浓度处理组血淋巴LSZ酶活性与同期对照组相比差异极显著(P<0.01)。各种酶活亦存在组织差异性,其中ACP、CAT在肝胰腺中活性最高,肌肉和血淋巴次之;而INOS、LSZ、SOD活性,血淋巴中最高,肌肉和肝胰腺次之。同时攻毒试验表明,黄芩苷能有效地降低试验组中国对虾的死亡率,提高免疫保护率。其中,中浓度处理组的保护效果最佳。  相似文献   

Soybean molasses as an organic carbon source in the farming of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) in a biofloc system          下载免费PDF全文

Carlos Manoel do Espírito Santo  Isabela Claudiana Pinheiro  Gabriel Fernandes Alves de Jesus  José Luiz Pedreira Mouriño  Felipe do Nascimento Vieira  Walter Quadros Seiffert 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(4):1827-1835

Soybean molasses was evaluated as a partial replacement for sugarcane molasses as a carbon source for biofloc development in the superintensive culture of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). A 50‐day study was conducted with juvenile (3.2 g) shrimp stocked in 16 800 L tanks at a stocking density of 250 shrimp m^?3. Control of total ammonia concentration was performed by the addition of combined mixtures of soybean and sugarcane molasses to the culture water. Three different molasses treatments were evaluated using different soybean‐to‐sugarcane molasses ratios: 15–85%, 38–62% and 60–40% respectively. The control group was treated only with sugarcane molasses. Water quality, chlorophyll a concentration, heterotrophic bacterial load, Vibrio spp. concentration and zootechnical indexes were all evaluated. Total ammonia concentration was controlled by heterotrophic and chemotrophic pathways. Biofloc formation, as quantified by measuring the total suspended solids, was not altered. The Vibrio spp. concentration showed a significant reduction in treatments with soybean‐to‐sugarcane molasses ratios of 38–62% and 60–40%. All combined mixtures of soybean and sugarcane molasses could maintain water quality and productivity in the superintensive culture of L. vannamei using the biofloc system. Thus, the potential use of a residue from agroindustry as a carbon source in a biofloc culture is demonstrated.  相似文献   

黑褐新糠虾血细胞形态及其与日本新糠虾对溶藻弧菌敏感性的比较     

赵柳兰  杨筱珍  范朋  杨丽丽  张金彪  梁攀  洪宇航  成永旭 《水产学报》2011,35(11):1711-1719

实验采用Giemsa与Wright' s两种染色方法对黑褐新糠虾血细胞进行染色,根据血细胞大小,所含颗粒与否,颗粒多少和核质比将其分型,并对各型血细胞所占比例进行统计.结果表明,通过比较Giemsa染色与Wright's染色两种方法的染色时间和效果,Wright's染色更加适合糠虾血细胞.通过染色,将黑褐新糠虾血细胞分为3种类型,它们分别为透明细胞、半颗粒细胞和颗粒细胞.它们的胞体大小依次增大,核质比依次降低.对此3种类型血细胞比例分别统计后发现,颗粒细胞所占比例最多约( 48.38％±0.05％),其次是半颗粒细胞约为(35.22％±0.04％),最少的为透明细胞约为(16.40％±0.01％).对不同浓度溶藻弧菌的感染试验发现,日本新糠虾在较短的时间内出现死亡,即48h,而黑褐新糠虾72 h出现死亡,各浓度组中日本新糠虾死亡率均高于黑褐新糠虾.黑褐新糠虾相对日本新糠虾来说,对溶藻弧菌具有较低的敏感性,可能与其血细胞中颗粒和半颗粒比例较高有关.  相似文献   

Impact of farm management on expression of early mortality syndrome/acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (EMS/AHPND) on penaeid shrimp farms in Thailand          下载免费PDF全文

V Boonyawiwat  T Patanasatienkul  J Kasornchandra  C Poolkhet  S Yaemkasem  L Hammell  J Davidson 《Journal of fish diseases》2017,40(5):649-659

Asian shrimp farming industry has experienced massive production losses due to a disease caused by toxins of Vibrio bacteria, known as early mortality syndrome/acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (EMS/AHPND) for the last 5 years. The disease can cause up to 100% cumulative pond mortality within a week. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with AHPND occurrence on shrimp farms. A case–control study was carried out on shrimp farms in four provinces of Thailand. Factors related to farm characteristics, farm management, pond and water preparation, feed management, post‐larvae (PL) shrimp and stock management were evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified factors affecting AHPND occurrence at the pond level. Chlorine treatment, reservoir availability, use of predator fish in the water preparation, culture of multiple shrimp species in one farm and increased PL stocking density contributed to an increased risk of AHPND infection, while delayed first day of feeding, polyculture and water ageing were likely to promote outbreak protection. Additionally, the source of PL was found to be associated with AHPND occurrence in shrimp ponds, which requires further study at the hatchery level. Identification of these factors will facilitate the development of effective control strategies for AHPND on shrimp farms.  相似文献   

凡纳滨对虾ARMC8基因的克隆及表达     

黄金凤  杨奇慧  董晓慧  迟淑艳  刘泓宇  谭北平  章双 《水产学报》2017,41(2):171-181

为了研究含Armadillo重复蛋白8在凡纳滨对虾抗病感染过程中所起的免疫作用,本实验采用RACE-PCR技术首次克隆得到凡纳滨对虾ARMC8基因(LvARMC8,Gen Bank注册号:KX058562)的c DNA序列全长,并利用在线软件进行生物信息学分析;采用实时荧光定量PCR(Rt-PCR)技术对LvARMC8基因在凡纳滨对虾不同组织及感染白斑综合征病毒和副溶血弧菌过程中的表达变化特征进行分析。结果显示,LvARMC8基因全长为2917bp,其中开放阅读框长2046 bp,编码681个氨基酸,5′非编码区长49 bp,3′非编码区长822 bp。预测分析显示LvARMC8编码的蛋白质含有6个ARM结构域。同源性分析发现,LvARMC8基因与内华达古白蚁ARMC8基因的相似度最高,为71%。系统进化分析结果显示,LvARMC8和多种无脊椎动物ARMC8聚为一支,其中与昆虫类动物赤拟谷盗、致倦库蚊和柑橘凤蝶的亲缘关系最近。Rt-PCR分析发现,LvARMC8基因在凡纳滨对虾多个组织中均能检测出,在表皮中表达量最高,眼柄中表达量最低。WSSV感染后12 h,LvARMC8基因在凡纳滨对虾血液中的表达量显著降低,但48 h后显著升高,72 h达到最高水平。除副溶血弧菌感染后24 h外的时间点,LvARMC8基因在凡纳滨对虾血液中的表达量均显著升高。研究表明,LvARMC8基因可能参与凡纳滨对虾抗病免疫应答途径。  相似文献   

青岛陆源排污口邻近海域异养细菌的组成与分布   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

刘霜  李永霞  刘旭东  崔正国  王亚楠  孙蓓蓓  宋帅 《渔业科学进展》2014,35(6):23-29

对青岛近海度假区、港口区、养殖区、工业区4类排污口邻近海域异养细菌的组成与分布进行了调查研究,采用海洋异养细菌平板涂布培养法分离细菌,基于16S rDNA的扩增性DNA限制性酶切片段分析(ARDRA)进行聚类筛选并测序鉴定。结果显示,青岛排污口邻近海域可异养培养的菌株分布于变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)4个细菌类群,变形菌门细菌数量占总测序数量的68%,其中γ-变形菌纲的数量在变形菌门中占88%;不同海域中细菌组成与分布有所不同,放线菌门和拟杆菌门的细菌种类较少且各海域分布有所不同,但γ-变形菌纲的弧菌属细菌(Vibrio sp.)在4类海域中均被发现,占总检测量的18.54%,其中溶藻胶弧菌(Vibrio alginolyticus)占弧菌总量的25%。不同海域也检测到V.parahaemolyticus、V.harveyi、V.campbellii、V.parahaemolyticus等水产养殖业的潜在致病菌。根据16S rDNA系统进化关系和细菌门类聚类分析得到的结论推断,工业区与养殖区海域的细菌组成和分布相似度较高,推断各海域的细菌组成与排污口类型有一定相关性。  相似文献   

两种弧菌对菲律宾蛤仔代谢途径影响的比较研究     

刘小莉  侯承宗  来涌凯  高军  李洁  尚秋爽  龙静  邓小玉  邱文彬  孙虎山 《水产科学》2017,(2):143-147

采用基于核磁共振波谱技术的代谢组学技术,探索菲律宾蛤仔在受到鳗弧菌和灿烂弧菌感染的代谢物变化特征,构建菲律宾蛤仔对弧菌感染后的代谢网络调控图谱,并比较两种弧菌毒性效应的差异。试验结果表明,3种代谢物葡萄糖、谷氨酸、苏氨酸在两种弧菌感染时均发生了变化,表征鳗弧菌感染的代谢物为牛磺酸、精氨酸、酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸;而表征灿烂弧菌污染的代谢物为甜菜碱、二甲基甘氨酸、胆碱、谷氨酸、亚牛磺酸。  相似文献