Interspecific hybridization between Coffea arabica L. and tetraploid C. canephora P. Ex Fr. II. Meiosis in F1 hybrids and back crosses to C. Arabica     

J. B. O. Owuor 《Euphytica》1985,34(2):355-360

Summary Melosis was studied in Coffea arabica, in induced tetraploid C. canephora, in their F₁ hybrid (arabusta hybrid) and in backcross generations of the hybrid with C. arabica as recurrent parent. Irregularities were observed, consisting of univalents (especially in the arabusta hybrid), multivalents (especially in tetraploid C. canephora) and uneven distribution of chromosomes at first anaphase. Chromosome distribution was improved by backcrossing. Meiotic irregularities wer negatively correlated with pollen fertility.  相似文献   

NORIN 10 semi-dwarfism in tetraploid wheat and associated effects on yield   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M. D. Gale  G. A. Marshall  R. S. Gregory  J. S. Quick 《Euphytica》1981,30(2):347-354

Summary A genetic study of a range of NORIN 10 based semi-dwarf durum wheats showed that only Gai/Rht 1, located on chromosome 4A, was present. No varieties carrying a second Gai/Rht allele were identified and deliberate attempts to introduce Gai/Rht2 into tetraploid wheats have so far been unsuccessful.In a spaced plant trial of homozygous random F₃ lines from two tall x semi-dwarf crosses, the semi-dwarfs has lower ear yields, due mainly to reduced kernel weight, but had higher tiller numbers than the tall genotypes. Although there was no difference in overall plant yield between talls and semi-dwarfs, an analysis of character associations within the semi-dwarf F₃'s showed positive height-yield and height-kernel weight correlations indicating that selection for tall dwarfs may be a useful breeding strategy in tetraploid wheats.  相似文献   

四倍体刺槐生态饲料林栽培试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王峰 《防护林科技》2011,(2):22-23

四倍体刺槐是近几年培育成功的刺槐新品种,它不但保持了普通刺槐的原有属性,同时又具有很多新的特性.通过对四倍体刺槐生态饲料林栽培技术的试验研究,结果表明,不同定植密度对苗木成活率无显著影响,但对采割量影响显著.以每667 m2定植3 300株枝条采割量最大;四倍体刺槐2号和5号与普通刺槐相比,粗纤维和粗蛋白含量高,灰分含...  相似文献   

四倍体苇状羊茅和多花黑麦草F_1杂种的幼胚培养及再生植株的形态特征   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陈文品  曹明树  张航宁  吴琴生  刘大钧 《南京农业大学学报》1997,(1)

研究了在直接成苗培养基上不萌动的四倍体苇状羊茅和多花黑麦草杂种幼胚通过诱导愈伤组织获得再生杂种苗的方法。结果表明，杂种愈伤组织随着继代培养时间的延长，分化成苗能力逐步下降，在不改变培养基的情况下，分化能力可保持８个月；改变脱分化培养基中ＮＨ４ＮＯ３或ＫＮＯ３的浓度可显著提高愈伤组织的分化能力。此外，还讨论了再生植株的形态变异  相似文献   

四倍体丹参试管苗移栽技术初探     

李红燕  梁宗锁  陈天佑  李晓莉  白吉庆  卫新荣 《西北农业学报》2004,13(1):89-92

对生长1个月左右的四倍体丹参试管苗炼苗后进行不同环境下的移栽试验.结果表明将试管苗栽入盆中,无根苗可以生根且生长良好;试管苗移入土中2～3周后可度过缓苗期,1个月后可以忍受35℃左右的高温,3～4月份大田移栽比较适宜;试管苗以不同密度移栽到苗圃,对成活率有一定影响,在苗圃内移栽试管苗株行距保持在5～7 cm之间较为适宜.  相似文献   

四川四倍体小麦地方品种酯酶同工酶   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9  

兰秀锦  郑有良  刘登才  魏育明  周永红 《四川农业大学学报》2003,21(2):88-90,121

对30份产于四川的四倍体小麦地方品种(T.TurgidumL.)的酯酶同工酶分析表明,四倍体小麦的幼苗、剑叶和幼穗间酯酶同工酶存在较大差异。其中,幼苗有14条带,12种类型;剑叶15条带,13种类型;幼穗13条带,11种类型。3次测定合并分析,则产生21种类型。若仅以1次测定看,多样性指数以剑叶最高,为0 1119,说明剑叶酯酶同工酶能更好地反映其遗传多样性。同时酯酶同工酶的差异证明,来源相同又同名但原始编号不同的两份"棒棒南麦"和两份"早佐"具有不同的基因型,应视为不同的品种。  相似文献   

Natural and human selection for purple-grain tetraploid wheats in the Ethiopian highlands     

Getachew Belay  T. Tesemma  E. Bechere  D. Mitiku 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1995,42(4):387-391

Summary Purple-grain tetraploid wheats (Triticum turgidum L.) are widely cultivated in the Ethiopian highlands despite the claim that they have lower industrial quality properties and market prices than the white or red/brown seed-colour types. In an attempt to find a possible explanation for this, the three seed-colour groups were compared for grain yield, other 11 agronomic traits and protein content. Five traits displayed significant differences between seed colour groups where the purple-seed was superior; earlier maturity, shorter height, and higher fertility, tillering capacity and harvest index. Most of these are important adaptive traits to waterlogging stress on dark-clay soils (pellic vertisols) where the great bulk of the Ethiopian tetraploid wheats have been grown. Furthermore, among the three seed-colour groups, purple-seed wheat has the best malting quality for the preparation of arekie, a locally distilled spirituous liquor. It, therefore, appears that both natural and human selections have been reponsible for their continued cultivation. Hence, the notion that purple-seeded wheat is the “least preferred” should be interpreted carefully not to necessarily address the whole community in Ethiopia. As to their taxonomy, all tetraploid wheat taxa (T. turgidum L. sensu lato, 2n = 4x = 28) that are found in Ethiopia, with the possible exception of T. dicoccon Shrank (locally known as Adja), may possess the purple pericarp-colour, although in varying frequencies; very low inT. polonicum L., and high inT. carthlicum Nevski andT. durum Desf.  相似文献   

我国饲料型四倍体刺槐研究进展   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

李云  姜金仲 《草业科学》2006,23(1):41-46

四倍体刺槐Robinia pseudoacacia自1997年引入我国以来,国内学者对其主要进行了如下几个方面的研究:1)不同地域不同立地条件下的适应性、生物量及叶片营养含量,肯定了饲料型四倍体刺槐的引种价值。2)常规和微繁育苗技术:常规育苗技术中的插根和嫁接繁殖技术已经成熟,达到了规模化生产的要求;微繁技术已找到了愈伤组织诱导及其分化为苗的培养基组合和培养条件以及组培苗的适宜移栽方式。3)抗盐基因遗传转化:已成功地将甜菜碱醛脱氢酶基因(BADH)转入四倍体刺槐,得到了15个抗盐植株,抗盐植株对NaCl的相对抗性提高了2‰~3‰。从引种、造林、微体快繁技术和遗传转化4个方面综述了这些研究成果,并探讨了存在的问题及可能的解决方法。  相似文献   

不同电融合参数及融合液对昆明小鼠2-细胞胚胎融合及囊胚率的影响     

周川  赵云程  黄俊成 《动物医学进展》2012,33(5):56-59

四倍体胚胎在研究哺乳动物配子发生、发育、四倍体的发生、遗传、免疫机制等方面具有重要作用,因此提高融合及发育效率至关重要。为找出适合小鼠2-细胞胚胎融合的最佳方案,试验采用两种融合液0.3mol/L甘露醇溶液和0.3mol/L蔗糖溶液,两种融合液均采用了120V/mm,20μs×2、100V/mm,40μs×2、80V/mm,80μs×2三种电融合参数。其中采用0.3mol/L甘露醇溶液作为融合液且融合参数采用80V/mm,80μs×2获得了92.5%的融合率和90.6%的囊胚率,是小鼠2-细胞胚胎融合的最佳方案。  相似文献   

四倍体刺槐与刺槐光合速率日变化差异   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

宋庆安 《湖南林业科技》2012,(1):14-16,40

为了解四倍体刺槐与刺槐光合生理生态特性的差异,及生长的适宜生态条件,培育出优质高产的林木,采用LI—6400便携式光合测定系统对四倍体刺槐和刺槐的光合生理特性日变化进行了研究。结果表明:①四倍体刺槐的净光合速率(Pn)日变化呈"单峰"型曲线,最高峰值出现在10:30左右;刺槐的Pn日变化呈"双峰型"曲线,有明显的"午休"现象,第一个峰出现在9:00左右,第二个峰出现在15:00左右,第一个峰值明显高于第二个峰值。②Tr在很大程度上决定于气孔的活动状态。③四倍体刺槐的光合能力>刺槐。④四倍体刺槐与刺槐的Pn与Gs成极显著正相关,与Tr成显著性正相关。⑤刺槐对环境的适应能力强于四倍体刺槐。  相似文献