排序方式： 共有32条查询结果，搜索用时 31 毫秒
11.
Chromosomal locations of crossability genes in tetraploid wheat Ailanmai with high crossability native to Jianyang of Sichuan
province, China, was determined by aneuploid analysis employing the D-genome chromosome substitution lines of Langdon durum
wheat and monosomic lines of common wheat, Abbondanza. High crossability of Ailanmai was attributed to recessive crossability
alleles on chromosomes 1A, 6A and 7A. The effects of chromosomes 7A and 1A were stronger than chromosome 6A. These results
indicated that high crossability in Chinese tetraploid wheat cv. Ailanmai and Chinese hexaploid wheat is controlled by different
genetic systems.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
12.
The development of precise genetic stocks in two wheat cultivars and their use in genetic analysis 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
V. S. Arbuzova T. T. Efremova L. I. Laikova O. I. Maystrenko O. M. Popova T. A. Pshenichnikova 《Euphytica》1996,89(1):11-15
Summary The results of genetic studies of common wheat that have been conducted in Novosibirsk, Russia, over the past 20 years by a research team are summarized. The research strategy was to develop a collection of aneuploids and substitution lines to be further used for chromosomal localization of genes and in the study of the genetic variability of wheat. On the basis of two cultivars, namely Saratovskaya 29 and Diamant, we have developed 6 sets of aneuploids with a complete set of monosomic lines for each, plus sets of lines ditelosomic and monotelosomic for standard arms. Exploiting the monotelosomics, 108 single chromosome intervarietal substitutions, 13 lines with alien substitutions (mono- and disomics) and 11 addition lines have been developed. A collection of lines isogenic for dominant marker genes of morphological characters has also been developed. The genetic collection was used in chromosomal localization of 15 genes, for many of which chromosome arms have been determined. Positively or negatively, the question of allelism within some loci has been answered. 相似文献
13.
Seed dormancy mechanisms in warm season grass species 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Embryogenic protoplasts of Dancy tangerine (Citrus reticulata Blanco) were X-ray irradiated at three doses and electrofused with iodoacetic acid-treated embryogenic protoplasts of Page
tangelo (C. reticulata Blanco × C. paradisi Macf.). Shoots could regenerate only from the fusion combination with the lowest irradiation dose, but were recalcitrant
to rooting. In vitro grafting was applied to obtain complete plants. Chromosome examination showed that the plants contained mainly diploid and
aneuploid cells, together with few tetraploid cells, indicating that they were mixoploids. Random amplified polymorphic DNA
analyses with 10-mer arbitrary primers confirmed the plants as true somatic hybrids. This is the first report on regeneration
of mixoploid hybrid plants via protoplast asymmetric fusion in Citrus. Negative effects of ionizing irradiation on regeneration of embryoids and plantlets and possible agronomic interest of the
mixoploid plants are also discussed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
14.
Summary To examine whether chromosome numbers of Brassicoraphanus (amphidiploids between Brassica japonica
Sieb. and Raphanus sativus L.) are stable or not, the following four items were studied with some plants during the 2nd–11th generations: (1) chromosome numbers of open-pollinated progenies from eu-, hyper-, and hypoploids, (2) chromosome distribution at metaphase II in these plants, (3) frequency of euploids in relation to flower colour and generation, (4) seed fertility in eu-and aneuploids in relation to flower colour. In early generations, hyper-and hypoploids were frequently produced from euploids. In later generations, however, the chromosome number became less unstable. In euploids (2n=38), chromosome numbers at metaphase II showed some variation, and the mean frequency of the euploid chromosome number (n=19) was approximately 78%. This value was almost the same in white-and yellow-flowered plants through early and late generations. Nevertheless, yellow-flowered plants tended to produce euploids more frequently than did white-flowered ones. It is assumed that the difference in euploid productivity between yellow-and white-flowered plants is due to the difference in seed fertility between them. The progeny of each hypoploid showed higher chromosome numbers than their parents. The progeny of each hyperploid showed lower chromosome numbers than their parents: they were approaching to euploidy. This phenomenon, together with higher fertility of euploids and lower fertility of aneuploids, will favor the maintenance of euploidy of this strain. 相似文献
15.
Summary A study was conducted to locate the genes responsible for the determination of kernel protein content and tyrosinase activity in a hexaploid wheat variety UP 301 using Pb. C591 monosomic series. Genes located on chromosomes 4B, 5B, 6B, 7B, 3D and 7D of UP 301 controlled protein content of UP 301. Of these the B genome chromosomes were found to have genes for increased protein content while the D genome chromosomes were found to carry genes for low protein content. A major gene coding for tyrosinase enzyme was detected on chromosome 6B of UP 301 and a modifier on chromosome 5B. This indicated the possibility of improving these quality characters through chromosome manipulation. 相似文献
16.
Genetic Control of Vernalization, Day-length Response, and Earliness per se by Homoeologous Group-3 Chromosomes in Wheat 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
To identify homoeologous group-3 chromosomes that carry genes for vernalization, day-length responses, and earliness per se, a series of aneuploid lines (mono-somics and tetrasomics) and chromosome-substitution lines in ‘Chinese Spring’ (CS) were surveyed under different vernalization and day-length regimes in controlled environments. The results indicated that genes on all three chromosomes of group 3 can have striking effects on ear-emergence time. The replacement of CS 3B by its homologues in ‘Lutescens 62’ and ‘Cheyenne’ produced an increased insensitivity to vernalization, while 3B homologues from ‘Ceska Presivka’ gave CS a remarkable sensitivity to vernalization. This provided evidence for multiple allelism at a new Vrn locus on chromosome 3B. A negative association between gene dosage and day-length response was found in CS 3D which was thought to carry a gene for promoting insensitivity to day-length. The behaviour of CS monosomic 3A and CS (Timstein 3A), in reducing numbers of days to heading independently of environmental stimuli, suggested the presence of earliness per se genes on this chromosome. 相似文献
17.
甘蓝异倍体间杂交获得三倍体和非整倍体的研究 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
通过二、四倍体间杂交 ,获得了甘蓝同源三倍体 (2n =3x =2 7) ,其中 4x× 2x的结籽率为 3 .61 % ,2x× 4x的为 0 .57%。用三倍体再与二倍体亲本杂交 ,3x× 2x的结籽率为 1 0 .46 % ,2x× 3x的结籽率为 0 .83 %。在二、三倍体间的杂交子代中非整倍体均占绝大多数 ,其中 3x× 2x的非整倍体率为 85 .2 9% ,2x× 3x的为 75 .90 %。非整倍体类型均以 2n +1的居多 ,从而为甘蓝成套初级三体的建立奠定了基础 相似文献
18.
李德荣 《江西农业大学学报》2003,25(1):117-119
通过对江西4产地石经芮的体细胞染色体观察和初步统计，发现2n=32的体细胞占观察细胞总数的56．1％，同时普遍存在非整倍性体细胞现象，其中，2n为26，28，30的分别占9．3％，9．35和13．0％，2n为16，24的分别占3．4％和8．8％。另外，还观察到少数染色体现的染色体桥，并就以上内容和静止期的核型初步探讨了石龙芮种内演化问题。 相似文献
19.
20.
The Chinese wheat landrace, Xinjiang rice wheat (T. petropavlovskyi Udacz. et Migusch., 2n = 42), known as ‘Daosuimai’ or rice-head wheat is characterized by long glumes, and was found in the
agricultural areas in the west part of Talimu basin, Xinjiang, China in 1948. The gene for long glume from T. petropavlovskyi was introduced into a line of spring durum wheat, LD222. The gene for long glume is located approximately46.8 cm from the
cn-A1 locus, which controls the chlorinatrait. Significant deviation from a 3:1 in the F2 of LDN7D(7A)/ANW5C confirmed that the long glume of T. petropavlovskyi can be controlled by a gene located on chromosome 7A. The gene locates approximately 12.4 ± 0.5 cM from the centromere on
the long arm of 7A. It is considered that the gene for long glume from T. petropavlovskyi is an allele on the P
1 locus, and it should be designated as P
1a. It is suggested that T. petropavlovskyi originated from either the natural hybrid between T. aestivum that has an awn-like appendage on the glume and T. polonicum or a natural point mutation of T. aestivum.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献