混养鲫鱼对罗氏沼虾种虾培育效果的影响     

程海华  郭建林  顾志敏  张宇飞  陈雪峰  徐宾朋  白植标 《水产科学》2019,(3):416-419

在3口面积各为0.3 hm^2、深度2.0 m的长方形池塘(1#、2#、3#)中放入体长0.7～0.8 cm的罗氏沼虾"南太湖2号"无特定病原种虾,密度为3.0×10~5尾/hm^2;养殖30 d时,2#、3#池塘分别混养质量3～4 g/尾的鲫鱼450、900尾,1#池塘不混养作对照组。经过近110 d的培育,1#、2#、3#池塘"南太湖2号"种虾的平均体质量分别达18.36、18.95、22.6 g,收获量分别达931.5、898.4、842.95 kg,饵料系数分别为1.36、1.53和1.71。试验结果表明,罗氏沼虾"南太湖2号"种虾培育池塘混养合理密度的鲫鱼,虽然影响种虾养殖产量,饲料系数增大,但培育出的种虾个体较大,饱满度较高,作为亲本可以为后期育苗工作的顺利开展打下良好基础。  相似文献   

Effect of prebiotic xylooligosaccharides on growth performances and digestive enzyme activities of allogynogenetic crucian carp (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Carassius auratus gibelio</Emphasis>)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xu B  Wang Y  Li J  Lin Q 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2009,35(3):351-357

The effect of prebiotic xylooligosaccharides (XOS) on the growth performance and digestive enzyme activities of the allogynogenetic crucian carp, Carassius auratus gibelio, was investigated. XOS was added to fish basal semi-purified diets at three concentrations by dry feed weight: diet 1, 50 mg kg⁻¹; diet 2, 100 mg kg⁻¹; diet 3, 200 mg kg⁻¹, respectively. Twelve aquaria (n = 20) with three replicates for each treatment group (diets 1–3) and control treated without XOS were used. Weights of all collected carp from each aquarium were determined at the initial phase and at the end of the experiment, and the carp survival was also determined by counting the individuals in each aquarium. After 45 days, there were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the relative gain rate (RGR), and daily weight gain (DWG) of diets 1–3 were compared with the control. However, the survival rate was not affected (P > 0.05) by the dietary treatments. For enzymatic analysis, dissection produced a crude mixture of intestine and hepatopancreas of each segment to measure. The protease activity in the intestine and hepatopancreas content of fish in diet 2 (487.37 ± 20.58 U g⁻¹ and 20.52 ± 1.93 U g⁻¹) were significantly different (P < 0.05) from that in the control (428.13 ± 23.26 U g⁻¹ and 12.81 ± 1.52 U g⁻¹) and diet 3 (428.00 ± 23.78 U g⁻¹ and 14.04 ± 1.59 U g⁻¹). Amylase activity in the intestine was significantly higher for diet 2 compared to diet 1 and the control. As for amylase in the hepatopancreas, assays showed higher activity in diet 2 (P < 0.05) compared to the rest.  相似文献   

敌百虫在异育银鲫体内富集与消除规律     

沈美芳  周璇  宋红波  吴光红  杭苏琴 《淡水渔业》2009,39(1)

在(20±2)℃的水温条件下,将异育银鲫(Carassais auratus gibebio)分别浸浴于0.2 mg/L、0.5 mg/L浓度(理论浓度)的敌百虫水溶液进行7 d富集试验,第8天起隔天换清水进行消除试验,研究了敌百虫在异育银鲫体内的富集与消除规律。结果显示:鳃组织中敌百虫富集浓度最高,且给药后2 h时就接近水体中药物浓度,7 d内一直保持在相对较平稳的浓度水平;肝胰脏、肌肉组织中敌百虫浓度随时间延长逐渐增高,肝胰脏组织富集浓度略高于肌肉组织。消除试验1 d后鳃组织中敌百虫浓度迅速下降,消除了91.4%,以后消除速度趋缓,至第5~7天未检出敌百虫;肝胰脏、肌肉组织中敌百虫浓度随试验时间延长逐渐降低,且分别在消除试验的第5天、第7天未检出敌百虫,肝胰脏组织中敌百虫消除速度比肌肉组织中快。  相似文献   

一种佐剂新材料在嗜水气单胞菌灭活疫苗浸泡免疫鲫中的应用效果     

任燕  时云朵  石存斌  吴淑勤 《水产学报》2018,42(1):112-119

为研究蓖麻油聚乙二醇单酯葡萄糖苷(CPMG)在细菌灭活疫苗浸泡免疫中的佐剂作用,将CPMG和嗜水气单胞菌灭活疫苗联合施用,二次浸泡免疫异育银鲫后饲养在室内玻璃缸中,用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-PCR)检测加强免疫后2、4、7、11、14和21 d脾脏中Ig M、IL-1β、C3、C-凝集素和溶菌酶的m RNA表达量,首次免疫30 d后用同源菌株活菌攻击实验鱼;同时,用含CPMG、山莨菪碱复合佐剂的灭活疫苗浸泡免疫异育银鲫一次后饲养在池塘网箱中,定期抽取血液检测血清抗体效价并用同源菌株人工感染实验鱼。结果显示,CPMG佐剂组和无佐剂组的5个免疫相关基因的相对表达量显著高于对照组,CPMG组Ig M基因较无佐剂组更早表达,补体C3、C-凝集素以及溶菌酶的基因表达量更高或表达持续时间更长。血清抗体效价在免疫后2周达到160,6周达到峰值640,12周降低为40。室内玻璃缸中二次免疫30 d后,CPMG组的平均相对保护率达到70.6%,复合佐剂组达到88.2%,均显著高于无佐剂组的56.0%。池塘网箱中一次浸泡免疫30、60和120 d后,平均相对保护率分别为54.6%、44.0%和12.5%。研究表明,CPMG与嗜水气单胞菌灭活疫苗共同浸泡免疫异育银鲫,增强了脾脏中Ig M、IL-1β、C3、C-凝集素以及溶菌酶基因表达,提高了异育银鲫抗嗜水气单胞菌感染的能力。  相似文献   

生物絮团养殖模式下益生菌添加对异育银鲫生长、消化酶活性及肠道组织结构的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

徐晨  李烨  孙启睿  张明明  王资生  叶仕根  乔帼  李强 《中国水产科学》2018,25(5):1004-1011

前期研究表明,生物絮团技术(biofloc technology,BFT)适于异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)养殖。为进一步优化BFT养殖模式,本研究设置3个实验组:BFT模式下EM菌添加组(BB组)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)添加组(BI组)和BFT对照组(B组),以均体重(1.60±0.50)g的异育银鲫为研究对象,探讨BFT模式下外源添加益生菌对养殖动物生长、消化酶活性及肠道组织结构的影响。结果表明:(1)益生菌添加组异育银鲫增重率和特定生长率显著高于对照组(P0.05),BB和BI组的增重率分别提高了216.70%和184.04%,特定生长率分别提高了141.18%和125.49%,BB和BI组间差异不显著(P0.05);(2)益生菌添加组(BB组和BI组)的消化酶(淀粉酶、脂肪酶和胃蛋白酶)活性均显著高于对照组(B组)(P0.05)。益生菌添加组间,BB组淀粉酶活性显著高于BI组(P0.05),脂肪酶和胃蛋白酶活性亦高于BI组,但差异不显著(P0.05);(3)益生菌添加组肠道肌层厚度和黏膜下层厚度显著高于对照组(B组)(P0.05),BB组异育银鲫肠道黏膜皱襞高度和皱襞间质宽度与BI和对照组相比,均无显著差异(P0.05)。研究表明,BFT养殖模式下外源添加益生菌可以更好地促进异育银鲫生长。  相似文献   

Effects of dietary coated protease on growth performance,feed utilization,nutrient apparent digestibility,intestinal and hepatopancreas structure in juvenile Gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio)          下载免费PDF全文

Z. Li  Z.Y. Duan  H. Wen 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2018,24(1):47-55

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary protease on growth performance, feed utilization, whole‐body proximate composition, nutrient digestibility, intestinal and hepatopancreas structure of juvenile Gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio (mean weight 8.08 ± 0.18 g). Six diets were prepared, including a positive control diet (dietary protein 350 g/kg, PC), one negative control diet (dietary protein 33 g/kg, NC) and four protease supplementations diets, which were 75, 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg protease NC diet. After 12 weeks of diet feeding in indoor recycle aquarium tanks, no significant difference (p > .05) was found on growth performance between fish fed diet with 75–600 mg/kg protease and the PC group. Compared with the fish fed the NC diet, the specific growth rate of fish fed 300 mg/kg protease increased significantly (p < .05), as well as protein efficiency ratios (p < .05), while feed conversion was the opposite (p < .05). The nutrient digestibility of crude protein and lipid was higher (p < .05) in fish fed 150 mg/kg protease diet than the PC diet. Whole‐body proximate composition of fish was not affected (p > .05) by the dietary treatment. Serum alkaline phosphatase and albumin were significantly affected by dietary protease (p < .05), while the content of total protein, glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities in serum was not affected (p > .05). Foregut muscular thickness was thinner (p < .05), when the fish fed diets supplementation of protease in 150 or 600 mg/kg diet than the NC diet. Protease activities in hepatopancreas and foregut were higher (p < .05), in the fish fed 150 or 300 mg/kg protease diet than the fish fed the PC diet, but those in the mid‐ and hindgut were not significantly affected (p > .05) by the dietary treatments. Based on the regression analysis of weight gain rate, the optimal dietary inclusion level of protease was 400 mg/kg in the diet for juvenile Carassius auratus gibelio.  相似文献   

枇杷多糖对草金鱼免疫特性的影响     

刘成荣 《福建农业学报》2016,(7):694-698

研究枇杷多糖对草金鱼Carassius auratus免疫功能的影响,为水产动物病害的防治及充分利用枇杷资源提供依据。以草金鱼为试材,通过注射的方式免疫草金鱼,研究枇杷多糖对草金鱼超氧化物歧化酶、溶菌酶、酚氧化酶、白细胞吞噬率的影响,结果表明:注射枇杷多糖质量浓度为1.0mg·mL~(-1),免疫21h时草金鱼血液SOD、溶菌酶活性均达到最大,分别为37.8U和128U;注射枇杷多糖质量浓度1.5mg·mL~(-1),免疫28h时,草金鱼血清酚氧化酶活力和白细胞吞噬率均达最大,分别为4.1U、55.68%,说明枇杷多糖可以提高草金鱼的免疫功能。  相似文献   

黄芪、黄连与柴胡对鲫鱼肝脏药物代谢酶活性及体内吡喹酮代谢的影响          下载免费PDF全文

刘腾飞  孙晶  马荣荣  肖艳翼  朱凤娇  杨先乐  胡鲲 《南方农业学报》2016,47(9):1596-1601

【目的】分析黄芪(Astragalus membranaceus)、柴胡(Bupleurum chinensis)和黄连(Coptis chinensis)3种中药对鲫鱼(Carassius auratus)体内吡喹酮代谢及CYP1A1和CYP3A活性的影响,明确中西药联合使用的相互作用机制,为健全水产品安全用药体系打下基础。【方法】试验共分8组(A0空白对照组和A1吡喹酮对照组投喂基础饵料,A2~A4组、B2~B4组分别投喂添加有黄芪、柴胡和黄连的饵料),饲喂30 d后,A1~A4组鲫鱼以10 mg/kg剂量单次经口灌服吡喹酮,并在给药后0.25、0.5、1、3、6、12、24、48和96 h于尾静脉采血,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分析不同时间点血液中吡喹酮浓度;同时在给药3 h后测定A0~A4组、B2~B4组鲫鱼肝脏中的CYP1A1和CYP3A活性。【结果】A1~A4各组鲫鱼血液中吡喹酮浓度呈先升后降的变化趋势,A1、A2和A3组鲫鱼血液中吡喹酮达峰时间(Tmax)均为1 h,峰值(Cmax)分别为2.71、2.90和3.01 mg/L;A4组鲫鱼血液中吡喹酮达峰时间(Tmax)为3 h,峰值(Cmax)为2.50 mg/L。 A2~A4组鲫鱼血液吡喹酮消除半衰期(t1/2β)与药时曲线下面积(AUC(0-∞))均高于A1组,而总体清除率(CL/F)较A1组明显降低;吡喹酮可显著提高鲫鱼肝脏CYP1A1和CYP3A活性(P<0.05,下同),而黄芪、柴胡和黄连对吡喹酮引起的CYP1A1和CYP3A活性升高具有显著抑制效果。【结论】黄芪、柴胡和黄连虽然能够提高吡喹酮在机体内的生物利用率,却延缓其代谢,致使吡喹酮在鲫鱼体内的残留时间延长,对食品安全造成极大威胁。因此,水产生产上中药与吡喹酮配伍使用时应当慎重。  相似文献   

鲤疱疹病毒Ⅱ型对异育银鲫背鳍细胞的显微形态与免疫基因表达水平的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

夏思瑶  王浩  Patorida Podok  许丹  姜有声  吕利群  佐野元彦 《水产学报》2016,40(12):1915-1922

为研究鲤疱疹病毒Ⅱ型(Cy HV-2)体外感染复制特征以及异育银鲫抗病毒免疫应答反应。本实验采用组织块培养法建立了异育银鲫背鳍细胞的原代培养体系。结果显示,在10 d左右可观察到组织块迁移分离出新的单层细胞,3周左右细胞可覆盖底部面积为25cm2培养瓶的底部;经Cy HV-2悬液感染离体培养的原代细胞,3 d后病毒滴度增殖至106拷贝/m L;在病毒感染6 d后出现典型的细胞病变效应;Cy HV-2感染原代细胞后,分析前期通过鱼体水平实验鉴定出的与该病毒感染相关的免疫基因:PNP5a、MPO、MHCⅠ、LYZ-C、IL-11、ITLN、PNP5a和DUSP,Real-time Rt-PCR结果显示大部分基因在细胞水平均有显著性的上调,与鱼体水平实验结果一致。本研究建立了原代培养的异育银鲫背鳍细胞,用于构建体外感染Cy HV-2病毒的细胞模型,为深入研究Cy HV-2的感染复制规律及其与宿主的相互作用关系,以及细胞水平筛选抗病毒药物实验奠定了基础。  相似文献   

多子小瓜虫滋养体糖蛋白残基的种类和分布研究     

赖晓健  熊静  张哲  李忠琴 《水产科学》2016,(6):713-717

应用伴刀豆凝集素A、麦胚凝集素、大豆凝集素和荆豆凝集素Ⅰ,检测寄生于金鱼皮肤、鳃和鳍上的多子小瓜虫滋养体糖蛋白残基的种类和分布。研究结果发现,伴刀豆凝集素A和麦胚凝集素免疫阳性染色在金鱼皮肤、鳃和鳍寄生的滋养体上均有分布,麦胚凝集素免疫阳性染色强于伴刀豆凝集素A,未见有大豆凝集素和荆豆凝集素Ⅰ免疫阳性染色。鳃上寄生的滋养体伴刀豆凝集素A免疫阳性染色最强,皮肤次之,鳍最弱。鳍上寄生的滋养体麦胚凝集素免疫阳性染色最强,皮肤次之,鳃最弱。研究结果表明,滋养体有单糖D-甘露糖和D-葡萄糖,以及氨基衍生物乙酰氨基葡萄糖。寄生于鳃上的滋养体D-甘露糖和D-葡萄糖可能较多,寄生在鳍上的滋养体乙酰氨基葡萄糖可能较多。  相似文献