氟苯尼考及其代谢物在淡水小龙虾中残留消除规律的研究     

陈晋旭  季辉  彭麟  许莹  刘利锋  江善祥 《南京农业大学学报》2012,35(2):110-114

本试验建立了小龙虾组织中氟苯尼考(FF)和氟苯尼考胺(FFA)残留的高效液相色谱检测方法,并采用连续6 d药浴(水温25℃)的方式,研究淡水小龙虾肌肉和肝胰脏中FF及其主要代谢物FFA代谢动力学和消除规律。检测方法是以PBS(pH 6.0)和乙酸乙酯-氨水(体积比为98∶2)作为提取溶剂,采用XTerra@RP18(5μm,4.6 mm×250 mm)反向色谱柱,利用乙腈-磷酸二氢钠缓冲液(体积比为3∶7)为流动相,流速0.8 mL.min-1,紫外检测波长224 nm。在添加20～500μg.kg-1标样时,该方法的回收率大于70%,变异系数低于7.92%。FF和FFA的检出限分别为20μg.kg-1和10μg.kg-1。残留消除试验结果表明:在药浴FF 6 d后,在组织中两种药物均检出,说明其代谢物也有出现。停药后168 h,肌肉中检测不到FFA;停药后336 h,肝胰脏中检测不到FFA残留,肌肉和肝胰脏中均检测不到FF残留。两种药物在肝胰脏的消除速率都慢于肌肉,FF的消除速率均略慢于FF和FFA总量在组织中的消除速率,肝胰脏中的FFA浓度远高于肌肉中的。FF和FFA两种药物残留总量在淡水小龙虾肌肉和肝胰脏的消除曲线方程分别是y=505.06e-0.012 9x和y=775.71e-0.010 0x、y=690.78e-0.013 5x和y=1 778.7e-0.011 1x,消除半衰期(t1/2)分别为51.33 h和62.43 h,在肌肉和肝胰脏中降至100μg.kg-1的理论时间分别为5.94 d和10.8 d。考虑到温度为影响药物代谢和残留的最主要环境因素,建议FF在小龙虾体内的休药期为270℃.d。  相似文献   

贮藏温度对炝蟹品质的影响     

钱佳敏  张进杰  徐大伦  楼乔明  杨文鸽  胡奇杰 《核农学报》2019,33(8):1535-1543

为阐明不同贮藏温度下炝蟹品质的变化和食用安全性,本试验以三疣梭子蟹为材料制作炝蟹,探讨冻藏(-18℃)和冷藏(4℃)条件下炝蟹感官品质、菌落总数(TVC)、挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)和生物胺的变化规律,并对其生物胺与其他品质指标进行相关性分析。结果表明,贮藏温度对炝蟹感官品质TVC、TVB-N等指标的劣变具有显著的影响。-18℃冻藏和4℃冷藏条件下,炝蟹感官品质分别于第10天和第6个月超出可接受限值;随着贮藏时间的延长,4℃冷藏条件下炝蟹TVC值显著增加,但至贮藏16 d时仍小于5 lg(CFU·g^-1),TVB-N值于贮藏12 d时超出一级鲜度临界值;-18℃冻藏过程中炝蟹TVC值略有增加,但变化不显著,TVB-N值于第6个月超出一级鲜度临界值。4℃冷藏过程中炝蟹中共检测出8种生物胺,而-18℃冻藏过程中共检测出5种生物胺。此外,色胺、腐胺和酪胺是炝蟹贮藏过程中产生的主要生物胺,且与其他品质均具有显著相关性。本研究结果为炝蟹在贮藏过程中的安全性和货架期预测提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

增效胺合成路线的研究     

黄孟娇  马晓平  吴华 《上海交通大学学报(农业科学版)》1998,(3)

增效胺是天然除虫菊素与似除虫菊酯的一种增效剂,由于其明显的增效效果,因而有其广阔的发展前途。本文主要讨论改进增效胺合成路线对其产量、纯度及其反应条件的影响。  相似文献   

Limaria hians (Mollusca: Limacea): a neglected reef‐forming keystone species     

J.M. Hall‐Spencer  P.G. Moore 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2000,10(4):267-277

1. The case is made for recognition of the marine bivalve Limaria hians as a reef‐forming species, which plays a key architectural role in certain benthic communities around the United Kingdom and Ireland. 2. This species uses byssal threads to construct nests that can coalesce to form reefs that cover hectares of seabed, contain multiple conspecifics and bind sediment. In so doing, L. hians modifies physical, chemical and biological processes at the sediment–water interface. 3. Such nests support a high diversity of associated organisms in coarse‐grade sediments (19 species of algae and 265 species of invertebrates from six discrete nests in Loch Fyne are reported on), although the biological interactions between species both inside and outside this assemblage (e.g. predatory cod) are unknown. 4. Being insubstantial, labyrinthine structures situated on the sediment surface, Limaria nests are sensitive to mechanical impacts, such as those caused by moorings, hydraulic dredging for infaunal bivalves and scallop dredging. 5. At appropriate sites, the status of L. hians can contribute a useful indication of disturbance on coarse‐grade sediments. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Habitat characterization,anthropogenic impacts and conservation of rhodolith beds off southeastern Malta     

Luke Tabone  Leyla Knittweis  Ricardo Aguilar  Helena Alvarez  Joseph A. Borg  Silvia Garcia  Patrick J. Schembri  Julian Evans 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2024,34(4):e4148

水产品中氯霉素、甲砜霉素、氟苯尼考、氟苯尼考胺多残留的同时测定—GC/MS法   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

邵会  冷凯良  周明莹  高华  孙伟红  邢丽红  苗钧魁  刘坤 《渔业科学进展》2015,36(3):137-141

采用气相色谱-质谱法建立基质加标标准曲线,对中国对虾、大菱鲆、鲫鱼、鳗鱼、蟹、甲鱼6种主要养殖水产品肌肉组织中氯霉素类药物:氯霉素(CAP)、甲砜霉素(TAP)、氟苯尼考(FF)及其代谢物氟苯尼考胺(FFA)的多残留同时进行检测。结果显示,CAP在2–200 ng/ml浓度范围内,线性关系良好;TAP、FF和FFA在5–200 ng/ml浓度范围内,线性关系良好,其相关系数均大于0.990。加标回收率在76.4%–94.3%之间,相对标准偏差在5.7%–13.9%之间。检出限:CAP为0.2μg/kg,TAP、FF和FFA均为1.0μg/kg。定量限:CAP为0.5μg/kg,TAP、FF和FFA均为3.0μg/kg。研究表明,该方法具有准确、高效、灵敏、特异性强的特点,可以满足水产品中CAP、TAP、FF和FFA多残留的同时检测的要求。  相似文献   

Formation of Biogenic Amines and Associated Biochemical and Microbial Attributes of Whole Sutchi Catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) during Iced Storage     

S. J. Laly  Jeyakumari Annamalai  K. Ashok Kumar  T. V. Sankar  Lalitha KV  George Ninan 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2019,28(2):221-232

Sutchi catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) is a highly preferred farmed species that is produced in huge quantities. Meat from ice-stored (4 ± 2°C) whole Sutchi catfish was evaluated for formation of biogenic amines, such as putrescine, cadaverine, histamine (HIM), agmatine, tyramine, spermine, and spermidine, and compared with biochemical, microbial, and sensory attributes during 22 days. Analysis of content of biogenic amines in the meat was carried out by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry using a without derivatization method. Three amines, namely, tyramine, spermidine, and spermine, were only present on 0^th day of storage. Presence of cadaverine was noticed from 9^th day onwards, where the aerobic plate count (APC) reached 4.85 log CFU/g. Putrescine was detected on the 22^nd day of storage, where the APC crossed 7 log CFU/g. HIM was detected in lower quantities from 3^rd day onwards. A shelf life of 15 days was determined based on sensory and microbiological evaluation. Although the samples were biochemically acceptable throughout the storage period, APC exceeded the limit on day 19, and the gradual increase of H₂S-producing bacteria, Brochothrix thermosphacta, Aeromonas, and Enterobacteriaceae, was observed during storage.  相似文献   

不同贮藏温度下猪肉货架期预测模型建立     

党晓燕  朱迎春  王凯丽  王玮  王文祥 《东北农业大学学报》2016,(11):76-84

为探讨不同贮藏温度对猪肉中生物胺含量影响并建立货架期预测模型,将猪肉背最长肌分别贮藏于-3、4及10℃条件下,在0、4、8、12、16、20、24、32、40、48 d测定样品中细菌总数(TVC)、挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)及生物胺含量,利用阿伦尼乌斯(Arrhenius)方程,建立预测猪肉货架期动力学模型。结果表明,随贮藏时间延长,猪肉中TVC,TVB-N、腐胺、酪胺、总生物胺含量增加。利用Arrhenius方程构建生物胺总量与贮藏温度、贮藏时间之间动力学模型相对误差在10%以内。试验表明,该模型可在-3~10℃范围内对猪肉货架期准确预测,为猪肉包装贮藏及流通智能化预测提供理论依据。  相似文献   

Afforestation of semi-arid shrubland reduces biogenic NO emission from soil     

I. Gelfand  G. Feig  D. Yakir 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2009,41(7):1561-1570

Nitric oxide (NO) plays a central role in the formation of tropospheric ozone, hydroxyl radicals, as well as nitrous and nitric acids. There are, however, large uncertainties around estimates of global NO emissions due to the paucity of data. In particular, there is little information on the rate of NO emission and its sensitivity to processes such as land use changes in dry environments. Here we report on a two-year study on the influence of afforestation on soil NO fluxes in the semi-arid afforestation system in Southern Israel (Yatir forest, mean annual precipitation ∼280 mm). Laboratory incubations were carried out under seasonally defined conditions of soil moisture and temperature using soils sampled in different seasons from the native shrubland (taken both under shrub canopy and in the inter-shrub areas), and from the adjacent ∼2800 ha, 40-year-old pine afforestation site. Combining laboratory results with field measurements of soil moisture and temperature, we up-scaled soil-atmosphere NO fluxes to the ecosystem level. The different microsites differed in their annual mean NO release rates (0.04, 0.14 and 0.03 mg m⁻² d⁻¹ for the shrubland under and between shrubs and for the forest, respectively), and exhibited high inter-seasonal variability in NO emission rates (ranging from zero up to 0.25 mg m⁻² d⁻¹ in the wet and dry-rewetting seasons, respectively), as well as in temperature responses. Up-scaling results to annual and ecosystem scales indicated that afforestation of the semi-arid shrubland could reduce soil NO emission by up to 65%.  相似文献   

松香胺和葡萄糖美拉德反应初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘国成  黄荣文  张加研 《西南林学院学报》2009,29(4):88-90

为了拓宽松香及其衍物的研究与应用领域,对松香胺和葡萄糖发生美拉德反应的条件进行研究,通过单因素试验和正交试验确定最适宜的反应条件,结果为：反应温度65℃,反应时间4．5h,葡萄糖与松香胺物质的量的比值为1．0,pH=8。反应产物具有一定的香味,颜色为褐色,符合美拉德反应的特征。  相似文献