蜂花粉系列研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

蒋滢  黄美英等 《中国蜂业》2001,52(6):6-8

系统研究了蜂花粉营养成分及生物学功能，说明花粉属于完全营养食品并具有多种生物学作用。  相似文献   

北沙柳研究进展     

路东晔  张国盛  张磊  郝蕾  黄海广 《分子植物育种》2020,(10):3427-3432

北沙柳属杨柳科柳属植物,具有萌蘖力强,耐旱、耐盐碱和抗风沙的特点,是中国西北地区固沙造林的主要树种之一,兼具生态效益、经济效益和社会效益。我们综述了国内外近年来北沙柳的相关研究成果包括生长繁殖、生理生态特征、与真菌共生作用、防风固沙、分子生物学及产业化开发与利用,并对未来发展前景做出展望,提出优良种质资源收集、分子定向育种和资源合理开发等建议,旨在为北沙柳的种质资源库管理、资源保护和合理开发应用提供科学依据。  相似文献   

The reproductive biology of okra. 1. Study of the breeding system in four Abelmoschus species     

Serge Hamon  Jean Koechlin 《Euphytica》1991,53(1):41-48

Summary The breeding system of Abelmoschus species is not well known. Although being self-compatibles allogamy reaches 63%. The aim of the study was to place four Abelmoschus species on the log P/O scale devised by Cruden (1977). On this scale P = pollen grains per anther × anthers per flower and O = ovules production. Pollens and ovules productions were therefore assessed for 68 accessions of two cultivated species, A. esculentus and A. caillei, and two wild, A. manihot and A. moschatus. Extreme log P/O values ranged from 1.69 for the variety Clemson Spineliss (A. esculentus) to 2.94 for ORS 278 (A. manihot). Averages of wild species A. moschatus (2.17) and A. manihot (2.19) indicate facultative autogamy. Averages for cultivated species A. esculentus (2.00) and A. caillei (2.05) suggest more autogamy.  相似文献   

The reproductive biology of three perennial Sesbania species (Leguminosae)     

J. H. Heering 《Euphytica》1993,74(1-2):143-148

Summary The reproductive biology of Sesbania sesban, S. goetzei and S. keniensis (Leguminosae; Papilionoideae) was studied. Fifty percent flowering was observed at 102 to 153 days after germination for S. sesban accessions; 96 to 146 days for S. goetzei and 131 to 176 days for S. keniensis accessions. Flowers opened in the afternoon and remained fresh for 2–3 days. Bee species including Xylocopa sp., Apis mellifera, Megachile bituberculata and Chalicodoma sp. visited the flowers. Hand pollination experiments showed that all three species were self and cross compatible. The percentage of fully developed seeds was greater in pods formed after cross pollination compared to self pollination. No evidence was found for stigmatic or stylar self incompatibility. Outcrossing is probably the common method of reproduction under natural conditions, although in isolated trees substantial seed set by selfing might occur. Pod production under natural conditions was 34% for S. sesban; 49% for S. goetzei and 39% for S. keniensis. Considerable variation was found in pod production under open pollination between accessions of the same species. Selective abortion was observed within pods, with more mature seeds formed at the distal end of the pod.  相似文献   

Partial self-compatibility in ‘Tombul’ and ‘Montebello’ hazelnuts   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shawn A. Mehlenbacher  David C. Smith 《Euphytica》1991,56(3):231-236

Summary Self-pollination of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) cultivars in 1988 and 1990 revealed the existence of partial self-compatibility in Tombul and Montebello. Percent cluster set in these cultivars averaged 44 and 20%, respectively, but was less than 10% in 8 other cultivars investigated. Percent cluster set from pollination with Segorbe averaged 62 and 41% in 1988 and 1990, respectively. Self-pollination produced 40% fewer nuts per cluster and twice as many blanks as cross-pollination. All cultivars and selections have an active sporophytic incompatibility system.Evaluation of self-compatibility in seedlings from the cross Montebello × Compton revealed that the partial self-compatibility of the maternal parent was transmitted to some of the progeny. Self-pollination resulted in greater than 10% cluster set in two selections, OSU 41.134 and OSU 43.025, in both years, but only in 1988 in OSU 42.089 and Willamette. Three other selections had very low set in both years. Results of incompatible crosses with standard testers were generally in agreement with those of self-pollination, except that the S₂ tester induced greater set on 3 genotypes in 1988 and the S1 tester on 2 genotypes in 1990 than self-pollination. The partial self-compatibility of Montebello, OSU 41.134, and OSU 43.025 appears to be due to a failure of their stigmas to prohibit pollen tube growth in incompatible crosses. There is no evidence of a pollen-part mutation in Montebello, nor is there evidence that partial self-compatibility is due to the interaction of S-alleles, as Barcelona, which has the same alleles as these three genotypes, failed to set nuts in all incompatible crosses.  相似文献   

棉花黄萎病菌分子生物学研究新进展     

邹亚飞  简桂良  李华荣  马存  田东兰 《棉花学报》2001,13(4):254-256

本文以分子生物学研究手段为纲 ,从RFLP、RAPD、ITS等方面 ,综述了国内外在棉花黄萎病菌种内划分及致病力分化上的研究状况及最新进展  相似文献   

落叶松人工林重要害虫天敌——大腹圆蛛生物学特性及其对害虫控制作用的研究          下载免费PDF全文

王志明  刘进宝  王海峰  杨彦龙 《林业科学研究》2011,24(1):39-44

大腹圆蛛(Araneus ventricosus)在吉林省2年完成1代,跨3个年度,以1-2龄和6-7龄若蛛越冬。该蛛除卵期及1、2龄蛛外,其它龄态的若、成蛛均张网捕食生活。该蛛喜居有光的栖境,在林缘、林窗处、路旁处结圆形垂直网,昼伏夜出,在小雨条件下可以正常活动。大腹圆蛛对小型猎物可直接取食,对中、大型猎物,需缠绕成束的捕获丝缚住再取食。在林间大腹圆蛛可取食多种蛾和叶蜂成虫,包括兴安落叶松鞘蛾、落叶松毛虫、黄褐幕枯叶蛾、舞毒蛾、栎毒蛾、松皮小卷蛾、松廮小卷蛾、伊藤厚丝叶蜂和落叶松叶蜂等多种落叶松害虫,是一种有效的害虫天敌。  相似文献   

机敏漏斗蛛生物学特性观察研究     

毕红玉  王昌贵  李宜文  徐萍  陈睿 《山东林业科技》2011,41(3):37-39

机敏漏斗蛛（Aqelena difficilis）,在山东省日照市沿海地区1年发生1代,以不同的若蛛在林下杂草、枯枝落叶丛、石块下越冬。翌年4月上旬出蛰活动,若蛛经8龄,6月下旬发育至成蛛,7月上旬开始交配,8月上旬开始产卵,孵化若蛛,10月下旬开始越冬。卵期10.4天,成蛛期69天。雌雄比4：1,是多种害虫的重要天敌。该蛛发生与海拔、农药、天敌、风雨等外界因子关系密切。封山育林,严禁放牧、烧荒,禁用化学农药,是保护成若蛛、扩大繁殖的关键。  相似文献   

Effect of tillage and N fertilization on microbial physiological profile of soils cultivated with wheat     

Gabriela Diosma  Mnica Aulicino  Hugo Chidichimo  Pedro A. Balatti 《Soil & Tillage Research》2006,91(1-2):236-243

Microbial diversity might be a good indicator of ecosystem disturbance and functioning. We determined the effect of soil disturbances, such as N fertilization and tillage management, on soil microbial communities in a Typic Argiudoll of the El Salado river basin (Argentina). Microbial activity and substrate utilization provided a metabolic fingerprint of the soil microbial community. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to differentiate responses to N fertilization and tillage at each of three growth stages of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Tillage had an adverse effect on microbial diversity, in which reduced and conventional tillage treated soils had different populations. However, N fertilization also altered microbial diversity depending on the crop developmental stage considered. Metabolism of carboxylic acids and carbohydrates were the main indicators of functional microbial activity and diversity. Although the substrate consumption profile of 32 C substrates did not provide insights into the fundamental ecological interactions that may induce changes in microbial population, it allowed us to demonstrate the alterations of microbial diversity as a result of tillage. We conclude that tillage and N fertilization altered microbial diversity.  相似文献   

Where systems biology meets postharvest     

Maarten L.A.T.M. Hertog  David R. RudellRomina Pedreschi  Robert J. SchafferAnnemie H. Geeraerd  Bart M. Nicolaï  Ian Ferguson 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2011,62(3):223-237

According to the dictionary, a system is something like “a group or combination of interrelated, interdependent, or interacting elements forming a collective entity”. In postharvest, fresh harvested food crops can be considered isolated small scale systems. Postharvest research aims to understand the quality of these ‘systems’ as influenced by postharvest conditions. The phenotypic quality of horticultural produce is based on genetic traits that are expressed through a cascade of reactions subject to complex regulatory mechanisms and diverse environmental conditions. Ultimately, to fully understand postharvest phenomena, a systemic approach that links genetic and environmental responses and identifies the underlying biological networks is required. Thanks to the development of high throughput omics techniques such system-wide approaches have become a viable option to support traditional postharvest research. This review provides an overview of systems biology and how it can lead postharvest research into a new era.  相似文献