入侵植物牛膝菊与白车轴草的竞争效应   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

齐淑艳  昌恩梓  董晶晶郭婷婷李晓春 《广东农业科学》2014,41(1):141-145

为了解入侵植物牛膝菊与白车轴草的竞争效应,采用盆栽取代试验方法观察不同密度,不同比例条件 下两种植物的竞争表现,定量分析其单株生物量和竞争能力,为探究牛膝菊入侵机理和生物替代提供理论依据,结 果表明,混种时白车轴草的生长受到牛膝菊的竞争抑制作用,在不同种植密度下,牛膝菊和白车轴草混种和单种时 的单株生物量均表现出随密度增加而下降的趋势,在不同密度不同比例种植条件下,牛膝菊的相对产量RY>1差 异显著,相对产量总和RYT>1差异不显著,相对攻击力系数A>0牛膝菊有可能通过种间竞争将白车轴草排除 种群在牛膝菊和白车轴草混种时,白车轴草处于劣势曰种植密度种植比例及密度伊比例对牛膝菊和白车轴草的竞 争力没有显著影响。  相似文献   

中国与南非农产品贸易互补性及增长空间分析     

梁丹辉 《农业展望》2014,(7):65-69

2003—2012年,南非农产品的总体比较优势高于中国;中国和南非两国农产品之间存在着产业间贸易和产业内贸易的互补性。南非对中国出口的农产品中具有贸易增长空间的品种有水产品、水果、谷物、烟、酒、饮料及醋;中国对南非出口的农产品中具有贸易增长空间的仅棉麻和水产品两种。随着中国和南非两国经济的发展,居民消费水平不断提高,两国具有贸易增长空间的农产品贸易量将持续走高,中国和南非的农产品贸易增长趋势将势不可挡。  相似文献   

Are Primary Cultures of Trout (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Oncorhynchus mykiss</Emphasis>) Ventricular Cardiomyocytes Metabolically Viable?     

J.P?Goldstein  A.?Scott  S.?CurrieEmail author 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2004,30(2):109-117

The objectives of this study were to establish a protocol for the isolation of metabolically viable ventricular cardiomyocytes from the rainbow trout and to determine which measures may best reflect viability 24 h after isolation. Cardiomyocytes were isolated by enzymatic digestion and maintained in cell suspension. Viability was assessed using Trypan blue dye exclusion, ATP content, oxygen consumption and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage into the medium. Viability, assessed by these measures did not significantly change over the time period of this study. ATP content did correlate significantly with oxygen consumption but not with Trypan blue exclusion. We conclude that primary cultured cardiomyocytes remain metabolically viable for at least 24 h after isolation. Also, it appears that ATP content and oxygen consumption most adequately reflect metabolic cell viability. To be confident with a culture, however, a combination of viability measures is necessary when isolating cardiomyocytes from fish.  相似文献   

Na+ Retention in the Root is a Key Adaptive Mechanism to Low and High Salinity in the Glycophyte,Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn. (Portulacaceae)          下载免费PDF全文

D. V. M. Assaha  A. M. M. Mekawy  L. Liu  M. S. Noori  K. S. Kokulan  A. Ueda  T. Nagaoka  H. Saneoka 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2017,203(1):56-67

Talinum paniculatum is an important leafy vegetable and medicinal plant, used in many parts of South America, Africa and Asia. Its adaptation to abiotic stress has received little attention and therefore worthy of interest, especially as environmental conditions are rendering arable lands increasingly unfavourable for agriculture. Therefore, this study was undertaken to examine the influence of salt stress on the vegetative growth of the plant by subjecting seedlings to 0, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 300 mm NaCl stress for 10 days. The dry weight, ion concentrations, relative water content, oxidative damage, proline, osmotic potential and some antioxidants were determined. The plants were found to retain Na⁺ mainly in the root, with less affected leaf K⁺ concentration, and consequently very low shoot Na⁺/K⁺ ratios (<0.2) under all the stress treatments. The proline content significantly increased under the 100–300 mm treatments (18‐ to 244‐fold), with a corresponding significant reduction in osmotic potential and hence high osmotic adjustment. The antioxidant enzyme activities and non‐enzyme antioxidants showed significant increase only under the highest salinity. Taken together, these results suggest that shoot Na⁺ exclusion is characteristic of this plant and is mainly responsible for its adaptation to low salinity.  相似文献   

我国竞技体育竞技实力格局嬗变研究     

邓万金 《上海交通大学学报(农业科学版)》2013,(1):54-57

近几届奥运会，我国竞技体育竞技实力格局发生了变化。主要采用数理统计法和逻辑分析法，从近几届我国代表团的金牌分布演变、奖牌分布演变、优势与潜优势项目演变等方面进行了分析。研究结果表明：1金牌分布点逐渐增加；2奖牌分布面更广；3游泳成为金牌和奖牌的新增长点，已经成为重点优势发展项目；4我国竞技体育整体竞技水平明显提高，优势项目和潜优势项目结构发生了调整。最后，结合我国竞技体育竞技实力格局嬗变现实情况，提出了几点思考。  相似文献   

高校图书馆竞争情报分析和实施过程初探     

田艳玲 《农业图书情报学刊》2008,20(12)

介绍了竞争情报在我国的发展,提出了高校图书馆竞争情报的实施过程,以及在此过程中要遵循的原则和建议.  相似文献   

Community structure and carbon and nitrogen storage of sagebrush desert under grazing exclusion in Northwest China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

DONG Yiqiang  SUN Zongjiu  AN Shazhou  JIANG Shasha  WEI Peng 《干旱区科学》2020,12(2):239-251

Overgrazing is regarded as one of the key factors of vegetation and soil degradation in the arid and semi-arid regions of Northwest China.Grazing exclusion(GE)is one of the most common pathways used to restore degraded grasslands and to improve their ecosystem services.Nevertheless,there are still significant controversies concerning GE’s effects on grassland diversity as well as carbon(C)and nitrogen(N)storage.It remains poorly understood in the arid desert regions,whilst being essential for the sustainable use of grassland resources.To assess the effects of GE on community characteristics and C and N storage of desert plant community in the arid desert regions,we investigated the community structure and plant biomass,as well as C and N storage of plants and soil(0-100 cm depth)in short-term GE(three years)plots and adjacent long-term freely grazing(FG)plots in the areas of sagebrush desert in Northwest China,which are important both for spring-autumn seasonal pasture and for ecological conservation.Our findings indicated that GE was beneficial to the average height,coverage and aboveground biomass(including stems,leaves and inflorescences,and litter)of desert plant community,to the species richness and importance values of subshrubs and perennial herbs,and to the biomass C and N storage of aboveground parts(P<0.05).However,GE was not beneficial to the importance values of annual herbs,root/shoot ratio and total N concentration in the 0-5 and 5-10 cm soil layers(P<0.05).Additionally,the plant density,belowground biomass,and soil organic C concentration and C storage in the 0-100 cm soil layer could not be significantly changed by short-term GE(three years).The results suggest that,although GE was not beneficial for C sequestration in the sagebrush desert ecosystem,it is an effective strategy for improving productivity,diversity,and C and N storage of plants.As a result,GE can be used to rehabilitate degraded grasslands in the arid desert regions of Northwest China.  相似文献   

应用竞争PCR检测丙酸盐对体外培养牛肝细胞丙酮酸羧化酶mRNA水平的影响   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

徐闯  夏成  刘国文  王哲  李家奎  张乃生  王兴龙  欧阳红生  张永亮 《中国兽医学报》2005,25(4):397-399,402

根据牛肝细胞内PC(丙酮酸羧化酶)基因组与PCcDNA相比多含有一个内含子序列．在其中再插入一外源DNA序列．从而使最终构建的突变体片段的长度大于PCcDNA的长度，成功构建了PCcDNA的竞争DNA模板，然后应用竞争PCR方法研究了丙酸盐对体外培养新生牛单层肝细胞PCmRNA水平的影响。使单层肝细胞培养液中丙酸钠浓度分别为0、1．5、2．5、3．5、4．5、8．5、11．5mmol／L，处理24h，提取总RNA、逆转录，在同一体系中用相同引物扩增目的带和竞争模板带。结果表明．随着丙酸钠浓度的升高．PCmRNA水平呈上升趋势，提示肝细胞内PCmRNA的表达水平受培养液中丙酸钠浓度的影响。  相似文献   

The importance of abortive stoma penetration in the partial resistance and nonhost reaction of adult barley and wheat plants to leaf rust fungi     

R. E. Niks 《Euphytica》1987,36(3):725-731

Summary Early stages of the infection process of Puccinia hordei isolate 1.2.1 and of a P. recondita f.sp. tritici isolate were studied on adult plants of four barley lines and one wheat line. Two of the barley lines are extremely susceptible to P. hordei, the other two have a very high level of partial resistance.A histological study based on a trypan blue staining indicated that stoma penetration by P. hordei isolate 1.2.1 was equally successful on the susceptible as on the partially resistant adult barley plants. Abortion of substomatal vesicles was rare in all lines. These results do not support a hypothesis that mechanisms of partial resistance in adult plants differ from those in seedlings by a substantial abortive stoma penetration.Also in the nonhost combinations wheat-P. hordei and barley-P. recondita f.sp. tritici inhibition of stoma penetration and of substomatal vesicle development appears to play a biologically insignificant role in adult plants.The proportion of stoma penetration on the leaf sheaths of two of the barley lines was as high as on the leaf blades of the flag leaf and the leaf below the flag leaf. There was no evidence for stomatal exclusion as a crucial factor in the relatively low infectibility of leaf sheaths to leaf-blade specialized rust species.  相似文献   

Analysis of Competitive Ability among Clones of the Palisade Grass, Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. Ex. A. Rich.) Stapf.     

S. G. J. N. Senanayake  H. L. Petersen 《Plant Breeding》1991,107(3):248-250

Four clones of palisade grass, Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. Ex. A. Rich.) Stapf., were studied in a diallel competition trial to investigate their competitive relationship in clonal mixtures. Clone X associate interactions were observed for plant height, number of tillers per plant and dry matter yield per plant. Both general and specific competitive abilities were observed for tiller number and dry matter yield. Clone X associate interaction for plant height was mainly due to the specific competitive ability of individual combinations. The most competitive clone observed was CIAT 6387. Competitive abilities of local clones were low compared to the imported clones. Local clones (RU 127 and RU 139) yielded more than imported clones (CIAT 6387 and PI 292185) under low competitive stresses. General and specific competitive abilities should be taken into consideration when mixing clones of palisade grass.  相似文献