Replacement of fish meal by meat and bone meal in diets for large yellow croaker, Pseudosciaena crocea     

Qinghui Ai  Kangsen Mai  Beiping Tan  Wei Xu  Qingyuan Duan  Hongming Ma  Lu Zhang 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2006,260(1-4):255-263

A growth experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of replacement of fish meal (FM) by meat and bone meal (MBM) in diets on the growth and body composition of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea). Six isonitrogenous (43% crude protein) and isoenergetic (20 kJ g^− 1) diets replacing 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75% FM protein by MBM protein were formulated. Each diet was randomly allocated to triplicate groups of fish in sea floating cages (1.0 × 1.0 × 1.5 m), and each cage was stocked with 180 fish (initial average weight of 1.88 ± 0.02 g). Fish were fed twice daily (05:00 and 17:30) to apparent satiation for 8 weeks. The water temperature ranged from 26.5 to 32.5 °C, salinity from 32 to 36‰, and dissolved oxygen content was approximately 7 mg l^− 1 during the experimental period. Survival decreased with increasing dietary MBM and the survival in the fish fed the diet with 75% protein from MBM was significantly lower than other groups (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in specific growth rate (SGR) among the fish fed the diets with 0 (the control group), 15, 30 and 45% protein from MBM. However, SGR in the fish fed the diets with 60 and 75% protein from MBM were significantly lower than other groups (P < 0.05). No significant differences in feeding rate were observed among dietary treatments. The digestibility experiment showed that the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter, protein, lipid and energy of MBM were significantly lower compared with those of FM (P < 0.05). Essential amino acid index was found to be correlated positively with SGR in the present study, suggesting that essential amino acid balance was important. Body composition analysis showed that the carcass protein and essential amino acids were not significantly affected by dietary MBM. The lipid and n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid (n-3 HUFA) in fish muscle, however, significantly decreased with increasing dietary MBM. These results showed that 45% of FM protein could be replaced by MBM protein in diets of large yellow croaker without significantly reducing growth. It was suggested that the reduced growth with higher MBM was due to lower digestibility and imbalance of essential amino acids.  相似文献   

大黄鱼肝脏病变组织病理学观察   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘振勇  谢友佺  林小金 《海洋水产研究》2007,28(5):7-11

采用石蜡切片和HE染色法,对不同生存条件下的大黄鱼以及肝脏病变的大黄鱼肝组织进行组织切片,在显微镜下进行组织病理学观察,采用酸水解法测定不同生存条件下以及患肝肿大的大黄鱼肝脏的脂肪含量,了解其变化情况。以野生大黄鱼的肝组织细胞结构为参照,初步探明了小网箱养殖大黄鱼的脂肪肝、肝肿大、肝胆汁淤积、肝淤血的组织病理变化情况,讨论了大黄鱼肝脏病变的原因和病变致死原因,并提出了防治措施。  相似文献   

福建三沙湾养殖大黄鱼肠道菌群研究     

王程程  鄢庆枇  黄伟卿  熊何健  王勇忠  马英 《厦门水产学院学报》2014,(1):1-6

为研究大黄鱼（Pseudosciaena crocea）肠道细菌的群落结构,提取大黄鱼肠道内容物和肠壁样品总DNA,构建细菌16SrDNA克隆文库．分别从两个文库中随机挑选阳性克隆子测序,序列同源性分析和系统进化分析结果表明：在大黄鱼肠道中存在梭杆菌纲（Fusobacteria）细菌、拟杆菌纲细菌（Bacteroidetes）和γ-变形细菌纲（γ-Proteobacteria）细菌．肠壁样品细菌多样性高于肠道内容物样品．梭杆菌属细菌在肠道内容物样品中占据优势地位,而肠壁样品则以拟杆菌属细菌为最优势细菌类群,其次是梭杆菌属细菌。两个样品中均只检测到少量γ-变形细菌纲细菌．  相似文献   

不同环境条件对溶藻弧菌粘附大黄鱼肠粘液的影响   总被引：9，自引：3，他引：9  

鄢庆枇  陈强  邹文政  马甡  庄峙厦  王小如 《水产学报》2006,30(2):254-259

研究了不同环境条件下溶藻弧菌对大黄鱼肠粘液的粘附作用。采用细菌计数法测定溶藻弧菌的粘附作用。粘附的细菌经SYBR GreenⅠ染色后在荧光显微镜下观察，用数码相机拍照后在电脑上计数。试验结果表明，溶藻弧菌对大黄鱼肠粘液的粘附量随菌浓度的升高而升高，并在1—1．5h内趋于饱和；粘附作用在15—30℃、pH偏酸时较强；盐度在5—35范围内对前肠粘液的粘附作用影响不明显，后肠粘液的粘附作用在此范围内随盐度增大而加强，在盐度为0时，溶藻弧菌对前、后肠粘液都无粘附作用；56℃热处理5min及60℃处理1h均能大幅减弱溶藻弧菌对两种肠粘液的粘附作用，表明溶藻弧菌表面的某些热敏结构在粘附作用中起着重要作用。根据以上结果，可以认为溶藻弧菌能够很好地粘附于大黄鱼肠粘液层，其粘附作用受温度、盐度、pH值等环境因子影响很大，溶藻弧菌表面的某些热敏结构可能在粘附过程中起着重要作用。研究结果表明，溶藻弧菌对大黄鱼肠粘液的粘附作用是可控制的，这对于鱼类养殖疾病的控制有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

Optimal dietary lipid level for large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) larvae     

Q.H. AI  J.Z. ZHAO  K.S. MAI  W. XU  B.P. TAN  H.M. MA  Z.G. LIUFU 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2008,14(6):515-522

A 30‐day feeding experiment was conducted in blue tanks (70 × 50 × 60 cm, water volume 180 L) to determine the effects of dietary lipid levels on the survival, growth and body composition of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) larvae (12 days after hatchery, with initial average weight 1.93 ± 0.11 mg). Five practical microdiets, containing 83 g kg^?1 (Diet 1), 126 g kg^?1 (Diet 2), 164 g kg^?1 (Diet 3), 204 g kg^?1 (Diet 4) and 248 g kg^?1 lipid (Diet 5), were formulated. Live feeds (Artemia sinicia nauplii and live copepods) were used as the control diet (Diet 6). Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of tanks, and each tank was stocked with 3500 larvae. During the experiment, water temperature was maintained at 23(±1) °C, pH 8.0 (±0.2) and salinity 25 (±2) g L^?1. The results showed that dietary lipid significantly influenced the survival and growth of large yellow croaker larvae. Survival increased with the increase of dietary lipid from 83 to 164 g kg^?1, and then decreased. The survival of larvae fed the diet with 83 g kg^?1 lipid (16.1%) was significantly lower than that of larvae fed other diets. However, the survival in larvae fed the diet with 16.4 g kg^?1 lipid was the highest compared with other artificial microdiets. Specific growth rate (SGR) significantly increased with increasing dietary lipid level from 83 to 164 g kg^?1 (P < 0.05), and then decreased. The SGR in larvae fed the diet with 164 g kg^?1 lipid (10.0% per day) was comparable with 204 g kg^?1 lipid (9.6% per day), but were significantly higher than other microdiets (P < 0.05). On the basis of survival and SGR, the optimum dietary lipid level was estimated to be 172 and 177 g kg^?1 of diet using second‐order polynomial regression analysis respectively.  相似文献   

大黄鱼体表溃烂症病原菌的鉴定     

张庆华  瞿小英  郑岳夫  熊清明  杨先乐 《上海海洋大学学报》2003,(3):233-237

从网箱养殖的患体表溃烂症的大黄鱼心、肝、肾、脾等组织分离到8株细菌，大黄鱼人工感染试验表明分离菌株XS01为致病菌。对该菌株进行形态、生理生化试验鉴定为费氏弧菌(Vibrio fucheri)。药敏试验结果表明，该菌株对磺胺甲基异恶唑等13种药物敏感，对氨苄青霉素等8种药物不敏感。进行了该菌株对温度和盐度的耐受性试验，认为该菌有较广的温度和盐度适应范围。  相似文献   

罗源湾养殖大黄鱼虹彩病毒的PCR检测   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

杨小强 《福建畜牧兽医》2013,(2)

2012年7月至10月间对从福建罗源湾患“白鳃病”的网箱养殖大黄鱼的鳃丝、肝脏、脾脏、肾脏及性腺等器官组织提取的总DNA进行虹彩病毒PCR检测,经序列分析,从患鱼肝脏、脾脏、肾脏获得的两条病毒DNA基因片段ly1、ly2分别与已报道的大黄鱼虹彩病毒(AY779031)和真鲷虹彩病毒(AB104413)高度相似,患鱼病毒阳性率为10%~65%.由此判断,罗源湾发生“白鳃病”并出现陆续死亡情况的养殖大黄鱼可能与感染虹彩病毒有直接关系.  相似文献   

植物乳杆菌Saccharomyces cerevisiae P13对大黄鱼的促生长作用研究     

廖志勇  缪雄伟  林利 《安徽农业科学》2013,(26):10650-10652

[目的]研究植物乳杆菌Saccharomyces cerevisiae P13对大黄鱼生长和抗病能力的影响.[方法]用合0、104、106、108、1010cfu/kg植物乳杆菌Saccharomyces cerevisiae P13含量的饲料喂养大黄鱼4周后,测定大黄鱼的体重增长率、饲料转化率和感染病菌后的存活率.[结果]大黄鱼后肠中的Saccharomyces cerevisiae P13菌数量在喂食过程中显著增加,含106～1010 cfu/kg Saccharomyces cerevisiae P13的配方饲料明显促进了大黄鱼的体重增长率和摄食率.喂食含106～ 1010cfu/kg Saccharomyces cerevisiae P13的配方饲料后大黄鱼对Streptococcus sp.的抵抗力明显增强.[结论]植物乳杆菌Saccharomyces cerevisiae P13能促进大黄鱼生长,并增强大黄鱼的抗病力.  相似文献   

Intestinal Microbiota in Large Yellow Croaker,Larimichthys crocea,at Different Ages          下载免费PDF全文

Na Wei  Chengcheng Wang  Shijun Xiao  Weiqing Huang  Mao Lin  Qingpi Yan  Ying Ma 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2018,49(1):256-267

The polymerase chain reaction–denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR‐DGGE) of 16S ribosomal RNA gene was used to investigate bacterial communities in the intestines of large yellow croaker at six different ages (12 d, 18 d, 26 d, 40 d, 3 mo, and 1 yr old) as well as within the corresponding feed and culture water. In addition, Illumina Miseq sequencing was utilized to compare intestinal microbiota between 12‐d‐old and 1‐yr‐old individuals. PCR‐DGGE results revealed that the culture water had the highest bacterial diversity, followed by the feed, while the intestines had the lowest diversity. The intestinal microbiota at six ages changed severely; however, the change did not follow any trend. The large yellow croaker intestines harbored specific bacterial communities that differed from those in both feed and water. Illumina Miseq sequencing results revealed that the diversity of intestinal bacteria in 12‐d‐old fish was higher than that in 1‐yr‐old fish, and the bacterial composition differed significantly between them. γ‐Proteobacteria and Pseudoalteromonas supplied the most abundant phylum and genus in the 12‐d‐old fish intestine. However, in the 1‐yr‐old fish intestine, Firmicutes and Clostridium were the most dominant, respectively. The study may contribute to a better understanding of gut microbiota and dynamics of the large yellow croaker and the relationship with their surrounding environment.  相似文献   

不同脂肪和葡萄糖水平对大黄鱼生长性能、肝脏糖酵解和糖异生关键酶活性的影响     

马红娜  周飘苹  陆游  袁野  侯迎梅  孙蓬  丁立云  周歧存 《动物营养学报》2016,(10):3110-3122

本试验旨在研究不同脂肪和葡萄糖水平对大黄鱼生长性能、肝脏糖酵解和糖异生关键酶活性、血清生化指标、糖原含量及消化酶活性等的影响。采用2×3双因素试验设计,其中脂肪设5%、10%2个水平,葡萄糖设10%、20%、30%3个水平,共配制6种试验饲料。每种饲料设3个重复,每个重复放养平均体重为(14.79±0.13)g的大黄鱼幼鱼50尾。试验期为8周。结果表明:饲料脂肪和葡萄糖水平的交互作用对大黄鱼增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)和饲料效率(FE)的影响不显著(P0.05)。在饲料脂肪水平为5%时,WGR和SGR随饲料葡萄糖水平增加而降低,30%葡萄糖组的WGR和SGR显著低于10%葡萄糖组(P0.05)。饲料脂肪和葡萄糖水平的交互作用对大黄鱼全鱼水分和粗脂肪含量的影响显著(P0.05),而对全鱼粗蛋白质含量无显著影响(P0.05)。饲料脂肪和葡萄糖水平的交互作用对大黄鱼肝糖原、肌糖原含量有显著影响(P0.05)。在饲料脂肪水平为5%时,肝糖原含量随饲料葡萄糖水平的升高而升高,而肌糖原含量随着饲料葡萄糖水平的升高先升高后降低;在饲料脂肪水平为10%时,肝糖原含量随饲料葡萄糖水平的升高先降低后升高,肌糖原含量随着饲料葡萄糖水平的升高而升高。饲料脂肪和葡萄糖水平的交互作用对大黄鱼血清总蛋白(TP)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、葡萄糖含量及丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性无显著影响(P0.05);然而,在饲料脂肪水平相同时,血清葡萄糖含量随饲料葡萄糖水平的升高而升高,30%葡萄糖组血清葡萄糖含量显著高于10%葡萄糖组(P0.05)。饲料脂肪和葡萄糖水平的交互作用对大黄鱼肝脏葡萄糖激酶(GK)、磷酸果糖激酶(PFK)、磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶(PEPCK)活性有显著影响(P0.05),而对丙酮酸激酶(PK)、1,6-二磷酸果糖酶(FBPase)、6-磷酸葡萄糖酶(G6 Pase)活性无显著影响(P0.05)。在饲料脂肪水平为10%时,随饲料葡萄糖水平的升高,肝脏GK、PFK活性升高,肝脏PEPCK活性先升高后降低。由结果可知,与饲料脂肪水平为10%时相比,在饲料脂肪水平为5%时,随饲料葡萄糖的水平的升高,大黄鱼能够通过调节糖代谢关键酶活性及肝糖原含量来维持血糖含量的平衡,有效利用饲料中的葡萄糖。综合本试验结果,建议大黄鱼幼鱼阶段饲料适宜的脂肪和糖水平分别为10%和20%。  相似文献