陕西蚜茧蜂滞育诱导研究和田间滞育调查     

邱珂  张强  李晓宇  汝冰璐  成巨龙  安德荣 《安徽农业科学》2017,45(27)

[目的]探讨温度和光周期2种因素在蚜茧蜂滞育诱导中发挥的作用及影响程度,筛选最适温度与光周期组合。[方法]对陕西地区影响蚜茧蜂滞育的诱导因素和蚜茧蜂田间滞育情况进行研究。[结果]蚜茧蜂的滞育型为冬滞育型,低温并配合短光照(L∶D=8∶16)可明显诱导蚜茧蜂滞育,其中温度为8℃时滞育率可达47.6%。在温度25℃的条件下,所设置的光周期条件下均不能诱导蚜茧蜂滞育。自然条件下,陕西地区蚜茧蜂大多以老熟幼虫越冬,田间滞育率最高达82.2%,其余个体以蛹或预蛹越冬,田间滞育期持续4~5个月。[结论]试验结果为蚜茧蜂投入实际生产提供了参考。  相似文献   

生物炭与小球藻联合吸附重金属的效果     

董云婷  郭建华  姜新佩  舒倩 《安徽农业科学》2017,45(17)

[目的]研究生物炭与小球藻对水体中重金属单独及联合吸附特性。[方法]以小麦秸秆生物炭和小球藻为吸附剂,进行了不同添加量的生物炭对Pb的吸附等温试验,小球藻对Pb等温吸附试验,以及生物炭和小球藻联合吸附Pb的等温吸附试验。[结果]生物炭与小球藻对Pb的等温吸附曲线均符合Langmuir方程。当生物炭添加量为50 mg/L时,吸附量最大,为203.339 mg/g;小球藻添加量为500 mg/L时最大吸附量为67.851 mg/g;生物炭和小球藻联合吸附的最大吸附量为79.144 mg/g。[结论]生物炭联合小球藻用于吸附Pb的最大吸附量高于单独吸附。  相似文献   

寻常型银屑病不同证型蛋白组学表达的比较研究          下载免费PDF全文

周杰  向丽萍  陈文慧 《勤云标准版测试》2017,37(3):249-253

目的 对寻常型银屑病（血热证、血瘀证、血虚证）患者与正常人差异蛋白进行分析,探求三证之间差异性表达蛋白,从蛋白质组学角度揭示三证之间的差异。方法 取寻常型银屑病血瘀证、血虚证、血热证患者的血清,应用蛋白提取、定量、双向电泳技术、质谱鉴定和数据库检索,寻找出三证之间的差异蛋白和共有蛋白,并将这些蛋白进行组间比较。结果 发现了15种显著性差异蛋白（P<0.05）,其中补体C3、凝聚素、血清转铁蛋白、间-α-胰蛋白酶抑制剂H4重链（片段）、载脂蛋白E、补体C4-B、甘露糖结合蛋白C及富亮氨酸-α-2-糖蛋白在血虚型银屑病患者血清表达水平高于血热型和血瘀型（P<0.05）。纤维蛋白原β链、血液接合素、纤维蛋白原γ链、HPX蛋白、α-抗胰蛋白酶、甲状腺素转运蛋白及载脂蛋白Ⅳ在血热型银屑病患者血清中的表达水平高于血瘀型患者（P<0.05）。共同蛋白有5种（P<0.05）,分别为血液结合素、纤维蛋白原γ链、HPX蛋白、α-抗胰蛋白酶、载脂蛋白A-Ⅳ。结论 寻常型银屑病（血热证、血瘀证、血虚证）血清中存在表达差异性蛋白质,可能与寻常型银屑病的发病机制和银屑病不同证型的物质基础有关。  相似文献   

Nutrients management strategies to improve yield and quality of sugar beet in semi-arid regions     

Irshad Ahmad  Bashir Ahmad  Shahzad Ali  Muhammad Kamran  Bayasgalan Bilegjargal 《Journal of plant nutrition》2017,40(15):2109-2115

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the yield and quality of sugar beet genotypes (Beta vulgaris L.). Therefore, a field trial was carried out in Peshawar, Pakistan, during the winters in 2012–2013. The field experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with split plots, having three replications. Fertilizer treatments (control, composted manure Higo Organic Plus at 5 t ha^?1, Maxicrop Sea Gold seaweed extract at 5 L ha^?1, farm yard manure at 10 t ha^?1, inorganic nitrogen–phosphorus (NP) at 90:60 kg ha^?1, NP at 120:90 kg ha^?1 and NP at 150:120 kg ha^?1) were allotted to main plots, while genotypes (Sandrina, Serenada and Kawe Terma) were allotted to the sub-plots. Plots treated with the application of NP at 120:90 kg ha^?1 produced the highest beet yield (76.4 t ha^?1) and sugar yield (11.1 t ha^?1), and had the second highest polarizable sugar content (14.52%) and more economic return (Rs. 553,000 per hectare) as compared to control plots. Sugar beet genotype Serenada had significantly higher beet yield (55.5 t ha^?1) and sugar yield (7.9 t ha^?1) and a higher economic return (Rs. 380,000 per hectare) than the other genotypes. Sugar beet genotype Serenada supplied with NP at 120:90 kg ha^?1is recommended for the general cultivation in the agro-climatic conditions of Peshawar valley.  相似文献   

Interrelations between commercial beetroot (Beta vulgaris) cultivars and Meloidogyne species     

P. W. Mashela 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2017,67(2):164-168

Most beetroot (Beta vulgaris) cultivars in South Africa are exotic and were specifically bred for root-knot (Meloidogyne species) nematode populations in their countries of origin. Due to the widespread distribution of different Meloidogyne species and races, exotic cultivars should be matched with nematode populations in importing countries. The objective of this study was to determine the interrelations between exotic beetroot cultivars ‘Detroit Red Dark’ and ‘Crimson Globe’ with Meloidogyne species in the predominant beetroot-producing regions in South Africa. Different inoculum series of M. incognita and M. javanica were used on the two beetroot cultivars. At 56 days after initiating the treatments, roots of both cultivars had small undeveloped root galls, with the reproductive factor values of M. incognita on ‘Detroit Dark Red’ being above and below unity at low (≤125 inoculation) and high (≥250 inoculation) nematode levels, respectively. Growth of ‘Detroit Dark Red’ was significantly stimulated and inhibited at low and high nematode infection levels, respectively. In contrast, RF values for M. javanica on ‘Crimson Globe’ were below unity, without any significant effects on plant growth. In conclusion, ‘Detroit Dark Red’ was tolerant to M. incognita, whereas ‘Crimson Globe’ was resistant to M. javanica.  相似文献   

艾蒿对不同植物幼苗的化感作用初探   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

李美  高兴祥  高宗军  王清 《草业学报》2010,19(6):114-119

在室内用离体生物测定方法测定了艾蒿水浸提物对黄瓜、油菜、高粱、萝卜和小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响,并同时测定了黄瓜和萝卜幼苗丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化。结果表明,艾蒿水浸提液对5种植物种子的萌发和幼苗生长均有较强的抑制作用,5种受体植物中,以油菜最为敏感,其次为萝卜。0.025g/mL浓度的艾蒿水提液对5种受体油菜、萝卜、黄瓜、小麦和高粱种子的综合效应(SE)分别为100%,87.26%,69.88%,61.11%和52.77%。艾蒿水提物能引起黄瓜和萝卜幼苗MDA含量的升高,表明艾蒿化感作用对受体植物的影响很可能与其引起MDA含量升高,从而导致植物细胞膜的破坏有关。  相似文献   

新疆甜菜组织培养及植株再生研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李建平  危晓薇  郝晓燕  陈勋基  足木热木·吐尔逊  黄全生 《新疆农业科学》2010,47(10):1924

[目的]以新疆的两个甜菜品系为研究对象,对培养基激素及浓度配比、外植体的选择及两个基因型的再生能力进行了初步的比较分析,以期建立起适合新疆甜菜品种(系)的组织培养体系.[方法]对不同的灭菌方式、培养基激素组合、不同外植体再生能力、不同基因型甜菜再生能力进行比较.[结果]分别对影响甜菜组织培养及植株再生体系的各个因素进行比较后建立了适合新疆甜菜的组织培养及植株再生体系.[结论]确定采用破除甜菜种壳进行灭菌处理的方法灭菌效果最明显.通过筛选,确定了甜菜叶柄再生的最适培养基激素配比,为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L,IAA 0.3 mg/L.对不同外植体再生能力的比较分析发现,叶柄的再生能力高于其他外植体,是较为理想的外植体来源.新甜486与413两种基因型的再生能力无明显差异.  相似文献   

旱作菜豆品种比较     

郑少文  邢国明  聂红玫  温变英 《农业科学与技术》2010,11(6):87-89

[目的]选择适合干旱、半干旱地区栽培的菜豆品种。[方法]在我国水方典型的旱作农业区阳曲县进行7个菜豆品种的旱作栽培试验。[结果]特优特架豆、超级无筋与新欣一尺青圆龙植株较为粗壮;爱丰、精选架豆王、超长四季豆生长速度较快;爱丰功能叶的蒸腾速率最低。天马95-33架豆王产量显著高于其他品种,单产达36.33t/hm2,为爱丰产量的1.39倍、新欣一尺青圆龙产量的1.9倍;爱丰单产次之,为26.07t/hm2,是新欣一尺青圆龙产量的1.37倍。[结论]天马95-33架豆王与爱丰产量较高,蛋白质含量较高,适于在试验区及周边地区进行推广栽培。  相似文献   

Can sulfur fertilisation improve the effectiveness of trap crops for diamondback moth,Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)?     

Francisco R Badenes‐Perez  Michael Reichelt  David G Heckel 《Pest management science》2010,66(8):832-838

BACKGROUND: The effect of sulfur fertilisation on chemical constituents of yellow rocket, Barbarea vulgaris (R. Br.), was studied with regard to its potential use as a trap crop for the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Two types of B. vulgaris var. arcuata were used: the G‐type, resistant to P. xylostella and proposed as a ‘dead‐end’ trap crop, and the P‐type, not resistant to P. xylostella and used as a control. RESULTS: In G‐type B. vulgaris, sulfur fertilisation increased the content of the dominant glucosinolate (S)‐2‐hydroxy‐2‐phenylethylglucosinolate by 20%. Sulfur fertilisation did not significantly change levels of the saponins 3‐0‐β‐cellobiosylhederagenin and 3‐0‐β‐cellobiosyloleanolic acid, known to act as feeding deterrents for P. xylostella larvae. In P‐type B. vulgaris, the same levels of sulfur fertilisation did not change the glucosinolate content significantly. Two‐choice oviposition preference tests with B. vulgaris plants showed that P. xylostella laid 144% and 45% more eggs on G‐ and P‐type plants with sulfur fertilisation respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The studies suggest that sulfur fertilisation could increase the effectiveness of G‐type B. vulgaris as a trap crop for P. xylostella. The effect of plant sulfur fertilisation on P. xylostella oviposition preference is associated with a quantitative glucosinolate increase, but other compounds could also be involved. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

丁香属植物亲缘关系的AFLP分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高洪晓  杨凯  刘建斌 《中国农业大学学报》2011,16(5):50-54

为探讨丁香属植物种间、欧丁香品种间以及丁香属与女贞属之间的亲缘关系,本研究使用8对选择性扩增引物对丁香属14个种、欧丁香种的37个品种和女贞属3个种进行了AFLP分析。利用Ntsyspc软件对扩增结果进行分析,以遗传相似性系数为基础,计算Nei遗传距离并采用UPGMA法进行聚类。结果表明：AFLP扩增共产生447条带,其中多态性条带395条,多态率为88．4％,各样品间的遗传距离在0．01～1．44之间。聚类结果与传统的分类结果基本一致,不同之处在于：部分欧丁香品种与顶生花序系的种聚类为一个分支;短花冠管组的种聚类于长花冠管组的内部;长花冠管组的种内部巧玲花系与顶生花序系的种聚类有交叉现象;女贞属植物聚类于丁香属植物的内部。据此推断,欧丁香品种的育种过程中有顸生花序系的种的加入;丁香属植物的分类应该去除组的划分;巧玲花系与顶生花序系的亲缘关系比较近;丁香属植物不是一个自然的单系类群,女贞属与丁香属之间的起源与分类学地位有待于进一步的研究。  相似文献