甜菜BvMTP11基因的克隆及序列分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王锦霞  李硕  代春艳  马龙彪  刘大丽 《中国糖料》2019,(3):7-11

在植物中,金属耐受蛋白(Metal tolerant proteins,MTPs)是阳离子转运家族(Cation effluxtransporters)重要的成员之一,其在细胞重金属逆境耐受性及离子平衡代谢中发挥着重要的作用。本研究通过RT-PCR方法,在甜菜体内克隆获得了Beta vulgaris metal tolerantce protein 11(BvMTP11)基因的全长序列。该基因CDS全长为1 227 bp,编码了408个氨基酸,分子量(Mw)和等电点(pI)分别为45.935 kDa和4.89,属于相对不稳定蛋白。该基因编码的蛋白有5个跨膜螺旋区,是一种具有阳离子排出域(Cation efflux domain)的膜蛋白,并且有80%的可能性定位于过氧化物酶体膜上。因此可以推测,BvMTP11可能作为甜菜体内重要的转运蛋白参与到重金属逆境胁迫应答网络中,同时,该基因的克隆也为进一步研究其在重金属逆境下的分子机制奠定基础。  相似文献   

Banishing barberry: The history of Berberis vulgaris prevalence and wheat stem rust incidence across Britain     

Gerry Barnes  Diane G. O. Saunders  Tom Williamson 《Plant pathology》2020,69(7):1193-1202

Wheat stem rust, caused by the fungus Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), is a notoriously damaging disease of wheat and barley. Pgt requires two hosts to complete its lifecycle; undergoing asexual reproduction on cereal crops and completing sexual reproduction on Berberis spp. The latter stage of its lifecycle is of particular importance in temperate regions such as western Europe, where asexual urediniospores are unable to survive cold winter weather. In the past, the crucial role of Berberis in the lifecycle of stem rust led to intensive eradication campaigns, initially carried out by farmers in the face of hostile scientific opinion. In the United Kingdom, common barberry (Berberis vulgaris) is today a relatively rare plant. Stem rust is, however, currently experiencing a resurgence; at the same time, there has been a general increase in the prevalence of barberry and an upsurge in its planting which, in the United Kingdom, is associated with attempts to encourage the endangered barberry carpet moth (Pareulype berberata). This article situates current developments within a broader chronological framework, examining changing attitudes towards barberry and rust in England in the past and the history of the plant's use and cultivation. It assesses how widespread B. vulgaris really was in the environment historically, and thus the scale of its eradication. We suggest that Berberis was never widely established as an archaeophyte in the United Kingdom. Current attempts to re-establish it are based on a misunderstanding of the plant's historical status and could potentially pose a serious threat to food security.  相似文献   

Strategy to identify resistance to white mould associated with high yield for irrigated common bean in Brazil     

Renan C. Lima  Pablo H. Teixeira  Ari F. F. Souza  Trazilbo J. Paula Júnior  Hudson Teixeira  Miller S. Lehner  José E. S. Carneiro  Tiago S. Marçal  Rogerio F. Vieira 《Plant pathology》2020,69(6):1172-1184

Development of common bean cultivars with partial white mould resistance through breeding techniques has been a challenge in Brazil. As yet, lines/cultivars from breeding programmes have not been investigated for resistance; therefore, this study screened 107 lines/cultivars for their reactions to white mould in 14 preliminary trials conducted under irrigation. Thirteen resistant lines/cultivars (three of Andean origin) and six Mesoamerican cultivars (three intermediately resistant and three susceptible) were selected for further investigation. These lines/cultivars and the resistant control A195 were evaluated in six advanced trials and two straw tests to assess the effectiveness of the screening procedure. In 11 preliminary trials, screenings were performed under moderate/high or higher disease pressure. These pressures occurred in two advanced trials in which, when yields were averaged across moderate/high and high pressures, 10 Mesoamerican lines/cultivars selected for resistance yielded 14%, 23%, and 38% more than intermediately resistant cultivars, A195, and susceptible cultivars, with median disease ratings (1–9 scale) of 4.5, 5.7, 5.7, and 6.7, respectively. In the straw test, three Andean lines/cultivars (A195 included) and two susceptible cultivars in the field were among those with the highest levels of physiological resistance. Thus, field rating under high disease pressure and greenhouse rating did not correlate significantly, suggesting that field trials are critical to evaluating resistance and to identifying high-yielding beans. Therefore, lines/cultivars from breeding programmes assessed in field trials may provide a low cost and fast way to identify high-yielding bean cultivars with partial resistance to white mould in the subtropical southern hemisphere.  相似文献   

仁用杏新品种‘薄壳1号’     

张玲  李炳仁  翟明普  李建宏  侯智霞苏淑钗郭素娟魏淑贞  李建军 《园艺学报》2008,35(12):1852-1852

 ‘薄壳1号’是仁用杏‘优一’的实生栽培变种,丰产性强,盛果期平均株产杏核11.1 kg,出仁率42.35%～45％。核壳厚度0.9～1.12 mm,具有结果量越大,核壳越薄的特性。  相似文献   

菜豆种质资源对枯萎病菌的抗性研究     

冯国军  杨文月  王杰  刘大军  叶永亮 《北方园艺》2008,(2):234-236

对供试的21份菜豆种质资源材料的幼苗采用下胚轴双孔注射法进行接种菜豆枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxyxporum f.sp.phaseoli),接种7 d后调查下胚轴维管束发病情况,计算病情指数,其中感病材料2份;中抗枯萎病材料11份;抗枯萎病材料7份;高抗枯萎病材料1份.  相似文献   

QTL analysis of Cercospora leaf spot resistance in sugar beet   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

N.-O. Nilsson    M. Hansen    A. H. Panagopoulos    S. Tuvesson    M. Ehlde    M. Christiansson    I. M. Rading    M. Rissler  T. Kraft 《Plant Breeding》1999,118(4):327-334

The inheritance of Cercospora leaf spot resistance in sugar beet was investigated by means of quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of a segregating population of 193 individuals, using 110 AFLP and 35 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers. Five QTL were found through composite interval mapping on linkage groups 1, 2, 3, and 9, respectively, two of which were linked on linkage group 3. The significance of these QTL was tested by permutation analysis The QTL had mostly additive, but also certain negative dominance effects; all the resistance alleles came from the Cercospora-resistant parent. Each quantitative trait locus accounted for 7-18% of the phenotypic variation, leaving 37% of the variation unexplained. The results are discussed in relation to the potential use of marker-assisted breeding for Cercospora leaf spot resistance in sugar beet.  相似文献   

Yield and Yield Components from Intercropping Improved Bush Bean Cultivars with Maize   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

M. Santalla  P. A. Casquero  A. M. de Ron 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1999,183(4):263-269

Bush bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is widely intercropped with maize ( Zea mays L.) in North-west Spain. Little information is available on the relative performance of elite bush bean cultivars when intercropped or on the effect of bush bean on performance of the maize crop. This two-environment study presents the interactions between improved bush bean cultivars and maize on yield and yield components. Eight treatments (four bean/maize intercrops and four sole crops, two of bean and two of maize) were tested using a randomized complete block design with four replications in two environments. Bean and maize were planted simultaneously in alternate rows when intercropped. Significant treatment differences were observed for bean and maize moisture, pod and cob percentage, bean and maize yield, ears per plant and ear length. Location effects were significant for bean and maize moisture and pod percentage. Significant treatment by location interactions occurred for pod percentage and ear length. Intercropping reduced yield by between 40 and 60 % for bush bean cultivars, and by 45 % for both maize cultivars. Mean yields were used to calculate the land equivalent ratio (LER), which averaged 1.01 in Pontevedra but 0.93 in La Coruña. Intercropping of bush bean with maize did not make better use of land than conventional sole cropping under these environmental conditions. It is suggested that this was probably due to the amount and distribution of rain in relation to crop growth. Approaches that might be expected to result in improved land usage are presented.  相似文献   

The common bean landraces from Basilicata (Southern Italy): an example of integrated approach applied to genetic resources management     

Angela R. Piergiovanni  Gaetano Laghetti 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1999,46(1):47-52

Ex situ conservation of genetic resources has contributed to the improvement of several food crops through utilisation of preserved germplasm, but it is not the only approach to safeguard genetic resources. Presently, in situ methods are being examined as effective complementary strategies to preserve diversity along with the dynamic environment. Examples of de facto on farm conservation, a form of in situ, have been described. However, their future is unpredictable without the relief of formal scientific projects or appropriate regulations. Recent European Community regulations have introduced the possibility to attribute marks of origin and quality to local typical products. These marks can be an important support to on farm maintenance of élite landraces of principal crops. In the frame of a collaboration between the Italian gene bank and a farm (of the agricultural research service of Basilicata region), an integrated approach, involving ex situ and on farm conservation, was adopted to safeguard common bean landraces from Basilicata. The main result of this project was the attribution of IGP (indication of geographic provenance), an European Community mark, to some tested landraces.  相似文献   

Growth,partial energy balance,mantle and digestive gland lipid composition of Octopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) fed with two artificial diets     

S. GARCÍA  P. DOMINGUES  J.C. NAVARRO  I. HACHERO  D. GARRIDO  C. ROSAS 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2011,17(2):e174-e187

Effects of two binders (gelatine and alginate) were tested on growth, survival, partial energy balance and lipid composition of mantle and digestive gland (DG) of Octopus vulgaris. The three diets tested were given as follows: CON, (Loligo gahi) as control, GEL, composed of squid paste (L. gahi) (300 g kg^?1), fish hydrolyse CPSP^® (100 g kg^?1) and fish meal (500 g kg^?1), agglutinated with 100 g kg^?1 of gelatine and ALG, composed of squid paste (L. gahi) (300 g kg^?1), fish hydrolyse CPSP^® (100 g kg^?1) and fish meal (500 g kg^?1), all agglutinated with 100 g kg^?1 of alginate. Growth rates were 13.7 ± 2.1, 2.1 ± 2.8 and ?2.4 ± 2.9 g kg^?1 bw day^?1, for octopuses fed CON, GEL and ALG diets, respectively. DGs of octopuses had higher concentrations of fatty acids (FA) than the mantle. DG of animals fed CON had higher concentrations of FAs than those fed the artificial diets. Energetic balance demonstrated that physiologically useful energy for maintenance E(B) was affected by type of diet, with negative values of E(B) in animals fed ALG and positive (85 and 154 kJ kg^?1 day^?1) in octopuses fed GEL and CON, respectively. The ALG diet did not cope with the physiological requirements for octopus growth.  相似文献   

Evaluation of two anaesthetic agents and the passive integrated transponder tagging system in Octopus vulgaris (Cuvier 1797)     

J Estefanell  J Socorro  J M Afonso  J Roo  H Fernández‐Palacios  M S Izquierdo 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(3):399-406

Octopus vulgaris is a species of demand in the market with the potential to diversify European aquaculture. However, this species develops complex social interactions under culture conditions, which may have negative effects on its growth, survival and profitability. In order to understand its behaviour under such conditions, individual tagging systems allow a careful evaluation of biological parameters, such as growth and longevity. The present work describes a combined protocol (anaesthetic and tagging) for implanting subcutaneous passive integrated transponder tags (PIT). The effect of two anaesthetic agents in facilitating octopus handling is assessed: clove oil at 20–40–100 mg L^?1 and ethanol (96%) at 1–1.5–2%. The most suitable body location of PIT tags, its effect on growth and mortality, the addition of a stitch and the PIT retention rate after 2 months in floating cages were evaluated. It was concluded that immersion in seawater with 1.5% of ethanol at 22.3±0.5 °C is a suitable anaesthetic for this species. The results showed that the best‐selected PIT body location was the upper left arm III. No effect of the PIT tagging system was found on growth and survival when tagged and untagged octopuses were compared. It was observed after 2 months that the stitch did not induce an increase in the retention rate and 81–100% tag retention regardless of the dietary treatment.  相似文献