PEG干旱胁迫对3种葱属植物种子萌发期渗透调节物质及酶活性的影响     

秦立刚  李雪  李韦瑶  胡尧  李俊  崔国文 《草地学报》2021,29(1):72-79

为探明东北地区常见野生葱属植物耐旱能力,筛选野生葱属植物耐旱种质资源,本研究以野韭（Allium ramosum L.）、山韭（Allium senescens L.）和蒙古韭（Allium mongolicum Regel）3种葱属植物为材料,采用不同浓度的PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫,分析其种子萌发期渗透调节物质及酶活性的影响,并结合主成分分析和隶属函数分析比较抗旱性。结果表明：干旱胁迫下,3种葱属植物种子萌发期相对电导率显著升高（P<0.05）,丙二醛、脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量及超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、多酚氧化酶活性均呈现先上升后下降的趋势。3种植物相比,山韭相对电导率最低,渗透调节物质积累量最高,酶活性变化明显。主成分分析表明,4种酶活性之间显示出强相关性。隶属函数分析得出3种植物种子的抗旱性由高到低依次为：山韭 > 野韭 > 蒙古韭。  相似文献   

不同来源纤维饲粮对福建黄兔表观消化率、十二指肠组织形态及盲肠纤维消化酶活性的影响     

张丽萍  王建烽  李真真  雷琼  党浩千  刘庆华 《中国畜牧兽医》2021,48(2):501-508

本试验旨在研究不同来源纤维饲粮对福建黄兔表观消化率、十二指肠组织形态及盲肠纤维消化酶活性的影响。试验选用200只健康、体重接近的断奶福建黄兔,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复10只。4组分别饲喂由添加比例为25%的苜蓿草粉、甜菜渣、燕麦草、大麦糠为纤维饲料原料配制而成的饲粮。试验期为60 d,于试验第54天以全收粪法进行消化试验,屠宰后测定十二指肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度及二者比值,盲肠纤维素酶、半纤维素酶和果胶酶活性。结果表明：①苜蓿草粉与甜菜渣组的中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）、不溶性纤维（IDF）、可溶性纤维（SDF）的消化率均极显著高于大麦糠与燕麦草组（P<0.01）。其中,甜菜渣组不溶性纤维、可溶性纤维的消化率最高,与苜蓿草粉组差异显著（P<0.05）。②苜蓿草粉与甜菜渣组的绒毛高度极显著高于大麦糠组（P<0.01）,但显著低于燕麦草组（P<0.05）,隐窝深度显著低于大麦糠和燕麦草组（P<0.05）,其中甜菜渣组隐窝深度最低。甜菜渣组的绒毛高度/隐窝深度（V/C）最高,极显著高于其他组（P<0.01）。③苜蓿草粉与甜菜渣组盲肠3种纤维消化酶活性均极显著高于大麦糠和燕麦草组（P<0.01）,其中甜菜渣组的3种酶活均极显著高于苜蓿草粉组（P<0.01）。综上所述,对比4种纤维饲粮,在饲粮配方中添加25%的甜菜渣能提高肉兔的表观消化率与盲肠纤维消化酶活性,并能改善十二指肠组织形态。  相似文献   

绵羊乳酪蛋白血管紧张素转换酶抑制肽的制备与鉴定     

张艳  葛武鹏  宋宇轩  谢玉霞  汤海霞  王海燕  王爽爽 《乳业科学与技术》2021,44(3):19-23

以绵羊乳酪蛋白为原料,采用中性蛋白酶水解制备生物活性肽,研究酶解时间对酶解产物水解度和血管紧张素转换酶（angiotensin converting enzyme,ACE）抑制率的影响,利用液相色谱-质谱联用技术对水解产物进行分析和鉴定,筛选具有潜在ACE抑制作用的生物活性肽。结果表明：酶解时间达到300 min时,水解度最高值达9.65%,ACE抑制率为84.55%;当ACE抑制率达到50%时,所需肽段YYQQRP浓度为5～10 μmol/L;利用超高效液相色谱飞行时间质谱仪对酶解后的多肽进行序列分析,  相似文献   

Effect of Se and VE Supplement on Semen Quality,Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Heat Shock Protein Expression of Goat in High Temperature Season     

SHI Li-guang  ZHOU Xiong  XUN Wen-juan  HOU Guan-yu  ZHOU Han-lin  HUANG Xian-zhou 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(1):101-107

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of selenium and vitamin E supplement on semen quality, antioxidant enzyme activities and heat shock protein expression of goat in Hainan high temperature season.16 adult Hainan Black goat with good health and approximate weight were randomly divided into 4 groups, fed with basal diet(control group), basal diet+0.5 mg/kg Se(Se group), basal diet+100 mg/kg VE(VE group), and basal diet+0.5 mg/kg Se+100 mg/kg VE(Se+VE group), respectively.The experimental period was 93 d.Semen samples were collected in the last week of the experiment on two consecutive days.The semen quality, antioxidant enzyme activities and heat shock protein expression were analyzed.The results showed that compared with control group, the ejaculate volume was not significantly affected by Se or VE supplement(P>0.05).Sperm density and sperm motility were increased significantly by Se and VE supplement(P<0.05), and the abnormal rate was decreased extremely significantly(P<0.01).The goats fed with Se and VE also had higher activities of GSH-Px(P<0.01), SOD(P<0.05), CAT(P<0.05) and T-AOC(P<0.01), and lower MDA concentration in seminal plasma(P<0.05).The relative expression levels of HSP70 and HSP90 mRNA in supplement groups were decreased extremely significantly(P<0.01).However, there were some certain differences between the Se and VE supplement groups on semen quality and heat shock protein expression.In conclusion, the supplementation of Se and VE could help to improve goat semen quality by increasing the sperm density, sperm motility, the antioxidant enzyme activities, and decreasing the abnormal rate in hot season of Hainan.Finally, Se and VE supplement had good effects on relieving the environment heat stress.  相似文献   

Effects of dietary L-threonine levels on antioxidant capacity,digestive enzyme activities,and antibody production of Xinyang green-shell laying hens     

《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2016,25(3):422-427

Xinyang green-shell laying hens (n = 720), 32 wk of age were allocated to 5 dietary treatments groups, each of which included 6 replicates of 24 hens. The control group was given a basal corn-peanut-soybean meal diet containing 0.47% L-threonine (L-Thr). L-Thr levels of the experimental groups were 0.57, 0.67, 0.77, and 0.87%, respectively. The trial lasted 10 wk. Serum concentrations of total superoxide dismutases (T-SOD) and superoxide dismutases (SOD) were maximized at 0.67% L-Thr group. The 0.57% L-Thr group had the highest serum total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), while the 0.67% L-Thr group had the lowest serum malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. Hens fed 0.67% L-Thr of the diet resulted in the highest SOD and T-AOC levels in the liver. The activity of amylase and lipase in the jejunum was maximized at 0.77% L-Thr level. Hens fed 0.77% L-Thr in the diet resulted in the highest IgM and IgG levels in the jejunum. In conclusion, we suggest that a L-Thr level above 0.67% may have had an antioxidant capacity and positive effect on digestive enzyme activities and antibody production in the jejunum of Xinyang green-shell laying hens.  相似文献   

Differential transcriptional responses underlie dietary induction of intestinal carbohydrase activities in house sparrow nestlings          下载免费PDF全文

C. Gatica‐Sosa  P. Brzęk  J. G. Chediack  F. D. Cid  W. H. Karasov  E. Caviedes‐Vidal 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):236-242

  相似文献   

Effects of thermo‐resistant non‐starch polysaccharide degrading multi‐enzyme on growth performance,meat quality,relative weights of body organs and blood profile in broiler chickens          下载免费PDF全文

M. Mohammadi Gheisar  A. Hosseindoust  I. H. Kim 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(3):499-505

This research was conducted to study the performance and carcass parameters of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with heat‐treated non‐starch polysaccharide degrading enzyme. A total of 432 one‐day old Ross 308 broiler chickens were allocated to five treatments: (i) CON (basal diet), (ii) E1: CON + 0.05% multi‐enzyme, (iii) E2: CON + 0.1% multi‐enzyme, (iv) E3: CON + 0.05% thermo‐resistant multi‐enzyme and (v) E4: CON + 0.1% thermo‐resistant multi‐enzyme, each treatment consisted of six replications and 12 chickens in each replication. The chickens were housed in three floor battery cages during 28‐day experimental period. On days 1–7, gain in body weight (BWG) improved by feeding the diets supplemented with thermo‐resistant multi‐enzyme. On days 7–21 and 1–28, chickens fed the diets containing thermo‐resistant multi‐enzyme showed improved (p < 0.05) BWG and feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to CON group. Supplementing the diets with multi‐enzyme or thermo‐resistant multi‐enzyme affected the percentage of drip loss on d 1 (p < 0.05). Drip loss percentage on days 3 and 5 and also meat colour were not affected significantly. Supplementing the diets with multi‐enzyme or thermo‐resistant multi‐enzyme did not affect the relative weights of organs but compared to CON group, relative weight of breast muscle increased and abdominal fat decreased (p < 0.05). Among measured blood constituents, chickens fed supplemented diets with thermo‐resistant multi‐enzyme showed higher (p < 0.05) IgG. Counts of red and white blood cells and lymphocyte percentage were not affected. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that supplementing pelleted diets with thermo‐resistant multi‐enzyme improved performance of broiler chickens.  相似文献   

管理措施对三江源区"黑土滩"土壤肥力及土壤酶活性的影响   总被引：10，自引：7，他引：3  

韩发  李以康  周华坤  吴兵  王学英  冉飞  包苏科 《草业学报》2007,16(3):1-8

对三江源区典型退化草地“黑土滩”采取施肥及种植垂穗披碱草的恢复措施,结果表明,土壤中的全氮与有机质的相关性显著,全磷与有机质的相关性较明显,变化趋势相一致。短期的恢复措施造成了恢复样地20~30 cm土壤层中有机质、全氮和全磷含量的下降,长期的恢复措施使恢复样地中的这3种营养物质的含量得到了上升;人工种植措施使土壤中的全钾含量显著下降(P<0.05)。此外,速效养分的变化不一致,其中速效氮的含量表现为先降低后升高,速效磷和速效钾的含量变化表现出升高趋势。植被恢复对土壤脲酶活性有促进作用,但蔗糖酶活性没表现出规律性变化;这2种酶的活性与速效养分的含量表现出较强的正相关,而与有机质和全价养分的含量相关性不显著。  相似文献   

赤霉素和磷肥配合施用对胡麻光合酶活性及其产量形成的影响     

王瑛泽  曹智  高玉红  吴兵  王一帆  剡斌  崔政军  徐鹏 《干旱地区农业研究》2023,(4):71-82

为探究赤霉素和磷肥配合施用对胡麻叶片光合酶活性以及籽粒产量的影响,以‘轮选2号’为材料,采用田间二因素裂区试验设计,研究了不同磷肥用量水平(P₀:0 kg·hm^-2 P₂O₅,P₁:67.5 kg·hm^-2 P₂O₅,P₂:135 kg·hm^-2 P₂O₅)和赤霉素(Gibberellin acid, GA₃)喷施浓度(G₀:0 mg L^-1,G₁:15 mg·L^-1,G₂:30 mg·L^-1)对胡麻光合同化酶活性、干物质积累量及籽粒产量的影响。结果表明：施磷和喷施赤霉素均显著提高了胡麻叶片RuBP(Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate)、PEP(Phospho...  相似文献   

棕榈粕替代部分玉米对藏羊母羊小肠形态发育、消化酶活性及抗氧化功能的影响     

周力  侯生珍  王志有  杨葆春  韩丽娟  桂林生 《草业学报》2023,32(3):118-127

试验旨在探究精料补充料中使用不同比例棕榈粕替代玉米对藏羊母羊肠道组织形态学、消化酶活性、pH、脂多糖以及抗氧化能力的影响。选取初始体重相近且健康的2～3月龄高原型藏羊母羊120只,随机分为4组,每组30只,每组6个重复,每个重复5只母羊,分别饲喂0%、15%、18%和21%水平的棕榈粕替代精料中玉米。试验期97d。结果显示：1)0%组与15%组间小肠各段的绒毛高度、绒毛宽度、隐窝深度、黏膜厚度以及绒毛高度/隐窝深度差异均不显著（P>0.05）;2)0%组空肠的α-淀粉酶、纤维素酶、脂肪酶及糜蛋白酶显著或极显著小于15%组（P<0.05或P<0.01）;3)0%组空肠的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性显著低于15%组与18%组（P<0.05）,相较于21%组差异不显著（P>0.05）;4)18%组与21%组空肠的脂多糖含量显著或极显著高于0%组（P<0.05或P<0.01）,与15%组相比差异不显著（P>0.05）。由此可见,棕榈粕可替代部分玉米饲喂藏羊母羊,推荐替代玉米的比例为15%。  相似文献