Comparison of escape behavior of wild and hatchery-reared juvenile Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Taeko  MIYAZAKI  Tadahisa  SEIKAI  Izumi  KINOSHITA  Katsumi  TSUKAMOTO 《Fisheries Science》2004,70(1):7-10

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Sterols from bivalves <Emphasis Type="Italic">Calyptogena soyoae</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bathymodiolus septemdierum</Emphasis> living in deep sea     

Shion Kawai  Yuuki Takada  Shinji Tsuchida  Ryusuke Kado  Junji Kimura 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(4):902-906

From the two species of bivalves, Calyptogena soyoae around a cold seep and Bathymodiolus septemdierum near hydrothermal vents in the sea, sterols were isolated using high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis of the lipid fraction guided by characteristic ¹H NMR signals of the sterol skeleton. The minor sterol composition of C. soyoae included 24-methylenecycloartanal, cycloeucalenol, and obutusifoliol, which are known phytosterols. From B. Septemdierum, lathosterol and cholesterol as main sterols together with more diverse sterols were obtained. The difference between these species and their sterol contents is most likely because of feeding modes and metabolism of nutrients from their habitat.  相似文献   

微通气塑料袋对侧耳菌丝生长的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

姚建民  潘保华  殷海善 《山西农业科学》2003,31(1):50-52

采用自行研制的微通气聚乙烯塑料袋,生料栽培食用菌中的侧耳属平菇。试验表明,微通气塑料栽培袋创造了高O2和低CO2的气体组合,基本上能够抑制外源杂菌侵入和抑制水分的散失,促进了平菇菌丝的生长。接种后第7d起,菌丝的生长速度和长势都明显比普通栽培袋的好,发菌期比对照的24d缩短了7d。  相似文献   

Ammonificins C and D, Hydroxyethylamine Chromene Derivatives from a Cultured Marine Hydrothermal Vent Bacterium, Thermovibrio ammonificans     

Eric H. Andrianasolo  Liti Haramaty  Richard Rosario-Passapera  Costantino Vetriani  Paul Falkowski  Eileen White  Richard Lutz 《Marine drugs》2012,10(10):2300-2311

Chemical and biological investigation of the cultured marine hydrothermal vent bacterium, Thermovibrio ammonifican led to the isolation of two hydroxyethylamine chromene derivatives, ammonificins C and D. Their structures were elucidated using combination of NMR and mass spectrometry. Absolute stereochemistry was ascertained by comparison of experimental and calculated CD spectra. Biological evaluation and assessment were determined using the patented ApopScreen cell-based screen for apoptosis-induction. Ammonificins C and D induce apoptosis in micromolar concentrations. To our knowledge, this finding is the first report of chemical compounds that induce apoptosis from the cultured deep-sea marine organism, hydrothermal vent bacterium, Thermovibrio ammonificans.  相似文献   

滋肾活血方对血管性痴呆大鼠学习记忆能力和海马形态学的影响          下载免费PDF全文

任晨斌  伍大华  张发友  李红梅 《勤云标准版测试》2017,37(10):1082-1085

目的 探讨滋肾活血方对血管性痴呆（vascular dementia,VD）大鼠行为学和海马病理形态学的影响。方法 采用改良的双侧颈总动脉结扎法（2-VO法）制作VD大鼠模型,滋肾活血方干预。给药4周后,用水迷宫检测行为学;HE染色观察海马病理形态学的改变。结果 与模型组相比滋肾活血组逃避潜伏期缩短（P<0.05）,跨越平台次数增多（P<0.05）,HE染色示海马损伤明显减轻。结论 滋肾活血方可以改善VD大鼠的学习记忆能力,减轻海马组织损伤,对VD大鼠有一定的治疗作用。  相似文献   

Timing of susceptibility of highbush blueberry cultivars in northwestern Washington to Monilinia vaccinii‐corymbosi,the cause of mummy berry          下载免费PDF全文

D. O. C. Harteveld  T. L. Peever 《Plant pathology》2018,67(2):477-487

Mummy berry, caused by Monilinia vaccinii‐corymbosi, causes significant yield losses in blueberry fields in the coastal region of the Pacific Northwest, including northwestern Washington (WA). Development of effective disease control strategies are hindered by lack of knowledge of disease epidemiology in this region. This study compared floral and vegetative bud development of four blueberry cultivars, Duke, Bluecrop, Liberty and Draper, by evaluating the timing and number of susceptible buds on plants during the ascospore release period in two counties in northwestern WA in 2015 and 2016. Ascospores were detected from early March until early April in both years. All four cultivars presented susceptible vegetative and floral buds during this period but susceptible floral buds were consistently more numerous and observed earlier than vegetative buds. The timing of peak numbers of susceptible floral buds was earlier in cultivars Bluecrop and Duke compared to Draper and Liberty and peak numbers of susceptible vegetative buds of Bluecrop were observed earlier compared to the other three cultivars. Differences in susceptibility of these cultivars in the field may therefore depend on the timing of ascospore release relative to host development rather than differences in innate susceptibility. The frequency and spatial distribution of primary infections was also examined and seasonal variation was found in the incidence between bud types and no significant association between canopy heights. The outcomes of this research will be used to develop targeted and effective methods to prevent primary mummy berry infections in WA.  相似文献   

蟹笼渔具逃逸口位置对三疣梭子蟹逃逸行为的影响          下载免费PDF全文

张健  邱昱  裴占文  吴建辉  石建高  陈锦辉 《水产学报》2023,47(6):069715-069715

为了检验蟹笼渔具逃逸口对三疣梭子蟹逃逸行为的影响,实验使用红外水下摄像装备观察了三疣梭子蟹对3种不同配置逃逸口(位于侧网底部、开口高度3.2 cm和4.0 cm以及位于侧网顶部、开口高度4.0 cm)的反应行为。水下观察结果显示,三疣梭子蟹在笼底的探索行为使其能轻易发现和接近底部逃逸口,而垂直搜索行为能使其发现和接近顶部逃逸口,虽然发现并接近顶部逃逸口所需的时间显著大于底部逃逸口,但平均次数无显著性差异;87%接近逃逸口的个体企图穿越逃逸口,且逃逸口位置对此无显著影响;所有个体均采用侧身姿态穿越逃逸口,甲高是决定个体成功逃逸的关键因素;穿越顶部逃逸口的三疣梭子蟹需要花费更多的时间和精力调整姿态和位置以更好地匹配逃逸口,但广义线性混合模型(GLMM模型)拟合结果显示,逃逸口位置对个体逃逸成功率没有显著影响,表明三疣梭子蟹具有较高的个体姿态操纵能力,而笼内个体数量对逃逸成功率具有显著的影响。结合水下观察,研究认为个体在探索行为的活跃程度和浸泡时间会影响逃逸口的性能;考虑到东海近海蟹笼的结构和渔业现状,研究认为在蟹笼侧网靠近底部安装一个逃逸口是目前可行的技术措施。  相似文献   

Contributions of disease resistance and escape to the control of septoria tritici blotch of wheat     

L. S. Arraiano †  N. Balaam ‡  P. M. Fenwick  C. Chapman  D. Feuerhelm †  P. Howell §  S. J. Smith ¶  J. P. Widdowson  J. K. M. Brown 《Plant pathology》2009,58(5):910-922

The contributions of disease escape and disease resistance to the responses of wheat to septoria tritici leaf blotch (STB) were analysed in a set of 226 lines, including modern cultivars, breeding lines and their progenitors dating back to the origin of scientific wheat breeding. Field trials were located in the important wheat-growing region of eastern England and were subject to natural infection by Mycosphaerella graminicola . STB scores were related to disease-escape traits, notably height, leaf spacing, leaf morphology and heading date, and to the presence of known Stb resistance genes and isolate-specific resistances. The Stb6 resistance gene was associated with a reduction of 19% in the level of STB in the complete set of 226 lines and with a 33% reduction in a subset of 139 lines of semidwarf stature. Greater plant height was strongly associated with reduced STB in the full set of lines, but only weakly in the semidwarf lines. Shorter leaf length was also associated with reduced STB, but, in contrast to earlier reports, lines with more prostrate leaves had more STB on average, probably because they tended to have longer leaves. Several lines, notably cvs Pastiche and Exsept, had low mean levels of STB which could not be explained by either escape traits or specific resistance genes, implying that they have unknown genes for partial resistance to STB.  相似文献   

CFD Optimization on Coupling Smoke Control Parameters in Tunnel with Non symmetry laid Damper     

XU Lin  ZHANG Xu 《保鲜与加工》2009,(3):119-123

With respect to three vents located on both sides of the fire source in an asymmetrical arrangement, series of CFD simulations and reduced scale experimental tests are carried out. And further analysis is undertaken for several parameters, such as airflow distribution, flue gas temperature and smoke horizontal diffusion distance etc, with different combinations of the longitudinal velocity and exhaust rate. It is found that horizontal diffusion distance of smoke is confined in three vents bordering the fire source and optimization design with minimal exhaust rate is further proposed. With multiple CFD simulations, series of dimensionless correlations are recommended for further tunnel fire safety design with some parameters, such as heat release rate, tunnel inclination and optimized parameters with slope variation.  相似文献   

Hybrid performance of sorghum and its relationship to morphological and physiological traits under variable drought stress in Kenya   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

B. I. G. Haussmann    A. B. Obilana    A. Blum    P. O. Ayiecho    W. Schipprack  H. H. Geiger 《Plant Breeding》1998,117(3):223-229

Sorghum, Sorghum bicolor L. Moench, is grown mostly in semi-arid climates where unpredictable drought stress constitutes a major production constraint. To investigate hybrid performance at different levels of drought stress, 12 single-cross hybrids of grain sorghum and their 24 parent lines were grown in eight site-season combinations in a semi-arid area of Kenya. In addition, a subset of 20 genotypes was evaluated at the seedling stage under polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced drought stress. Environmental means for grain yield ranged from 47 to 584 g/m²reflecting the following situations: two non-stress, one moderate pre-flowering, four moderate terminal and one extreme drought stress. Mean hybrid superiority over mid-parent values was 54% for grain yield and 35% for above-ground biomass. Across environments, hybrids out-yielded two local varieties by 12%. Differences in yield potential contributed to grain yield differences in all stress environments. Early anthesis was most important for specific adaptation to extreme drought. Field performance was not related to growth reduction and osmotic adjustment under PEG-induced drought stress. In conclusion, exploitation of hybrid vigour could improve the productivity of sorghum in semi-arid areas.  相似文献