Characteristics of Two Crustins from Alvinocaris longirostris in Hydrothermal Vents     

Lu-Lu Guo  Shao-Lu Wang  Fang-Chao Zhu  Feng Xue  Li-Sheng He 《Marine drugs》2021,19(11)

Crustins are widely distributed among different crustacean groups. They are characterized by a whey acidic protein (WAP) domain, and most examined Crustins show activity against Gram-positive bacteria. This study reports two Crustins, Al-crus 3 and Al-crus 7, from hydrothermal vent shrimp, Alvinocaris longirostris. Al-crus 3 and Al-crus 7 belong to Crustin Type IIa, with a similarity of about 51% at amino acid level. Antibacterial assays showed that Al-crus 3 mainly displayed activity against Gram-positive bacteria with MIC₅₀ values of 10–25 μM. However, Al-crus 7 not only displayed activity against Gram-positive bacteria but also against Gram-negative bacteria Imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, in a sensitive manner. Notably, in the effective antibacterial spectrum, Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli (ESBLs) and Imipenem-resistant A. baumannii were drug-resistant pathogens. Narrowing down the sequence to the WAP domain, Al-crusWAP 3 and Al-crusWAP 7 demonstrated antibacterial activities but were weak. Additionally, the effects on bacteria did not significantly change after they were maintained at room temperature for 48 h. This indicated that Al-crus 3 and Al-crus 7 were relatively stable and convenient for transportation. Altogether, this study reported two new Crustins with specific characteristics. In particular, Al-crus 7 inhibited Gram-negative imipenem-resistant A. baumannii.  相似文献   

不同风况和开窗配置对夏季单栋塑料温室微气候的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

何科奭  陈大跃  孙丽娟  刘正鲁 《农业机械学报》2017,48(12):311-318， 339

以华东地区种植着空心菜的单栋塑料温室为研究对象构建其全尺度计算流体力学模型(CFD模型)。该模型经现场实验验证,其计算值与各测点温度实验值变化趋势吻合且差异在1.1℃以内。随后,通过该模型研究不同开窗配置下温室内气流和温度场特征,评估开窗配置对通风率、室内外温差和室内气候均匀性的影响,揭示不同风况下温室微气候形成机理。仿真结果表明,不同开窗配置会产生截然不同的温室微气候场。顶侧窗配置下温室通风率最高,室内外温差最小,能产生较均匀的室内气候,因此最适合于温室夏季通风。不同风况会对温室内气流和温度场产生显著的影响,进而影响温室降温效果和气候均匀性;当外界高温低风速气候条件下,热压通风起主导作用;顶侧窗通风能显著提高温室降温效果,有效降低作物冠状层气温。  相似文献   

运水烟罩内折射式喷头正交试验   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

何红勤  袁寿其  张杰  刘晓凡  顾伟华 《排灌机械》2009,27(3):181-183,195

针对运水烟罩内喷头性能对运水烟罩油烟净化效果的决定性影响,对直面扇形折射式喷头进行了正交试验,研究运水烟罩内折射式喷头结构参数、工作参数及水力性能之间的关系.试验采用四因素四水平正交表,利用综合评分法对运水烟罩内直面扇形折射式喷头的射程、喷洒面积、雨滴粒径等多项指标进行综合评价.结果表明：影响喷洒性能的主次顺序为工作压力、孔口直径、折射面高度、折射面角度;运水烟罩内的最佳工作压力为0.3 MPa;结构参数孔口直径和折射面高度均为1 mm,120°折射直面扇形喷头水量分布均匀,雾化效果好,喷洒面积大,油烟净化效果最好.  相似文献   

羊口疮病毒与宿主互作研究进展     

张友  包涛涛  鲜思美  杨倩  梁倩  顾庆林 《中国畜牧兽医》2021,48(5):1755-1761

羊口疮是一种人兽共患传染病，主要由羊口疮病毒（Orf virus，OrfV）感染所致，目前尚无特效药物可治疗。囊膜蛋白是OrfV的主要抗原性蛋白，其机理主要是为病毒侵入宿主细胞创造一系列条件，同时降低宿主免疫力，增强了病毒的毒力。当病毒侵入宿主体内后，宿主会产生抗病毒免疫应答来清除病毒粒子，包括特异性体液免疫和非特异性细胞免疫应答，但主要以非特异性的细胞免疫应答为主。宿主对病毒会产生抗病毒免疫应答，同时病毒也会对宿主的免疫应答形成一种免疫逃避机制，通过该机制来躲避宿主免疫细胞对病毒粒子的捕获和清除，为病毒粒子在宿主体内的增殖、成熟及增强病毒毒力创造了各种条件。作者归纳总结了近年来羊口疮病毒与宿主互作的研究，阐述了OrfV囊膜蛋白的生物学功能、宿主的抗病毒免疫应答、病毒在宿主体内的免疫逃避机制和OrfV的其他一些毒力因子的致病作用，以期为羊口疮病毒的致病机制及疫苗防制研究提供参考。  相似文献   

Relationship between invasion of tumor-associated macrophages and phenotype and immune efficacy of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in advanced ovarian carcinoma     

XU Li-nan  LIN Nan  HE Ke  CAI Jian  YANG Jian-bo 《园艺学报》2012,28(9):1618-1622

AIM:To explore the relationship between the invasion of tumor-associated macrophages(TAM) and the phenotype and immune efficacy of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes(TIL) in advanced ovarian carcinoma. METHODS:Immunohistochemical analysis of TAM density in 175 cases of poorly-differentiated ovarian cancer tissue biopsy was performed. The cases were divided into TAM high-density(TAM^High) group and TAM low-density(TAM^Low) group according to the median of TAM density. The control group included 32 cases of benign ovarian lesions. The changes of CD8⁺ and CD25⁺ phenotypes of TIL were detected by flow cytometry analysis. TIL in the 2 groups were cultured in vitro and the conditioned-medium was collected for detecting the expression of IL-2, IL-10, TGF-β and IFN-γ by ELISA. RESULTS:The average TAM infiltration density was 62.8/high-power field(HP, ×400) in 175 cases of poorly-differentiated ovarian carcinoma, and the median was 53.3/HP. TAM^High group was 87 cases and TAM^Low group was 88 cases. A significant difference between malignant ovarian carcinoma group and control group(10.5/HP) was observed. The mean expression of CD8⁺ TIL in TAM^High group was 24%, and CD8⁺ TIL in TAM^Low group was 52%(P<0.05). The mean expression of CD25⁺ TIL in TAM^High was 48%, and CD25⁺ TIL in TAM^Low was 25%(P<0.05). The average infiltration density of CD8⁺ and CD25⁺ TIL in control group was 7%. The average infiltration density of CD8⁺ and CD25⁺ TIL in TAM^High and TAM^Low groups was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05). Compared with TAM^Low group, TIL destruction cytokines IL-2 and IFN-γ were significantly decreased in TAM^High group(P<0.05), while the inhibitory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β were significantly increased(P<0.05). CONCLUSION:In high-density TAM infiltration of ovarian cancer tissues, CD25⁺ TIL type and inhibitory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β increase, while CD8⁺ TIL type and destruction cytokines IL-2/IFN-γ decrease, suggesting that the high-density TAM has relationship with the phenotype and immune efficacy of TIL.  相似文献   

储气井回收输气站放空气工艺的可行性     

席海宏  赵玲玉  刘明亮  吴斌  韩世聪  张光明 《油气储运》2014,(1):82-85

随着输气管道的不断建设，输气站的放空气量不断增加，造成较严重的资源浪费和环境污染。结合输气站工艺流程，根据计划性放空气量大、次数多、时间约束小等特点，提出了以地下储气井储气技术为核心的输气站放空气回收工艺，在输气站中选取合适位置建造储气井，利用气体自身的压力将高压放空气体引至低压储气井中储存回收。储气井回收输气站放空气的主要设施包括2口储气井以及相关管道和阀门。在中国石化某输气站进行实例应用，结果表明：该方式具有安全性高、占地面积小、设备布局美观、经济性良好等优点，能够避免资源浪费，达到节能减排的目的，值得进一步研究和推广。（图2，表2，参12）。  相似文献   

Breeding for adaptation to drought and heat in cowpea     

Anthony E. Hall   《European Journal of Agronomy》2004,21(4):447-454

Accomplishments in breeding for adaptation to drought and heat are reviewed based upon work with the indeterminate grain legume species cowpea. Plant traits and some crop management methods are examined that influence adaptation to rainfed production in the drought-prone, semiarid tropical Sahelian zone of Africa. Drought escape, drought resistance, delayed-leaf-senescence, and varietal intercrops are examined. In addition, adaptation to the heat that can detrimentally impact irrigated production in the hot, subtropical arid zone of California is evaluated. Heat tolerance during reproductive development, electrolyte leakage, membrane thermostability, some aspects of crop management including date of sowing, and chilling tolerance during emergence including the beneficial effects of a dehydrin protein are considered. Methods for breeding cowpeas with adaptation to drought and heat are described that have been effective.  相似文献   

遗传利用限制技术（GURTs）的发展及应用前景   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘蓉蓉  文学 《中国农业科技导报》2008,10(1):58-62

介绍了两种类型遗传利用限制技术（GURTs）的内容,分析了将其应用于转基因作物时可能产生的作用和影响,特别是在防止转基因逃逸方面潜在的应用价值。结合当前国际社会各方不同观点,综述了围绕GURTs应用引发的争论。  相似文献   

Effects of highly unsaturated fatty acids on escape ability from moon jellyfish Aurelia aurita in red sea bream Pagrus major larvae     

SHINNOSUKE  NAKAYAMA  REIJI  MASUDA  TOSHIO  TAKEUCHI  MASARU  TANAKA 《Fisheries Science》2003,69(5):903-909

  相似文献   

草莓花瓣脱落对果实灰霉病的影响     

韩永超  曾祥国  向发云  杨肖芳  袁华招  陈丰滢  顾玉成 《中国农业科学》2015,48(22):4460-4468

【目的】明确衰老花瓣在草莓果实灰霉病中的作用以及草莓花瓣脱落早晚与果实灰霉病发病的关系,为果实灰霉病的防控和抗（耐）灰霉病品种选育提供理论依据。【方法】试验1：以草莓品种‘甜查理’为材料,进行田间试验,摘除至少2 000个果实表面的衰老花瓣,以不摘除花瓣的处理为对照。保持塑料棚内高湿度8 d后,调查不同处理草莓果实灰霉病发病率。试验2：分别在2013、2014和2015年3月草莓盛花期,对11个草莓品种的田间花瓣脱落动态进行调查,每个品种选择20朵刚现蕾的花,记录现蕾后第7、14、21和28天果实上残留的花瓣数量,计算花瓣脱落率;于果实灰霉病发病高峰期,调查不同草莓品种果实灰霉病的发病率,分析现蕾后第7天花瓣脱落率与果实灰霉病发病率的相关性。试验3：对33个草莓品种现蕾后不同天数的花瓣脱落率与果实上残留花瓣数量进行调查,并分析两者的相关性。【结果】试验开始前棚内的草莓果实灰霉病发病率为4.2%;利用自然雨雪天气保持塑料棚内高湿度8 d后,摘除果实上残留衰败花瓣的处理,果实灰霉病的平均发病率为7.3%,对照小区果实灰霉病的平均发病率为25.3%,大部分果实均从与花瓣接触的地方开始感染。在不同试验年份,草莓品种之间的花瓣脱落趋势始终一致。所有草莓品种在花朵现蕾后,随时间延长,花瓣脱落率不断提高,但是不同草莓品种的花瓣脱落速度却有显著差异。不同年份草莓品种‘晶瑶’在现蕾后7 d的花瓣脱落率分别为99.0%、79.8%和94.4%,显著高于‘晶玉’（61.0%、24.0%和62.5%）和‘甜查理’（26.0%、3.8%和31.9%）。2013年调查的5个草莓品种的果实灰霉病发病率与花朵现蕾后第7天花瓣脱落率显著负相关 (P＜0.05);2014年调查的6个草莓品种,2015年调查的11个草莓品种的果实灰霉病发病率与花朵现蕾后第7天花瓣脱落率都显著负相关 (P ＜ 0.01)。对33个草莓品种的调查发现,不同草莓品种现蕾后第7天花瓣脱落率与果实上残留花瓣数量显著负相关(P ＜0.01)。【结论】衰老花瓣是灰葡萄孢（Botrytis cinerea）侵染果实的主要途径,摘除草莓果实上衰老花瓣可显著降低果实灰霉病的发病率。现蕾后第7天的草莓花瓣脱落率与果实灰霉病的发生具有显著负相关性,利用这种避病性,在选育抗灰霉病草莓品种时可优先考虑花瓣脱落早的材料。  相似文献