Effect of Organically Complexed Copper,Iron, Manganese,and Zinc on Broiler Performance,Mineral Excretion,and Accumulation in Tissues     

《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2007,16(3):448-455

Supplementation of trace minerals with a large safety margin in broiler chickens has resulted in a high level of mineral excretion that ends up in the environment. Organically complexed trace minerals (organic minerals) may be able to replace the inorganic trace minerals, because the former appear to have a greater bioavailability. Therefore, a 29-d cage study that included diets with supplemental trace minerals from organic and inorganic sources based on a trace mineral deficient control diet was conducted to examine the possible response of broiler chickens to organic mineral supplements. The results showed that supplementation with 4 mg of Cu and 40 mg each of Fe, Mn, and Zn from organic sources may be sufficient for normal broiler growth to 29 d of age. It is possible to use these lower levels of organic trace minerals in broiler diets to avoid high levels of trace mineral excretion.  相似文献   

低磷低蛋白日粮添加植酸酶和氨基酸对泌乳母猪粪氮磷排出量的影响     

方桂友  董志岩  邱华玲  林勤 《福建畜牧兽医》2016,(6):11-13

选择3~7胎长白×大白二元杂交母猪45头,随机分为3个组,每个组15头,泌乳期21 d。处理1组的日粮粗蛋白为18%、总磷为0.68%;处理2组的日粮粗蛋白为16.5%、总磷为0.58%;处理3组的日粮粗蛋白为15%、总磷为0.58%;处理2组和处理3组日粮中添加植酸酶。结果表明,日粮蛋白质降低1.5~3个百分点和总磷降低0.1%,对泌乳母猪的采食量和哺乳仔猪日增重无显著影响,母猪泌乳期体重损失显著减少,粪氮和磷的排放量显著减少。  相似文献   

Change in river water chemistry as affected by the confluence of forest drainage water in dairy farming area on Hokkaido Island, Northern Japan     

Yasunori Nakagawa  Tadashi Nakashima  Kazunori Mawatari 《Journal of Forest Research》2002,7(3):131-136

We evaluated i) the difference in river water chemistry between a watershed mainly consisting of pasture and a watershed mainly consisting of forest, and ii) how the chemistry of river draining the pasture is influenced by that of the river draining the forest. We selected one river (designated as the T-river) draining the pasture (3,587 ha), and two rivers draining a forest (738 and 879 ha) in eastern Hokkaido, northern Japan. During higher river flow due to precipitation and thawing, the concentrations of NO ₃ ⁻ , SO ₄ ²⁻ , K⁺, Fe, and Al increased, suggesting the relative importance of the shallow soil layer as their source. On the other hand, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, and Si decreased, suggesting the relative importance of the source in a deep soil layer. The concentrations of NO ₃ ⁻ , Cl⁻, SO ₄ ²⁻ , K⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, and Fe were higher in the T-river than in the forest drainage waters, suggesting the contribution of the excretion components from the milk cows. The Si concentration exhibited the opposite pattern. The concentrations of NO ₃ ⁻ , Cl⁻, SO ₄ ²⁻ , K⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺ (p<0.001), and Fe (p<0.05) in the T-river decreased after the confluence of the forest drainage waters, while Si concentration increased (p<0.001). The reason for the change in river chemistry was the confluence of the forest drainage waters. These findings suggested the environmental role of the forest in the dilution of the polluted river. Prof. S. Ohata, and Prof. H. Takeda, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, facilitated this study. Prof. T. Sakai, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, offered this study some convenience. Dr. M. Sakimoto, and Dr. M. Katsuyama, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, offered useful advise.  相似文献   

微生物发酵饲料对蛋鸡肠道菌群和氮磷排泄率的影响     

吕月琴  孙汝江  肖发沂  姜柏翠  陈克卫 《山东家禽》2012,(6):9-11

选择42周龄海兰褐蛋鸡480只,随机分为4组,每组设5个重复。对照A组饲喂基础日粮;试验B、C、D组分别为每100kg基础日粮中添加微生物发酵饲料5kg、10kg、15kgo预试期为14d,正试期为42d。试验结果表明：①各试验组肠道中乳酸杆菌数量显著提高（P〈0．05）,大肠杆菌数量显著降低（P〈0．05）;②各试验组的氮排泄率均有下降,其中C组下降最明显（P〈0．05）,磷排泄率均有下降的趋势,但差异不显著（P〉0．05）。以上结果表明,微生物发酵饲料可以明显改善蛋鸡的肠道微生态平衡,降低氮磷排泄率;添加量以每100kg基础日粮中添加微生物发酵饲料lOkg为最佳。  相似文献   

温度对斑点叉尾[鱼回]幼鱼耗氧率和氨氮排泄率的影响     

麻艳群  曲照球  司楠  董升辉  胡文广  孙悦欣  江林源 《水产养殖》2021,(4):31-35

采用封闭流水式装置,研究斑点叉尾[鱼回]幼鱼(Ictalurus Punctatus)(约9~11 g)在不同温度条件下(18,22和26℃)的耗氧率和氨氮排泄率变化情况。结果表明,在18,22和26℃时斑点叉尾[鱼回]幼鱼的耗氧率分别为(171.66±33)mg/(kg·h),(97.22±26)mg/(kg·h)和(171.83±44)mg/(kg·h),26℃处理组的耗氧率最高,与22℃处理组具显著差异(P<0.05);氨氮排泄率也表现出随水温的升高而升高的趋势,18,22和26℃时其氨氮排泄率分别为(0.40±0.01)mg/(g·h),(0.44±0.01)mg/(g·h)和(0.58±0.01)mg/(g·h)。在22~26℃,斑点叉尾[鱼回]幼鱼的耗氧率和氨氮排泄率均随温度升高而升高。  相似文献   

Dietary phytase increases the true absorption and endogenous fecal excretion of zinc in growing pigs given a corn-soybean meal based diet     

Gyo-Moon CHU  Motoharu KOMORI  Ryota HATTORI  Tohru MATSUI 《Animal Science Journal》2009,80(1):46-51

We investigated the effect of dietary phytase on the true absorption and endogenous fecal excretion of zinc (Zn) using ⁶⁷Zn in growing pigs given a corn-soybean meal based diet. Ten crossbred barrows were fed the control diet containing 90-mg/kg Zn, 2.3-g/kg phytate-phosphorus and 3.7-g/kg non-phytate-phosphorus or the phytase diet containing similar amounts of Zn and phytate-phosphorus, and 1.4-g/kg non-phytate-phosphorus with 750-PU/kg phytase for 12 h/day. On day 6, the pigs were given 200 g of the corresponding diet labeled by ⁶⁷Zn for 2 h. We measured feed intake, fecal Zn concentration and ⁶⁷Zn abundance for the determination of apparent absorption, true absorption and endogenous fecal excretion of Zn. Although the apparent absorption of Zn did not significantly differ between the dietary groups, the phytase group had significantly more ( P  < 0.05) true absorption of Zn than the control group. The endogenous fecal excretion of Zn tended to be more ( P  = 0.07) in the phytase group than in the control group. These results suggest that dietary phytase improves Zn bioavailability through increasing the true absorption of Zn in growing pigs, which results in stimulating the endogenous fecal excretion of Zn when dietary Zn satisfies its requirement.  相似文献   

酵母硒对亚慢性铅中毒小鼠排铅作用的实验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

路燕  杨惠超  李刚  卜春华 《特产研究》2012,34(1):23-26

研究酵母硒对染铅小鼠排铅作用的影响。选择雄性健康昆明小白鼠90只,随机分为6组,每组15只。1组为阴性对照组,2组为醋酸铅模型组,3组为亚硒酸钠组,4～6组为酵母硒低、中、高剂量组。除阴性对照组外,其余组分别饲喂等量的醋酸铅,30d后测定每组小鼠血液、脑、骨、肝中铅的含量。结果表明,酵母硒组小鼠血液、脑、骨、肝铅水平均显著低于醋酸铅模型组(P<0.05)。可见酵母硒对亚慢性铅中毒小鼠具有明显的排铅作用。  相似文献   

中华稻蝗（Oxya chinensis）对重金属镉的累积及排泄     

张育平  杨慧敏  李丽君  马恩波  郭亚平 《农业环境科学学报》2012,31(1):36-41

为了研究重金属镉(Cd)在植食性昆虫体内的累积和排泄规律,通过Cd慢性染毒的方法,用不同浓度Cd溶液培养的麦苗饲喂中华稻蝗(从4龄若虫至成虫),采用原子吸收法测定Cd在中华稻蝗(Oxyachinensis)整虫和中肠的蓄积及Cd在其粪便和蜕中的排泄量。研究结果表明,Cd在中华稻蝗整虫和中肠中的累积规律相似,即随着麦苗中Cd含量的增加,整虫和中肠中Cd的累积量明显升高,且各处理间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。部分Cd可以通过粪便的排泄和蜕皮过程而排出体外。用不同Cd浓度的麦苗饲喂中华稻蝗后,其粪便和蜕中的Cd排泄量与对照组相比显著升高(P<0.05),且各处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。中华稻蝗整虫、中肠、粪便和蜕中的Cd含量与食物(麦苗叶片)中的Cd含量存在显著的剂量-反应关系,其相关系数分别为:整虫0.977、中肠0.920、粪便0.967、蜕0.840。研究结果可为进一步研究Cd在中华稻蝗体内积累和排泄的动态变化规律提供理论和实验依据。  相似文献   

东北虎源等孢球虫在猫体内的卵囊排出规律观察     

张靖伟  路义鑫  张子群  韩彩霞  王守育  宋铭忻 《中国预防兽医学报》2009,31(11)

为研究猫体内的卵囊排出规律,本研究分离的东北虎源等孢球虫纯种卵囊,在猫体内多次传代后获得充足的卵囊.对猫进行人工感染30、10~3和10~4个孢子化卵囊,观察猫的卵囊排出规律,包括潜隐期、显露期、排卵囊高峰期及每克粪便中卵囊数(OPG 值).通过对比,验证了潜隐期、显露期、OPG值与感染剂量存在相关关系,即感染剂量越小,潜隐期越长,显露期越长,OPG值越小,反之亦然.  相似文献   

鸭瘟病毒弱毒株在免疫雏鸭体内的分布和排毒规律   总被引：9，自引：5，他引：9  

程安春  汪铭书  刘菲  宋涌  袁桂萍  韩晓英  徐超  廖永洪  文明  周伟光  贾仁勇 《中国兽医学报》2005,25(3):231-233,258

鸭瘟病毒(DPV)弱毒Cha株经皮下、口服和滴鼻3种途径免疫1日龄雏鸭，应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测了病毒在体内分布和排毒规律。Cha株免疫雏鸭后，对血液、心、肝、脾、肺、肾、十二指肠、直肠、法氏囊、胸腺、胰腺、延脑、大脑、小脑、舌、肌肉、骨髓、粪便和食道共19种组织PCR检测结果如下：(1)皮下接种雏鸭后4h，即可在心、肝、脾、肾、法氏囊、胸腺、胰腺、延脑、大脑和小脑共10种组织中检出DPV的DNA；8h后，所有采取的组织器官均可检测到DPV的DNA。(2)口服接种雏鸭后4h，可在舌和食道中检测到DPV的DNA；8h后，可在心、肝、脾、肾、胸腺、胰腺、延脑、大脑、小脑、舌、食道和血液共12种组织器官中检出DPV的DNA。(3)滴鼻接种雏鸭后4h，未能在各种组织中检出DPV的DNA；8h后，可在心、肝、脾、肾、胸腺、延脑、大脑、小脑、舌、食道和血液共11种组织中检测到DPV的DNA。(4)在3种免疫途径中，检出时间最早和检出率最高的组织器官为肝脏、脑(大脑、小脑和延脑)；3种途径免疫的鸭，从免疫后12h至21d均能从所有采集的组织中检测出DPV DNA。  相似文献