营养物质对鱼类食欲的影响     

田娟  何艮  麦康森  周慧慧 《动物营养学报》2016,(4):974-983

寻找理想鱼粉替代物是近20年动物营养学的研究热点之一,尽管在肉食性鱼类中鱼粉替代物因适口性差、消化率低、氨基酸不平衡和存在抗营养因子等原因导致其替代比例较低,然而,随着鱼粉供求关系的进一步不平衡,替代鱼粉已成为肉食性鱼类养殖可持续发展的必然要求。因此,如何提高肉食性鱼类对鱼粉替代物的利用率成为了鱼粉替代研究的瓶颈。本文从食欲的角度,综述各种营养物质对食欲的影响,以便利用营养措施来人为调控鱼类的食欲,从而提高饲料利用率。  相似文献   

我国鲢鳙鳊鲫鱼肉蛋白质冷藏稳定性的研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

丁玉庭  骆肇荛  季家驹 《淡水渔业》1999,29(6):12-15

采用肌原纤维（Ｍｆ）ＡＴＰ酶活性和溶解度考察鲢鳙鳊鲫四种淡水鱼的冷藏稳定性,显示出完全一致的对应结果,即－２０℃鲢鳙变性严重,鳊鲫轻微,结果表明：ＭｆＣａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性在考察蛋白质冷藏变性中是一个可靠而又实用的指标。  相似文献   

Long-term patterns of microhabitat use by fish in a southern Appalachian stream from 1983 to 1992: effects of hydrologic period, season and fish length   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

G. D. Grossman  R. E. Ratajczak Jr. 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》1998,7(3):108-131

Abstract— We quantified microhabitat use by members of a southern Appalachian stream fish assemblage over a ten-year period that included both floods and droughts. Our study site (37 m in length) encompassed riffle, run and pool habitats. Previous research indicated that species belonged to either benthic or water-column microhabitat guilds. Most species exhibited non-random microhabitat use in all seasons, and benthic and water column species generally were over-represented in the deeper portions of the site. In addition, water column species generally were over-represented in microhabitats with lower average velocities. The majority of seasonal shifts in microhabitat use were passive (i. e. correlated with changes in microhabitat availability), whereas, most shifts associated with hydrological periods appeared to be active responses to changing environmental conditions. Most species exhibited length-related shifts in microhabitat use, which were strongly affected by hydrologic period for four of ten species. Microhabitat use patterns of assemblage members appeared to be a consequence of species-specific responses to changing environmental conditions. The highly flexible patterns of microhabitat use exhibited by these species necessitate that decisions regarding their management be based on data covering a range of environmental conditions.  相似文献   

伊犁河鱼类   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

任慕莲 《水产学杂志》1998,(1)

1995──1997年对伊犁河（中国境内）进行鱼类和水域生态调查研究,采集鱼类标本7000余尾。经鉴定整理计32种,隶属于6目9科27属。其中土著鱼类仅10种,具有经济价值的5种,随着鱼类的人工移植与驯化,伊犁河的鱼类发生了很大的变化。除已被记载的裸腹鲟、西鲤、东方欧鳊和梭鲈外,这次调查被列入新记录的有：短头、草鱼、鲢、鲫、银鲫、赤梢鱼、贝加尔雅罗、欧鲇,以及小型鱼类：条、中华、麦穗鱼、棒花鱼、北方泥鳅、青、黄鱼、褐栉虎鱼和波氏虎鱼等17种。并研究了伊犁河鱼类的演变和发展趋势。  相似文献   

鱼类产卵孵化方式及其适应意义     

解涵  金广海  解玉浩  王雷  乔辉 《河北渔业》2010,(3):53-57

综述了卵生鱼类的浮性卵、粘性卵、沉性卵及特殊类型的产卵孵化方式及其适应意义,也描述了卵胎生和胎生鱼类的胚胎发育及产仔特征。  相似文献   

Linking size‐based trophodynamics and morphological traits in marine fishes     

María F. Ríos  Leonardo A. Venerus  Paraskevi K. Karachle  William D. K. Reid  Karim Erzini  Konstantinos I. Stergiou  David E. Galvn 《Fish and Fisheries》2019,20(2):355-367

The rule of thumb in marine trophodynamics indicates that the bigger an organism, the higher its trophic level (TROPH). This generalization leads to the assumption that fishes increase their TROPH with growth. However, a recent review showed that for many species, TROPH does not increase with body size, suggesting that size‐independent feeding is not rare in marine fishes. Here, we assessed some morphological traits of marine fishes that could potentially be used as indicators for the ability to vary TROPH with body size. Stable isotope values of nitrogen were used as a proxy TROPH. The specific objectives were as follows: (a) to evaluate the relationship between the oral gape and the trophodynamic trend and (b) to quantify the relevance of 11 external morphological traits in determining the size‐based trophodynamics. We used random forest models to identify the morphological traits that would help predict which species would have the potential to increase TROPH with growth and which would have not. The selected traits included the pelvic fin relative position, the dorsal fin shape, total length, and relative mouth size. Our results also showed a marked relationship between the rate of increase in the oral gape and TROPH. The analyses presented here provide the first comprehensive and quantitative review aiming at linking the trophodynamics of marine fishes with external morphological traits.  相似文献   

基于细胞色素b基因序列的鲌亚科鱼类系统发育研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冯晓宇  谢楠  冯建彬  许宝青  赵金良 《淡水渔业》2009,39(5)

采用特异性引物PCR扩增获得了鲌亚科7属10种鱼类细胞色素b基因的全长序列,初步构建了鲌亚科鱼类的系统发育关系。NJ树和MP树一致表明,鲌亚科鱼类种内所有个体均单独聚群,支持率高;同一属内,除蒙古鲌(Culter mogolicus mongolicus)未能与同属的翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)、青梢鲌(Culter dabryi dabryi)单独聚为一支外,团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala)与三角鲂(Megalobrama terminal)、翘嘴鲌与青梢鲌均为姐妹种。NJ、MP树显示鲌亚科鱼类属间关系的支持率都较低,鲂属(Megalobrama)与鳊属(Parabramis)间、鲌属(Culter)与原鲌属(Cultrichthys)间、细鳊属(Rasborinus)与半属(Hemiculterella)、属(Hemiculter)间有较近的亲缘关系,在系统演化关系上,细鳊属、半属、依氏鱼属(Ishikauia)较为原始,鲌属与原鲌属、鲂属与鳊属互为姐妹群,为较特化群。  相似文献   

Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from cultured fishes in Malaysia manifesting low resistance pattern towards selected antibiotics          下载免费PDF全文

M A S Aisyhah  M N A Amal  M Zamri‐Saad  A Siti‐Zahrah  N N Shaqinah 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(12):1093-1098

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中国海洋一般中上层经济鱼类生物学研究的回顾与前瞻   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李建生  张其永  郑元甲  洪万树 《海洋渔业》2014,36(6)

中国海洋一般中上层经济鱼类种类繁多,大多为r选择型或由K选择型演变为r选择型,资源更新速度较快、可持续利用的前景较为广阔,在中国海洋捕捞业产量中的比重呈上升趋势。本文综述了中国海洋一般中上层经济鱼类的渔业发展概况,着重介绍了鳓(Ilisha elongata)、灰鲳(Pampus cinereus)、竹鱼(Trachurus japonicus)、金色小沙丁鱼(Sardinella aurita)、黄海鲱(Clupea harengus pallasi)和黄鲫(Setipinna taty)等6种主要种类资源生物学的研究进展,概述了这些种类的种群鉴别和划分、洄游分布、越冬场、产卵场及其产卵期、年龄和生长、摄食习性、生殖力和群体结构变动,以及其资源量和可捕量的评估,同时展望了其资源生物学研究的前景并提出了前瞻性建议。  相似文献   

太湖银鱼和主要鱼类渔获量间的相关分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘恩生  鲍传和  曹萍  丁淑荃 《安徽农业大学学报》2006,33(1):70-75

根据太湖1973-2002年连续30年的鱼类渔获量统计资料,研究了太湖银鱼和主要鱼类渔获量间的相关关系.并根据2004-2005年的食性调查初步结果对相互关系的机制进行了分析.简单相关分析表明,太湖银鱼和鲌鱼、鲢鳙鱼渔获量间的正相关关系均达到极显著水平;偏相关分析表明,太湖银鱼和鲌鱼渔获量间的正相关关系达到极显著水平,和其它鱼类渔获量间的正相关关系达到显著水平,和鲢鳙鱼渔获量间的正相关关系虽然没有达到显著水平,但有一致趋势;简单相关和偏相关分析均表明,太湖银鱼和和鲚鱼渔获量间的相关关系均没有达到显著水平.分析认为:太湖银鱼渔获量的变化除受捕捞强度及环境理化等因素影响外,鲌鱼通过捕食调节,可能降低了鲚鱼和银鱼的食物竞争强度,从而有利银鱼增加;鲢、鳙鱼通过和鲚鱼的食物竞争,从而间接促进了银鱼种群数量发展.  相似文献