First report of Calonectria cerciana causing leaf blight of Eucalyptus in northern India     

Ratnaboli Bose  Shailesh Pandey  Pooja Joshi  Sabyasachi Banerjee  Amit Pandey  Maneesh S. Bhandari 《Forest Pathology》2021,51(1):e12658

Eucalyptus spp. and their hybrids are frequently cloned and mass planted across farmland tracts and commercial plantations in northern India. It is a viable feeder species to the paper and pulp industries in this region. In 2018 and 2019, during field surveys conducted in northern India, a serious leaf blight disease was frequently observed in E. tereticornis plantations. Isolation from the blighted leaf samples consistently yielded fungal isolates having Calonectria‐like morphology. Morphological features coupled with sequence analysis of partial β‐tubulin (TUB2) and partial translation elongation factor‐alpha (TEF1) gene regions of two fungal isolates confirmed the species as Ca. cerciana. In detached leaf assays and glasshouse inoculation experiments, both isolates produced symptoms similar to those observed on the naturally infected leaves. Koch's postulates were fulfilled by re‐isolating Ca. cerciana from the inoculated leaves. This work is the first to confirm that Ca. cerciana is associated with a serious leaf blight disease of Eucalyptus in northern India and is an important addition to the taxonomy of Calonectria fungi in India.  相似文献   

低纬高原甘蔗中后期灾害性真菌病害发生为害调查分析     

李文凤  李婕  普家荣  王晓燕  单红丽  张荣跃  普金安  李银煳  黄应昆 《农学学报》2022,12(6):24-32

为了明确甘蔗中后期灾害性真菌病害种类及灾害特性,对云南蔗区中后期灾害性真菌病害发生分布和品种抗性进行调查鉴定,在成熟期称量和测定甘蔗产量、糖分及损失率。结果表明,云南蔗区中后期灾害性真菌病害有梢腐病、褐条病、锈病3种,梢腐病菌为Fusarium verticillioides和Fusarium proliferatum,褐条病菌为Bipolaris setariae,锈病菌为Puccinia kuehnii和Puccinia melanocephala;‘桂糖11-1076’、‘闽糖12-1404’、‘福农09-2201’、‘福农09-71111’、‘桂糖06-1492’、‘桂糖08-1180’、‘云蔗11-1074’、‘桂糖06-2081’、‘桂糖08-1589’、‘粤甘48号’、‘柳城09-15’、‘云蔗05-51’、‘云蔗11-1204’、‘福农07-3206’等新品种高度抗病。梢腐病、褐条病和锈病实测产量损失率平均为38.43%、25.6%、24.9%,甘蔗糖分平均降低3.54%、2.82%、3.11%。本研究明确了低纬高原甘蔗中后期灾害性真菌病害种类及灾害特性,为防控提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

Gamna‐Gandy bodies: a case of mistaken identity in the spleen of a cat     

Julia K. Ryseff  Colleen Duncan  Gabriella Sfiligoi  Paul R. Avery 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2014,43(1):94-100

A 4‐year‐old, female spayed Domestic Shorthair cat was presented for a 2‐day history of lethargy, anorexia, and vomiting. Diagnostic assessments revealed a severe, regenerative anemia and the presence of a solitary, 3 × 4 cm splenic mass. Cytologic examination of fine‐needle aspirates of the splenic mass showed sheets of pleomorphic histiocytic cells with numerous intracellular and extracellular, negatively staining to deeply basophilic, branching structures. These structures were typically of thin uniform thickness with random angled branching that formed geometrical shapes and fragments, occasionally with sharpened ends and a crystalline appearance. Septal‐like divisions were irregularly spaced along some of the linear branches. The cytology was interpreted as a probable histiocytic inflammatory response to the unidentified foreign material with histiocytic sarcoma as a differential diagnosis. Histopathologic evaluation of the splenic mass resulted in a diagnosis of histiocytic sarcoma. The branching material stained positively for both iron and calcium, indicating that the material was compatible with Gamna‐Gandy bodies present secondary to tumor‐associated hemorrhage and the formation of calcium–iron complexes.  相似文献   

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Ochroconis humicola</Emphasis> infection in red sea bream <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pagrus major</Emphasis> and marbled rockfish <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sebastiscus marmoratus</Emphasis> cultured in Japan   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Shinpei?WadaEmail author  Chutima?Hanjavanit  Osamu?Kurata  Kishio?Hatai 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(3):682-684

  相似文献   

Infection experiments with Aphanomyces invadans in four species of estuarine fish     

Johnson RA  Zabrecky J  Kiryu Y  Shields JD 《Journal of fish diseases》2004,27(5):287-295

Along the eastern seaboard of the US, Atlantic menhaden, Brevoortia tyrannus, develop characteristic ulcerative lesions, a condition termed ulcerative mycosis. These lesions are identical to those seen across Asia in fish affected by epizootic ulcerative syndrome, a condition caused by the fungus-like oomycete Aphanomyces invadans. Young-of-the-year menhaden inhabiting estuarine environments are the primary species affected in the USA and little is known about the factors involved in the initiation of the lesions, or why menhaden are predominantly infected. Atlantic menhaden, hogchoker, Trinectus maculatus, striped killifish, Fundulus majalis, and mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus, were inoculated with A. invadans (80 zoospores per fish) to explore species differences in infection and lesion development. All four species developed lesions. Killifish developed frank lesions similar to those observed in menhaden but the gross lesions occurred later, approximately 5-10 days after those on menhaden. Hogchoker and mummichog did not develop gross skin ulcers; rather, their lesions appeared as reddened areas under the epidermis. Mummichogs also showed evidence of significant healing with a well-developed granuloma and significant myocyte regeneration. These experiments show that species barriers as well as ecological barriers can explain some of the factors involved in the development of lesions in, and specificity of the water mould for, menhaden.  相似文献   

甘肃加工型番茄叶果真菌病原鉴定及主要病害   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

雷玉明  ;刘晓刚 《中国园艺文摘》2014,(7):39-41

经田间采集、分离培养、致病性测定,鉴定出13种加工型番茄真菌病原及病害。其中早疫病(Alternaria solani)、灰霉病(Botrytis cinerea)、叶霉病(Fulvia fulva)、斑枯病(Septoria lycopersici)、白霉病(Ramularia lycopersici)为甘肃省加工型番茄主要流行性病害,是制约甘肃省加工型番茄发展的主要病害。内丝白粉病(Leveillula brassicae)、柱隔孢菌(Ramularia lycopersici)侵染加工型番茄在国内外未见报道,属新病害。黑斑病(Alternaria brassicae)、果腐病(Fusarium moniliforme)、枯萎病(Fusarium oxysporium)、斑枯病(Septoria lycopersici)、煤污病(Cercospora fuligena)侵染加工型番茄在甘肃省属首次报道。  相似文献   

不同比例滑菇菌糠提取液对几种食用菌菌丝生长的影响     

姜明  荆伟  陈鑫 《黑龙江农业科学》2014,(5):113-115

为探讨食用菌高效栽培方法,采用平板培养法,探讨了在PDA培养基中加入不同比例的滑菇菌糠提取液对食用菌菌丝生长的影响。结果表明:适量的滑菇菌糠提取液能够促进榆黄菇和杏鲍菇菌丝生长是有促进作用的,添加量为30%最为理想,而对平菇和白灵菇菌丝生长是有抑制作用的。  相似文献   

铝胁迫对酸性红壤中真菌种群多样性的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

贺根和  王小东  刘强  吴吉春 《农业环境科学学报》2014,33(9):1736-1742

通过聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态(PCR-RFLP)技术构建了红壤真菌的内转录间隔区(Internal Transcribed Spacer,ITS)rDNAs文库,比较分析了红壤地区典型森林土和农田土真菌群落结构对铝胁迫的响应,构建了6个土壤样品的真菌ITS rDNAs文库。从这6个克隆文库中随机挑取克隆进行了PCR-RFLP指纹图谱分析,共获得77个独特的真菌操作分类单元(OperationalTaxanomicalUints,OTUs)。对77个OTUs的代表性克隆测序并利用Blast工具进行分析(相似性95%~100%)。研究结果表明森林土壤和农田土壤样品中真菌类群79.2%(61)属于子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota)和球囊菌门(Glomeromycota),20.8%(16)属于未分类的簇(Unclassifiedfungi),其中担子菌门真菌在两种土壤中具有明显优势。物种多样性指数(Simpson、Shannon和Chao1)分析表明,铝胁迫降低了土壤真菌种群的多样性,农田土壤中真菌的种群多样性明显高于森林土壤。而且随着铝胁迫浓度的增加,担子菌门真菌在两种土壤中丰度明显下降,子囊菌门真菌的丰度显著上升,在高铝处理浓度处理的土壤中演变为优势种群。  相似文献   

Plant pathogen protection by arbuscular mycorrhizas: A role for fungal diversity?     

Jeannine Wehner 《Pedobiologia》2010,53(3):197-201

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can confer protection to host plants against some root pathogens, and several mechanisms for these phenomena have been proposed. If AM fungal taxa vary in the ways that they limit the negative effects of pathogens on host plants, additive and/or synergistic interactions among members of diverse AM fungal assemblages and communities may result in a greater pathogen protection than is currently predicted. However, in a review of the literature on interactions between AM and pathogenic fungi, we found few examples that compared the effectiveness of single- and multi-species AM fungal assemblages. Here, we briefly recount the generally recognized mechanisms of pathogen protection by AM fungi and present evidence, where appropriate, for functional diversity among AM fungal taxa with regard to these mechanisms. We propose that functional complementarity of AM fungal taxa in interactions with pathogens could mimic, or even be the cause of, previously observed relationships between AM fungal diversity and plant productivity.  相似文献   

Role of RGD-mediate Adhesion in Signal Transduction of Plant Resistance     

ZHAO Huan  WANG Bo-chu  ZHAO Hu-cheng  Xl Bao-shu  DAI Chuan-yun 《保鲜与加工》2006,(3):116-118

During the period of the primary contact time,there are series of recognition between the Fungal pathogens and the plant cell,which include physical and biochemical recognition.The results affect the infection directly.In the process of penetrating plant cell walls,there is not only an emzymolysis to plant cell wall,but also a mechanical squeeze to the cell wall.The latter almost trigger cell-associated defense response,such as extracellular hydrogen peroxide generation and callose doposition The complete cell wall-related defence response will be induced by mechanical signal and chemical signal together.Being to with the mammalian cell,in plant cell wall intergrin-like proteins have response to perceive the mechanical signal,which is via RGD(Arg-Gly-Asp)motif,and the plasma membrane-cell wall adhesion is required for expression of plant defense responses during fungal penetration.  相似文献