牛磺酸对急性氨中毒的鲫和草鱼抗氧化及炎症相关基因表达影响的比较     

章倩  张木子  黎明  王日昕 《水产学报》2020,44(2):289-299

为了比较牛磺酸对急性氨中毒的鲫和草鱼缓释作用的差异,实验分别构建了4个处理组,组1实验鱼通过腹腔注射生理盐水,组2注射醋酸铵(鲫7 mmol/g,草鱼9 mmol/g),组3注射醋酸铵和牛磺酸(100μg/g),组4注射牛磺酸。毒性实验持续96 h。结果显示,组2鲫肝脏中SOD、CuZnSOD和CAT基因mRNA表达量显著低于组1和组3;组2和组3鲫肝脏中GPx基因mRNA表达量显著低于组1;组1鲫大脑中SOD、CuZnSOD、CAT和GPx基因mRNA表达量最高;组2草鱼肝脏中SOD、CuZnSOD、CAT和GPx基因mRNA表达量显著高于其他组;组2和组4草鱼大脑中SOD和CuZnSOD基因mRNA表达量显著低于组1和组3;组3草鱼大脑中CAT和GPx基因mRNA表达量最高;此外,组2鲫和草鱼肝脏及大脑中TNF和IL基因mRNA表达量均显著高于其他组。研究表明,鱼类氨中毒会扰乱机体的抗氧化酶系统和免疫应答,引起氧化损伤和炎症反应;草鱼通过提高抗氧化相关基因表达以应对氨中毒;牛磺酸能够有效缓解氨中毒对鲫和草鱼造成的氧化伤害,但牛磺酸并不能降低氨中毒对鲫和草鱼造成的炎症反应。  相似文献   

Scalarane-Type Sesterterpenoids from the Marine Sponge Lendenfeldia sp. Alleviate Inflammation in Human Neutrophils     

Bo-Rong Peng  Kuei-Hung Lai  Gene-Hsiang Lee  Steve Sheng-Fa Yu  Chang-Yih Duh  Jui-Hsin Su  Li-Guo Zheng  Tsong-Long Hwang  Ping-Jyun Sung 《Marine drugs》2021,19(10)

Sponge-derived scalaranes are remarkable sesterterpenoids previously found to exhibit profound inhibitory effects against neutrophilic inflammation. In our current work, we constructed the metabolomic profile of marine sponge Lendenfeldia sp. for the first time using a tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) molecular networking approach. The results highlighted the rich chemical diversity of these scalaranes, motivating us to conduct further research to discover novel scalaranes targeting neutrophilic inflammation. MS- and NMR-assisted isolation and elucidation led to the discovery of seven new homoscalaranes, lendenfeldaranes K–Q (1–7), characterized by methylation at C-24, together with five known derivatives, lendenfeldarane B (8), 25-nor-24-methyl-12,24-dioxoscalar-16-en-22-oic acid (9), 24-methyl-12,24,25-trioxoscalar-16-en-22-oic acid (10), felixin B (11), and 23-hydroxy-20-methyldeoxoscalarin (12). Scalaranes 1–4 and 6–12 were assayed against superoxide anion generation and elastase release, which represented the neutrophilic inflammatory responses of respiratory burst and degranulation, respectively. The results indicated that 1–3 and 6–12 exhibited potential anti-inflammatory activities (IC₅₀ for superoxide anion scavenging: 0.87~6.57 μM; IC₅₀ for elastase release: 1.12~6.97 μM).  相似文献   

Time after seawater transfer influences immune cell abundance and responses to SAV3 infection in Atlantic salmon          下载免费PDF全文

J Jarungsriapisit  L J Moore  I U Fiksdal  H Bjørgen  A Tangerås  B Köllner  E O Koppang  S Patel 《Journal of fish diseases》2018,41(8):1269-1282

Pancreas disease (PD) caused by salmonid alphavirus (SAV) severely affects salmonid aquaculture during the seawater phase. To characterize immune cells in target tissues for SAV infection, heart, pancreas and pyloric caeca were analysed from two groups of fish adapted to seawater for 2 and 9 weeks. The sections were scored for the relative abundance of cells expressing MHC class II, IgM, CD3, CD8 or neutrophil/granulocyte markers using immuno‐histochemical techniques. In general, necrosis of tissue was more severe in fish infected at 2 weeks post‐seawater transfer (wpt) compared with those infected at 9 wpt. At 9 wpt, there were higher numbers of MHC II⁺ cells in heart, pancreas and pyloric caeca, IgM⁺ cells in heart and pancreas, and CD3⁺ cells in pancreas compared to those infected at 2 wpt. The majority of the immune cells infiltrating PD‐affected tissues were MHC II⁺ and CD3⁺ cells suggesting that antigen‐presenting cells and T lymphocytes are the main types of immune cells responding to SAV infection. All the investigated cell types were also observed in pyloric caeca of infected fish, suggesting that this tissue may play a role in the immune response to SAV.  相似文献   

Viral co‐infections in farmed Atlantic salmon,Salmo salar L., displaying myocarditis          下载免费PDF全文

J Wiik‐Nielsen  M Alarcón  B Bang Jensen  Ø Haugland  A B Mikalsen 《Journal of fish diseases》2016,39(12):1495-1507

Several different viruses have been associated with myocarditis‐related diseases in the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry. In this study, we investigated the presence of PMCV, SAV, PRV and the recently identified Atlantic salmon calicivirus (ASCV), alone and as co‐infections in farmed Atlantic salmon displaying myocarditis. The analyses were performed at the individual level and comprised qPCR and histopathological examination of 397 salmon from 25 farms along the Norwegian coast. The samples were collected in 2009 and 2010, 5–22 months post‐sea transfer. The study documented multiple causes of myocarditis and revealed co‐infections including individual fish infected with all four viruses. There was an overall correlation between lesions characteristic of CMS and PD and the presence of PMCV and SAV, respectively. Although PRV was ubiquitously present, high viral loads were with a few exceptions, correlated with lesions characteristic of HSMI. ASCV did not seem to have any impact on myocardial infection by PMCV, SAV or PRV. qPCR indicated a negative correlation between PMCV and SAV viral loads. Co‐infections result in mixed and atypical pathological changes which pose a challenge for disease diagnostic work.  相似文献   

预防性给予生物活性肽对巨噬细胞抵御LPS刺激的调节作用     

胡亚菁  高扬  李锡安  梁世排  陈静  李婉如  张少辉  吴金鸿 《上海交通大学学报(农业科学版)》2016,(6):14-20

预防性给予巨噬细胞(RAW264.7细胞)不同浓度的生物活性肽Gln-Glu-Pro-Val(QEPV)后,用脂多糖(LPS)刺激细胞,通过检测细胞因子表达和炎性蛋白基因转录,观察生物活性肽QEPV对细胞抵御LPS刺激的调节作用。结果表明,0.1g/L的QEPV有显著的促进细胞增殖作用,0.5g/L浓度以下的QEPV对RAW264.7细胞无增殖抑制作用。0.5g/L QEPV预处理RAW264.7细胞后,用LPS刺激细胞,其IL-6、IL-12等促炎细胞因子的分泌降低,抗炎细胞因子IL-10分泌提前,分泌量增加,COX-2、iNOS基因的转录水平降低,说明乳源性生物活性肽QEPV对RAW264.7细胞抵御LPS刺激起正向调节作用。  相似文献   

二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀急性炎症模型的建立          下载免费PDF全文

谷捷  李鑫  余黄合  王宝新  黄惠勇  曾嵘  蔡雄 《勤云标准版测试》2016,36(5):32-35

目的 通过对二甲苯的用量和保留时间进行研究,优选二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀急性炎症模型的最佳成模条件。方法 二甲苯涂抹昆明系小鼠右耳廓上下两面,诱导建立急性耳肿胀,对二甲苯剂量（20、30、40 μL）和保留时间（30、45、60、75、90 min）进行优选,并采用阳性药对优选建立的小鼠耳肿胀急性炎症模型进行验证。结果 二甲苯用量对鼠耳肿胀率影响不明显（P>0.05）;但随保留时间延长,耳肿胀度呈下降趋势,且90 min组与30 min组比较有显著性差异（P=0.045）。与模型组比较,经吲哚美辛治疗后,耳肿胀度显著降低（P=0.007）,TNF-α含量亦明显下降（P<0.001）。结论 二甲苯用量20 μL,保留时间30 min,可成功建立最佳的小鼠耳肿胀急性炎症模型。  相似文献   

Fucoidans and Bowel Health     

Jin-Young Yang  Sun Young Lim 《Marine drugs》2021,19(8)

Fucoidans are cell wall polysaccharides found in various species of brown seaweeds. They are fucose-containing sulfated polysaccharides (FCSPs) and comprise 5–20% of the algal dry weight. Fucoidans possess multiple bioactivities, including antioxidant, anticoagulant, antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-lipidemic, anti-metastatic, anti-diabetic and anti-cancer effects. Dietary fucoidans provide small but constant amounts of FCSPs to the intestinal tract, which can reorganize the composition of commensal microbiota altered by FCSPs, and consequently control inflammation symptoms in the intestine. Although the bioactivities of fucoidans have been well described, there is limited evidence to implicate their effect on gut microbiota and bowel health. In this review, we summarize the recent studies that introduce the fundamental characteristics of various kinds of fucoidans and discuss their potential in altering commensal microorganisms and influencing intestinal diseases.  相似文献   

The treatment of diarrhoea in the adult horse     

R. J. Naylor  B. Dunkel 《Equine Veterinary Education》2009,21(9):494-504

The priority in treating the equine patient with acute diarrhoea is to stabilise the haemodynamic aberrations secondary to the fluid and electrolyte losses. Once this has been initiated and the patient is stabilised ancillary treatments may be beneficial. Besides the well established effects of NSAIDs and polymixin B on systemic inflammation, recent studies suggest that the use of DTOS to bind bacterial toxins and Saccharomyces boulardii to reduce the severity and duration of diarrhoea may be beneficial. The justification for using probiotic products is scant. There is no evidence to suggest that systemic use of antimicrobials benefits equine patients with colitis, with the exception of metronidazole in cases of clostridial diarrhoea. In light of their potentially detrimental effects, their use can, in the opinion of the authors, not be advocated. Better understanding of the pathways of systemic inflammation and more selective anti‐inflammatory drugs may be of great benefit in the future.  相似文献   

Scrub-itch mite infestation in the endangered bridled nailtail wallaby   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

JM Old  J Lowry  LJ Young 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(8):338-341

Skin lesions on the ears and inguinal and axillary regions of a number of adult animals within a captive population of the endangered bridled nailtail wallaby ( Onychogalea fraenata ) were associated with the trombiculid mite, Eutrombicula hirsti . The local inflammatory response of these Australian marsupials is described.  相似文献   

Piscine reovirus (PRV) in wild Atlantic salmon,Salmo salar L., and sea‐trout,Salmo trutta L., in Norway     

Å. H. Garseth  C. Fritsvold  M. Opheim  E. Skjerve  E. Biering 《Journal of fish diseases》2013,36(5):483-493

This is the first comprehensive study on the occurrence and distribution of piscine reovirus (PRV) in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., caught in Norwegian rivers. PRV is a newly discovered reovirus associated with heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI), a serious and commercially important disease affecting farmed Atlantic salmon in Norway. A cross‐sectional survey based on real‐time RT‐PCR screening of head kidney samples from wild, cultivated and escaped farmed Atlantic salmon caught from 2007 to 2009 in Norwegian rivers has been conducted. In addition, anadromous trout (sea‐trout), Salmo trutta L., caught from 2007 to 2010, and anadromous Arctic char, Salvelinus alpinus (L.), caught from 2007 to 2009, were tested. PRV was detected in Atlantic salmon from all counties included in the study and in 31 of 36 examined rivers. PRV was also detected in sea‐trout but not in anadromous Arctic char. In this study, the mean proportion of PRV positives was 13.4% in wild Atlantic salmon, 24.0% in salmon released for stock enhancement purposes and 55.2% in escaped farmed salmon. Histopathological examination of hearts from 21 PRV‐positive wild and one cultivated salmon (Ct values ranging from 17.0 to 39.8) revealed no HSMI‐related lesions. Thus, it seems that PRV is widespread in Atlantic salmon returning to Norwegian rivers, and that the virus can be present in high titres without causing lesions traditionally associated with HSMI.  相似文献