Laminar inflammatory gene expression in the carbohydrate overload model of equine laminitis     

Leise BS  Faleiros RR  Watts M  Johnson PJ  Black SJ  Belknap JK 《Equine veterinary journal》2011,43(1):54-61

Reasons for performing study: There is a need to assess the laminar inflammatory response in a laminitis model that more closely resembles clinical cases of sepsis‐related laminitis than the black walnut extract (BWE) model. Objectives: To determine if a similar pattern of laminar inflammation, characterised by proinflammatory cytokine expression, occurs in the CHO model of laminitis as has been previously reported for the BWE model. Methods: Sixteen horses administered 17.6 g of starch (85% corn starch/15% wood flour)/kg bwt via nasogastric (NG) tube were anaesthetised either after developing a temperature >38.9°C (DEV group, n = 8) or at onset of Obel grade 1 lameness (OG1 group, n = 8). Control horses (CON group, n = 8) were anaesthetised 24 h after NG administration of 6 l of deionised water. Laminar tissue was collected from horses while under anaesthesia, followed by humane euthanasia. Real time‐quantitative PCR was used to assess laminar mRNA concentrations of genes involved in inflammatory signalling. Results: Increased mRNA concentrations (P<0.05) for IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐12p35, COX‐2, E‐selectin and ICAM‐1 were present in laminae from horses with OG1 lameness but not at the DEV time, when compared to the CON horses. No differences between the groups were found for IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐10, TNF‐α, IFN‐γ or COX‐1 at either the DEV or OG1 time points. Conclusions: There was a notable difference in the temporal pattern of inflammatory events between the BWE and CHO models, with the majority of laminar inflammatory events appearing to occur at or near the onset of lameness in the CHO model, whereas many of these events peak earlier in the developmental stages in the BWE model. This suggests that, in addition to circulating inflammatory molecules, there may be a local phenomenon in the CHO model resulting in the simultaneous onset of multiple laminar events including endothelial activation, leucocyte emigration and proinflammatory cytokine expression. Potential relevance: The similar (although somewhat delayed) inflammatory response in the CHO model of laminitis indicates that inflammatory signalling is a consistent entity in the pathophysiology of laminitis.  相似文献   

Effect of probiotic supplementation on growth performance,intestinal morphology,barrier integrity,and inflammatory response in broilers subjected to cyclic heat stress     

Qiufen Li  Gen Wan  Chengying Peng  Lanjiao Xu  Yingmei Yu  Lin Li  Guanhong Li 《Animal Science Journal》2020,91(1)

This study investigated the protective effects of probiotic on heat stress‐induced intestinal injury and inflammatory response in broilers. A total of 180 male broilers were randomly allocated to three treatments with four replicates each from 22 to 42 days of age. The broilers were either raised under thermoneutral (TN) conditions (23 ± 1°C) or subjected to cyclic heat stress (28–35–28°C for 12 hr daily). The broilers kept at TN conditions were fed a basal diet, and those exposed to heat stress were fed basal diets supplemented with or without probiotic at a dose of 1.5 × 10⁸ cfu/kg. Compared with the TN group, heat stress decreased (p < .05) the growth performance, reduced (p < .05) villus height and villus height: crypt depth ratio in intestinal mucosa, increased (p < .05) serum levels of D‐lactic acid on day 28 and endotoxin, TNF‐α and IL‐6 on day 42, and decreased (p < .05) serum IL‐10 content on day 42. Dietary supplementation of probiotic reversed (p < .05) all these changes except for the growth performance in heat‐stressed broilers. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of probiotic could improve intestinal morphology and barrier function, alleviate inflammatory response, but exert no ameliorative effect on growth performance of broilers under cyclic heat stress.  相似文献   

Effects of surgery on free and total 25 hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in dogs     

Dylan N. Clements  Gemma Bruce  John M. Ryan  Ian G. Handel  Ioannis L. Oikonomidis  Adam G. Gow  Helen Evans  Susan Campbell  Emma Hurst  Richard J. Mellanby 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2020,34(6):2617-2621

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LC型自耦漏磁变压器式镇流器的重复着火能力与设计     

叶文孙 《安徽农业大学学报》1993,20(2):169-172

本文讨论了LC型非饱和自耦漏磁变压器式镇流器的重复着火问题,提出了该种镇流器的一种设计方法和电参数的估算公式,并作了设计举例。  相似文献   

连翘水提液体外对禽流感病毒增殖及炎症因子表达的抑制效应     

赵冰倩  罗畅  刘健新  李慧子  张彭涛  于相龙  刘博洋  宁章勇 《畜牧兽医学报》2020,51(6):1466-1474

旨在评估连翘体外抗H5N1和H9N2禽流感病毒（avian influenza viruses,AIVs）增殖及其介导炎症的效果,本试验制备了连翘水提液,首先采用CCK-8法测定了连翘水提液对DF-1细胞的安全浓度,并通过3种处理方法（药液预处理病毒后感染细胞、先感染病毒后给药、先给药后感染病毒）来筛选连翘水提液的最佳给药方式;在最佳给药方式下,使用TCID₅₀法检测禽流感病毒H5N1和H9N2的增殖情况,并采用qRT-PCR检测了炎症相关趋化因子和细胞因子的表达变化。结果显示,连翘水提液对DF-1细胞的最高安全浓度为4 mg·mL^-1;先感染病毒后给药是最佳的给药方式;在最佳给药方式下,连翘水提液能显著降低H5N1和H9N2 AIVs在各个时间点的病毒滴度,并呈剂量依赖性关系;与对照组相比,H5N1 AIV给药组中CX3CL1、IL8L1、CCL5、SCYA4、IL1β、IL-6和TNF-α的表达显著降低,H9N2 AIV给药组中CX3CL1、IL8L1、CCL5、IFN-β、IL-6和TNF-α的表达也有类似的下降趋势。这表明连翘能够抑制H5N1和H9N2 AIVs在DF-1细胞中的增殖,降低炎症相关细胞因子的表达,有良好的抗炎和抗病毒活性。  相似文献   

Paraoxonase-1 activity evaluation as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in horses and foals     

Beatrice Ruggerone  Saverio Paltrinieri  Alessia Giordano  Donatella Scavone  Irene Nocera  Riccardo Rinnovati  Alessandro Spadari  Licia Scacco  Paola Pratelli  Micaela Sgorbini 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2020,34(2):949-954

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In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Sulfated Polysaccharides Isolated from the Edible Brown Seaweed,Sargassum fulvellum     

Lei Wang  Hye-Won Yang  Ginnae Ahn  Xiaoting Fu  Jiachao Xu  Xin Gao  You-Jin Jeon 《Marine drugs》2021,19(5)

In the present study, the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of the sulfated polysaccharides isolated from Sargassum fulvellum (SFPS) were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and zebrafish. The results indicated that SFPS improved the viability of LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages from 80.02 to 86.80, 90.09, and 94.62% at the concentration of 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL, respectively. Also, SFPS remarkably and concentration-dependently decreased the production levels of inflammatory molecules including nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, prostaglandin E₂, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6 in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, SFPS significantly inhibited the expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, the in vivo test results indicated that SFPS improved the survival rate of LPS-treated zebrafish from 53.33 to 56.67, 60.00, and 70.00% at the concentration of 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, SFPS effectively reduced cell death, reactive oxygen species, and NO levels in LPS-stimulated zebrafish. Taken together, these results suggested that SFPS possesses strong in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities, and could be used as an ingredient to develop anti-inflammatory agents in the functional food and pharmaceutical industries.  相似文献   

Turning Meat,Poultry, Eggs,and Dairy Products Into Nutraceuticals Through Increasing Their Conjugated Linoleic Acid Levels,Part One: Reviewing the Literature of Benefits Claimed for Conjugated Linoleic Acids in Human Health     

Tony Stankus 《Journal Of Agricultural & Food Information》2013,14(3):229-255

ABSTRACT

In the first of this two-part series of articles, the debate in the clinical literature over the reality or extent of particular positive health benefits of a putative nutraceutical, conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs), in human subjects will be reviewed. In the second article, the means by which animal scientists and farmers—responding as much to annual sales in the hundreds of millions of dollars in health food stores of seed oil capsules rich in CLAs, as opposed to any conclusive clinical science—are aggressively pursuing ways to feed livestock that would naturally increase the concentration of CLAs per conventional consumer dietary portions, essentially allowing meat, eggs, fluid milk and the processed foods derived from them to be marketed as functional foods. In both installments in this series, the core journals covering developments in CLA-related research are identified for agricultural and food science librarians.  相似文献   

Endocrine and immunologic effects of inhaled fluticasone propionate in healthy dogs     

Cohn LA  DeClue AE  Reinero CR 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2008,22(1):37-43

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日粮添加不同水平芦丁对热应激小鼠睾丸组织的影响     

刘慧娟  庄苏  张佳琦  周斌斌  熊玮  王恬  王超 《畜牧兽医学报》2022,53(8):2586-2597

本试验旨在探讨日粮添加不同水平芦丁对缓解热应激小鼠睾丸组织损伤的影响。将30只5周龄体重相近（20～22 g）的ICR系雄性小鼠随机分为5组,各组小鼠分别饲喂基础日粮添加0（CON组）、0（HS组）、250（HS+R250）、500（HS+R500）和1 000（HS+R1000） mg·kg^-1芦丁的日粮,饲养10 d后,除对照组（CON）外,所有小鼠在每天10：00至14：00之间置于42℃恒温箱中连续处理8 d后屠宰取样分析。结果显示：1）与CON组相比,HS组小鼠睾丸指数无显著变化（P>0.05）,而日粮添加250 mg·kg^-1芦丁显著提高热应激小鼠睾丸指数（P<0.05）;小鼠睾丸组织切片结果显示,与CON组相比,HS组小鼠生精小管直径和横截面积显著降低（P<0.05）,生精细胞脱落比率显著增加（P<0.05）;与HS组相比,HS+R250组小鼠生精小管横截面积显著增加（P<0.05）,生精细胞脱落比率显著降低（P<0.05）,HS+R500组生精细胞脱落比率也显著降低（P<0.05）,HS+R1000组小鼠生精小管直径显著增加（P<0.05）;小鼠睾丸指数、生精小管直径及生精小管脱落比率在芦丁处理组与CON组之间无显著差异（P>0.05）,但HS+R250组小鼠睾丸生精小管横截面积显著高于CON组（P<0.05）。2）与CON组相比,HS组小鼠睾丸组织丙二醛（MDA）含量显著升高（P<0.05）,总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）与还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量以及血红素酶-1（HO-1） mRNA的表达量均显著降低（P<0.05）;日粮添加250 mg·kg^-1芦丁显著降低热应激小鼠睾丸组织中MDA含量（P<0.05）,提高T-AOC与GSH含量（P<0.05）,并增强核因子E2相关因子2（Nrf2）、HO-1和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px） mRNA的表达量（P<0.05）,而添加500和1 000 mg·kg^-1芦丁也显著提高了GSH含量（P<0.05）;与CON组相比,除HS+R250组Nrf2 mRNA表达量显著高于CON组（P<0.05）外,芦丁组热应激小鼠睾丸组织抗氧化相应基因与酶活指标均无显著性变化（P>0.05）。3）热应激小鼠睾丸中核因子-κB （NF-κB）、TOLL样受体4（TLR-4）和Bax的mRNA表达量显著增加（P<0.05）,而Bcl-2表达量显著降低（P<0.05）;日粮添加250 mg·kg^-1芦丁显著降低NF-κB、TLR-4、髓样分化因子88（MyD88）、白细胞介素-Iβ（IL-1β）和Bax mRNA表达量（P<0.05）,增强Bcl-2的表达水平（P<0.05）;添加500 mg·kg^-1芦丁显著降低NF-κB和TLR-4表达量（P<0.05）,而1 000 mg·kg^-1芦丁能够显著增加Bcl-2的表达（P<0.05）;小鼠睾丸组织中免疫和增值凋亡相关基因的表达量在添加芦丁组及CON组之间无显著性差异（P>0.05）。结果提示,日粮添加适宜剂量芦丁具有改善热应激小鼠睾丸组织形态及功能的效果,其机制可能与芦丁通过Nrf2信号通路缓解氧化应激,通过TLR-4/NF-κB信号通路抑制炎症反应及调控Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA的表达密切相关。本试验条件下日粮添加250 mg·kg^-1芦丁的效果较好。  相似文献