Intramammary antibiotics with complementary acupuncture decreases milk serum N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase concentrations in dairy cattle with subclinical mastitis     

Elise Lauren Ryan  Joseph J. Klopfenstein  Michelle Anne Kutzler 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(12):1747-1755

The objective of this research is to determine whether intramammary antibiotics with complementary acupuncture can reduce bovine mammary inflammation due to subclinical mastitis. Lactating cows were selected based on milk with a somatic cell count (SCC) greater than 500,000 cells/ml. Pre- and post-treatment milk samples were collected to determine SCC, aerobic bacterial content, milk ion conductivity, total protein, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAGase) concentrations. Milk serum was prepared from milk samples by double centrifugation. Concentrations of LDH and NAGase were determined using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Cows being treated with intramammary antibiotics were separated by random assignment to the acupuncture group (n = 10) and a no-acupuncture (control) group (n = 9). Both the acupuncture and control group were restrained for 30 min in a head catch 12 hr apart for a total of four times. For front quarters affected by subclinical mastitis, the acupuncture points used were spleen (SP) 12, SP 17, SP 18, SP 21, stomach (ST) 18 and conception vessel (CV) 12. For rear quarters affected by subclinical mastitis, the acupuncture points used were bladder (BL) 30, BL 30-1, BL 49, kidney (KI) 10, conception vessel (CV) 2 and CV 3. All parameters were compared using a Student t test. Significance was defined as p < .05. Compared to control cows, complementary acupuncture treatment reduced NAGase enzymatic activity in quarters of cows with subclinical mastitis. The reduction in NAGase suggests that complementary acupuncture treatment may be associated with healing of the damaged mammary epithelial cells, which are the primary source of NAGase activity in milk serum.  相似文献   

The physiological response to capture and handling stress in the Atlantic sharpnose shark, Rhizoprionodon terraenovae     

Eric R. Hoffmayer  Glenn R. Parsons 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2001,25(4):277-285

Secondary effects of capture and handling stress in the Atlantic sharpnose shark, Rhizoprionodon terraenovae, were investigated in this study. Twenty-four sharks were serially bled and changes in several hematological parameters were monitored over a 1-h time period, following capture by hook-and-line. Blood samples were obtained from each shark at 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 min. All 0-min (initial) blood samples were obtained within 3 min of capture. Blood glucose (9.2–13.1 mmol l^–1), lactate (1.5–28.9 mmol l^–1), and plasma osmolality (871–929 mOsm kg^–1) all increased after capture, whereas blood pH (6.86–6.78) declined. Hematocrit values (initial = 25.1%) remained unchanged throughout the 1-h stress period. Due to the short amount of time it took to obtain the initial sample and the lack of a significant relationship between the initial time and the initial parameter levels, all initial samples are considered the best approximation of the predisturbance resting levels. The use of repeated measures in this study enables us to describe the dynamics of the secondary stress response in the Atlantic sharpnose shark.  相似文献   

日粮不同NFC/NDF比对奶山羊瘤胃pH值、挥发性脂肪酸及乳酸含量的影响     

胡红莲  卢德勋  刘大程  珊丹  李胜利  张春华  石岩 《畜牧与饲料科学》2011,(Z1):41-46

试验旨在探讨日粮不同非纤维性碳水化合物/中性洗涤纤维比(NFC/NDF)对奶山羊瘤胃发酵参数的影响。选择6只安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的关中奶山羊作为试验动物,采用自身对照试验法,共分为4组(分4期进行),每期10d,依次饲喂NFC/NDF比分别为1.02(Ⅰ期)、1.24(Ⅱ期)、1.63(Ⅲ期)、2.58(Ⅳ期)的4种日粮。结果表明,随着日粮NFC/NDF比的提高瘤胃pH值降低,瘤胃pH值下降速率和下降幅度及pH值低于5.2、5.5、5.8、6.0的持续时间随之加快、延长;瘤胃丙酸、丁酸及总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)含量随日粮NFC/NDF比提高呈增加趋势,而乙酸含量及乙酸/丙酸则呈降低趋势;血浆乙酸、丙酸、丁酸及TVFA均呈增加趋势。当日粮NFC/NDF比达2.58时,瘤胃pH值在5.2～5.5之间持续时间每日达7h以上,此时瘤胃乳酸含量较低,血浆及瘤胃TVFA含量显著提高(P<0.05)。结果表明,随着日粮NFC/NDF比的提高,使瘤胃逐渐处于酸性环境,改变了瘤胃发酵模式;瘤胃pH值的下降主要源于瘤胃TVFA增多,而非乳酸;当日粮NFC/NDF比为2.58时,奶山羊发生亚急性瘤胃酸中毒。  相似文献   

The effects of sulphur starvation on the amino acid and protein compositions of barley grain     

P.R. Shewry  J. Franklin  S. Parmar  S.J. Smith  B.J. Miflin 《Journal of Cereal Science》1983,1(1):21-31

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Comparison of Plasma Metabolite Concentrations and Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity in Dogs,Cats, Horses,Cattle and Sheep     

Sako T  Urabe S  Kusaba A  Kimura N  Yoshimura I  Tazaki H  Imai S  Ono K  Arai T 《Veterinary research communications》2007,31(4):413-417

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Comparison of Plasma Metabolite Concentrations and Peripheral Leukocyte Enzyme Activities in Sheep Fed on Different Diets in New Zealand and Japan     

Arai T  Kusaba A  Takeguchi A  Tanaka Y  Ozawa T  Yoshida T  Sako T  Hayashi T  Blair H 《Veterinary research communications》2007,31(6):681-684

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Associations between meal size,gastric emptying and post‐prandial plasma glucose,insulin and lactate concentrations in meal‐fed cats          下载免费PDF全文

M. Coradini  J. S. Rand  L. J. Filippich  J. M. Morton  C. A. O'Leary 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2015,99(4):757-766

Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations are increased for 12–24 h in healthy cats following moderate‐ to high‐carbohydrate meals. This study investigated associations between gastric emptying time and post‐prandial plasma glucose, insulin and lactate concentrations in cats fed an extruded dry, high‐carbohydrate, moderate‐fat, low‐protein diet (51, 28, 21% metabolizable energy, respectively) once daily by varying meal volume. Eleven healthy, non‐obese, neutered adult cats were enrolled in a prospective study and fed to maintain body weight. Ultrasound examinations were performed for up to 26 h, and blood collections over 24 h after eating meals containing approximately 100% and 50% of the cats’ daily caloric intake (209 and 105 kJ/kg BW, respectively). Gastric emptying time was increased after a meal of 209 kJ/kg BW compared with 105 kJ/kg BW (median gastric emptying times 24 and 14 h, respectively; p = 0.03). Time for glucose to return to fasting was longer after the 209 kJ/kg BW meal (median 20 h; 25th and 75th percentiles 15 and 23 h, respectively) than the 105 kJ/kg BW meal (13, 12 and 14 h; p < 0.01); however, peak glucose was not higher after the 209 kJ/kg BW meal compared with the 105 kJ/kg BW meal [(mean ± SD) 6.6 ± 0.6 and 7.8 ± 1.2 mmol/l, respectively, p = 0.07]. Times for insulin to return to fasting were not significantly longer after the 209 kJ/kg BW meal than the 105 kJ/kg BW meal (p = 0.29). d ‐ and l ‐lactate concentrations were not associated with gastric emptying time or post‐prandial blood glucose and insulin. Based on results obtained, prolonged gastric emptying contributes to prolonged post‐prandial hyperglycemia in cats meal fed a high‐carbohydrate, low‐protein, dry diet and fasting times for cats’ meal‐fed diets of similar composition should be 14–26 h, depending on meal size.  相似文献   

兽用复方利巴韦林注射液组分含量色谱测定法     

赵拉柱  武晋孝  宋艳红  王仲琴 《山西农业科学》2003,31(2):87-89

采用高效液相色谱法测定兽用复方利巴韦林注射液各组分含量,以Extend-C18(十八烷基硅烷健合硅胶)为填充剂,水—乙腈—二乙胺(415∶85∶2.2,用磷酸调pH值为3.0)为流动相,流速1.0ml/min,检测波长225nm,进样量10μ1。该制剂利巴韦林在0.505～2.020μg、盐酸环丙沙星在0.510～2.040μg、乳酸甲氧苄胺嘧啶在0.250～1.000μg范围内峰面积与进样量呈线性关系,相关系数均为0.9999,平均回收率分别为99.9%,99.6%,99.5%。该方法分离效果好,准确可靠,适用于该产品质量控制。  相似文献   

中华绒螯蟹雄性生殖系统生化组成及精子代谢   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  

王群 《水产学报》2002,26(5):411-416

通过对中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺及生殖系统各组织生化成分和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性的测定发现:总碳水化合物的含量以副性腺及输精管内容物(含精荚和精浆)较高,为33.456mg·g-1湿重和21.537mg·g-1湿重,肝胰腺、精荚及精巢的含量较低;碳水化合物中的糖原和葡萄糖含量分别以输精管内容物和肝胰腺最高,分别为0.385mg·g-1湿重和5.866mg·g-1湿重,精巢和肝胰腺中的糖原含量太低而无法检测到,精荚葡萄糖含量最低;蛋白质含量以肝胰腺最高,其余各部分含量显著低于肝胰腺;脂类含量以精巢和肝胰腺最高,其中的甘油三酯仅存于肝胰腺和精巢,且肝胰腺含量显著高于精巢。乳酸脱氢酶活性以贮精囊最高,精荚仅为中等,这可能与精荚壁的通透性有关,而精浆和肝胰腺显著低于其它组织。结果表明,中华绒螯蟹能量代谢主要物质是脂类和蛋白质;精子代谢的能量物质为碳水化合物,并由精浆提供,而其代谢的方式以厌氧代谢为主。  相似文献   

Diagnostic and prognostic use of L‐lactate measurement in equine practice     

I. S. F. Henderson 《Equine Veterinary Education》2013,25(9):468-475

Lactate concentrations can now be measured rapidly and inexpensively in equine hospitals or in the field with a degree of accuracy that is acceptable when compared to laboratory analysers. Arterial or venous blood samples can be used. Short‐term storage of samples for up to 4 h at room temperature does not appear to affect the result. Taking a sample in the field and returning to the practice to analyse it is therefore feasible. Lactate measurement is useful in horses with colic to aid in the diagnosis of an ischaemic lesion and to determine the probability of a successful outcome if surgery is undertaken. Lactate concentrations are also useful as an indicator of hypoxia and/or circulatory disturbances associated with intra‐, or post partum abnormalities including dystocia, prematurity, dysmaturity, neonatal encephalopathy, sepsis, systemic inflammatory response syndrome or enteritis. Measuring lactate concentrations may assist in determining the severity of these conditions and the need for intensive care. Initial lactate concentration and increases or decreases in blood lactate concentration following a period of treatment can provide useful prognostic information. Lactate may also be measured during training to monitor fitness and performance.  相似文献