Increased production of green mussels (Perna viridis) using longline culture and an economic comparison with stake culture on the north coast of Java,Indonesia     

Sri Rejeki  Adolphe O. Debrot  Anneke M. van den Brink  Restiana W. Ariyati  Lestari Lakshmi Widowati 《Aquaculture Research》2021,52(1):373-380

The effectiveness of green mussel (Perna viridis) cultivation was compared between longline culture and the traditional bamboo stake method using different mussel densities in a rural area on the north coast of Java, Indonesia. The study took place in a rural area about 2 km north‐east from the city of Semarang where unsustainable shrimp and fish pond culture in the past has led to massive mangrove loss, spiralling environmental degradation and socio‐economic disintegration. Mangrove‐friendly alternatives for a sustainable socio‐economic recovery of local livelihoods are urgently being sought. Longlines were more successful than the stake method in spat collection. Longlines also showed a small but significantly higher relative weight gain and specific growth rate for mussels than bamboo stakes. Mussels in lower densities showed higher survival and grew to larger individual sizes, but initial seeding density had no significant effect on relative weight gain or specific growth rate per stocking. Slightly lower set‐up costs and time investment and somewhat higher yields for longlines give an almost twofold higher income per time unit of own time invested by the farmer for longline culture over the traditional stake culture method. The profitability of mussel culture using the stake method is below the average hourly wage for skilled labour, but above that when using the longline method. We conclude that green mussel culture using the longline system is feasible as an alternative to less sustainable forms of livelihood for the local communities in mangrove areas.  相似文献   

热带东太平洋海域拟锥齿鲨的繁殖生物学特性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘维  戴小杰 《南方水产》2008,4(2):21-25

研究根据科学观察员在热带东太平洋海域2次调查,调查时间和海域分别为2003年7～11月的03°S～17°S,96°W～146°W范围,2006年2～11月的05°N～10°S,134°W～173°W范围。调查共测定了202尾拟锥齿鲨（Pseudocarcharias kamoharai）的样本,并对其进行分析。结果表明,拟锥齿鲨全长（TL）与全重（W）的关系,雌性是W=9×10^-5TL^2.3116,雄性是W=9×10^-6TL^2.9007。其雌雄性比接近1：1。雌性拟锥齿鲨的总性腺重量随体长增加而增加,增加幅度较大;雌性拟锥齿鲨性成熟的最小TL约为89cm,雄性大约在85～100cm。雌体怀仔数量平均为3.85尾。出生时的TL约为40cm左右。  相似文献   

Are bycatch rates sufficient as the principal fishery performance measure and method of assessment for seabirds?   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Geoffrey Neil Tuck 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2011,21(5):412-422

Dynamic simulation of tuna longline gear using numerical methods     

Ji?Hoon?Lee  Chun?Woo?LeeEmail author  Bong?Jin?Cha 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(6):1287-1294

ABSTRACT:   The underwater shape and hook depth of tuna longline gear are important factors determining fishing performance. In this study, how the shape of tuna longline gear changes in response to sea conditions and gear rigging is explained. Physical models of underwater gear shape were made to simulate fishing gear and analyzed according to the direction and velocity of currents. Then experiments with small-scale models were conducted in a flume tank to confirm the accuracy of the simulation analysis. Finally, the simulation was examined relative to actual longline fishing gear. This approach provided an improvement over previous analytical methods that did not consider fishing gear shape in response to different sea conditions. A useful result is an improved understanding of the relationship between ocean currents and the configuration of longline gear (the shortening ratio, and number of hooks per basket). These factors affect hook depth which, in turn, affects selectivity. Application of these results could lead to more effective and efficient fishing under different sea conditions.  相似文献   

Integrated management to address the incidental mortality of seabirds in longline fisheries     

Eric Gilman 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2001,11(5):391-414

1. Of the myriad of anthropogenic and natural threats to seabirds, one of the most critical global problems is incidental mortality in longline fisheries. Hesitance or failure by fishery managers and longline industries to adequately address this acute problem could result in the extinction of several albatross and petrel species within our lifetimes. 2. An integrated management approach is needed to comprehensively manage longline fisheries to address seabird bycatch. A review of relevant multilateral accords, declarations and actions by regional and international organizations reveals the need to augment international collaboration, especially to address pirate longline fishing. Management authorities and stakeholders need to collaborate to: promote adoption and compliance with effective legally binding accords that cover the ranges of all affected seabirds; ensure that all Range States and relevant distant water fishing nations become contracting parties to these accords; coordinate national implementation of the Food and Agriculture Organization's International Plan of Action on seabirds; set management goals; establish and implement policies to employ seabird deterrent measures; disseminate information on new deterrent measures; locally tailor seabird deterrent measures; standardize data reporting and establish a centralized data repository; coordinate research and monitoring; develop regional surveillance and enforcement systems; and augment less developed countries' capacity and resources to mitigate seabird and longline fishery interactions. 3. Establishing protected areas containing seabird colonies and adjacent waters within a nation's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is potentially an expedient method to reduce interactions between seabirds and longline fisheries. However, establishing high seas marine protected areas to restrict longline fishing in seabird foraging areas, which would require extensive and dynamic boundaries and large buffer zones, may not be a viable short‐term solution due to the long time it is anticipated it could take to resolve legal complications with international treaties, to achieve international consensus and political will, and to acquire requisite extensive resources for surveillance and enforcement. High seas marine protected areas may eventually become a feasible mechanism to address seabird bycatch if nations develop the will to close ocean areas to commercial fisheries to attempt to rehabilitate depleted pelagic fish stocks. 4. Direct involvement of longline industries, through partnerships with national governments and regional organizations, to develop seabird mitigation measures and policies prescribing the use of these measures, is critical. Direct involvement of stakeholders to find solutions to resource management problems leads to stakeholder groups taking ownership of and supporting rules. Bottom‐up approaches are successful in changing interest groups' attitudes and behaviour, to maximize voluntary compliance and minimize conflict and resources required for enforcement. 5. Data gaps must be filled and scientific uncertainty addressed through multilateral collaboration. Research to develop and improve practicable mitigation measures is most urgently needed. Information on the status and trends of albatross populations, where albatrosses forage, the causes of population declines, seabird mortality rates and levels in each longline fishery, and the type of impacts from longlining on seabird populations is also needed. It is well documented that several seabird species are at risk of extinction, incidental bycatch in longline fisheries significantly contributes to many species' decline, and proven mitigation measures are available. Thus, while additional research is critically needed, we should not delay taking precautionary action to wait for additional information, but should immediately act to protect seabirds from the known acute threat of mortality in longline fisheries. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

金枪鱼延绳钓钓具的最适浸泡时间   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

宋利明  徐伟云  曹道梅  赵昌克 《中国水产科学》2013,20(2):346-350

根据2010年10月—2011年1月金枪鱼延绳钓海上调查数据,分两种起绳方式,建立每次作业每一根支绳的浸泡时间计算模型。将钓具的浸泡时间以1 h为间隔分别统计每个区间的支绳数量及大眼金枪鱼(Thunnus obesus)、黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacores)的渔获尾数,并计算其钓获率(CPUE)。结果表明:1)大眼金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼的CPUE都随浸泡时间的增加呈现先增后减的趋势,这是由于饵料的诱引效果变化及渔获的丢失引起的;2)二次曲线可拟合浸泡时间与大眼金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼CPUE的关系;3)大眼金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼CPUE最高的浸泡时间分别为9.9 h和10.1 h。建议:1)今后在金枪鱼延绳钓作业中,保证每一根支绳在水中的浸泡时间为9.5~10.5 h,以提高捕捞效率并减少副渔获物;2)可把延绳钓钓具的浸泡时间作为有效捕捞努力量,并用于CPUE的标准化。研究结果可用于提高捕捞效率并减少副渔获物的技术方案制订,并为渔业生产和CPUE的标准化提供科学参考。  相似文献   

New branch line weighting regimes to reduce the risk of seabird mortality in pelagic longline fisheries without affecting fish catch     

Graham Robertson  Steven G. Candy  Steve Hall 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2013,23(6):885-900

灯光罩网渔船兼作金枪鱼延绳钓捕捞试验   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张鹏  陈森  李杰  张衡  晏磊  杨炳忠 《南方水产科学》2016,(4):110-116

2015年3月~4月利用"粤电渔42212"灯光罩网渔船在南沙北部海域开展了金枪鱼延绳钓捕捞试验。延绳钓试验以不影响灯光罩网的正常作业为前提。试验期间,灯光罩网作业40晚,放网297次,平均渔获率336.4kg·h-1,总渔获质量129.6 t,鸢乌贼(Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis)占85.31%,黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacaes)占0.21%。延绳钓作业7次,放钩2 700枚,总渔获质量1 281.6 kg,剑鱼(Xiphias gladius)和黄鳍金枪鱼分别占72.88%和11.16%;延绳钓平均上钩率和CPUE分别为25.74尾·千钩-1和427.48 kg·千钩-1,其中黄鳍金枪鱼为1.90尾·千钩-1、52.74 kg·千钩-1,剑鱼为3.76尾·千钩-1、291.86 kg·千钩-1。试验证明,金枪鱼延绳钓和灯光罩网的渔场分布恰好一致,作业时间没有冲突。相比发展专业钓船,罩网渔船兼作延绳钓具有投资金额少、生产成本低的优势。建议通过探捕拓展和延长外海渔期,并研究解决金枪鱼保鲜问题。  相似文献   

Oceanographic changes and exploitation drive the spatio‐temporal dynamics of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus)     

Jean‐Marc Fromentin  Gabriel Reygondeau  Sylvain Bonhommeau  Gregory Beaugrand 《Fisheries Oceanography》2014,23(2):147-156

Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABFT) has always displayed spectacular changes in its spatial distribution, but the underlying mechanism of such variations still remains obscure. This study focuses on this challenging issue by scrutinizing the intriguing ‘Brazilian episode’ during which a large quantity of ABFT (a temperate species) was caught during the 1960s in the equatorial Atlantic. To investigate this event, we applied a niche model to an extensive data set of catch and environmental variables from 1960 to 2009. ABFT exhibited a remarkably large ecological niche, which matches well with our current knowledge of ABFT. Our results also depicted a high probability of ABFT occurrence in the South Atlantic and, more interestingly, favorable environmental conditions in the western equatorial Atlantic during the 1960s, but not later. ABFT could thus have migrated from their northern spawning grounds to the South Atlantic during the 1960s through the western equatorial Atlantic, playing the role of an ‘ecological bridge’. We argue that the rarity of ABFT in the southern Atlantic during the last four decades would result from the interaction of several processes, particularly oceanographic conditions, migratory behavior, density‐dependence, exploitation levels and population structure. Examination of the catch data further indicated that the fish caught in the equatorial Atlantic were from the western stock and we concluded that the lack of rebuilding of this stock could result from a regime shift due to the combination of oceanographic changes in the equatorial Atlantic and overfishing in the North Atlantic in the 1960s and 1970s.  相似文献   

Standardized catch and survival rates,and effect of a ban on shark retention,Palau pelagic longline fishery          下载免费PDF全文

Eric Gilman  Milani Chaloupka  Matt Merrifield  Nanette D. Malsol  Chuck Cook 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2016,26(6):1031-1062