春小麦空间诱变后代的变异研究     

郭怡璠  张宏纪  刘文林  孙岩  刘东军  耿宏伟  杨淑萍 《黑龙江农业科学》2014,(10):1-4

为了进一步探索和研究春小麦空间诱变后代的变异,对经返地卫星搭载纯系小麦龙麦26和克丰10号航天诱变种子种植后选育出的7份品系的农艺性状进行了调查,同时对其DNA多态性进行了分析。结果表明:变异品系较原品种在农艺性状上均有所变异,但差异不显著。变异品系与亲本之间存在着不同程度的微卫星多态性,在有效扩增的27对引物中出现3种突变类型:扩增片段增多、扩增片段减少和扩增片段长度有差异,出现的单一突变类型居多。  相似文献   

曼氏无针乌贼微卫星DNA富集文库构建与鉴定     

张川  ;郭宝英  ;吴常文 《浙江水产学院学报》2014,(6):483-487

曼氏无针乌贼是我国四大海产之一,开发其微卫星标记具有重要的科研与应用价值。本研究采用FIASCO法（Fast Isolation by AFLP Sequences Containing repeats）构建了曼氏无针乌贼的（CA）n微卫星富集文库,通过PCR检测出640个阳性克隆,占所有克隆的87%,从阳性克隆中随机选取118个进行测序,序列分析发现,103个克隆含有7次以上的重复序列,其中完全的为67（65%）个,不完全的23个（22.3%）,复合的为13（12.7%）个,重复次数范围为7~59次,平均为38次。在103个序列中共42条可以设计引物,所筛选出的引物可以用于评估曼氏无针乌贼种质资源遗传多样性、遗传结构、亲子鉴定以及放流效果评估等。  相似文献   

安卡纯系肉鸡六个微卫星位点遗传多样性研究     

韩太鑫  杨长锁  孟和  黄启忠 《中国家禽》2006,28(24):121-124

安卡肉鸡是生长速度最快的有色羽肉鸡之一,具有适应性强、耐应激、饲料报酬高等特点。为了了解其群体遗传结构,实验利用6个微卫星标记对3个品系共150只个体进行遗传多样性检测。结果表明3个品系都具有较高的多态性,反映了群体基本的遗传特征,为安卡肉鸡的育种和利用提供了基本的研究数据。  相似文献   

Generalized marker regression and interval QTL mapping methods for binary traits in half-sib family designs   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

H. N. Kadarmideen  & J. C. M. Dekkers 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2001,118(5):297-309

A Generalized Marker Regression Mapping (GMR) approach was developed for mapping Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) affecting binary polygenic traits in a single-family half-sib design. The GMR is based on threshold-liability model theory and regression of offspring phenotype on expected marker genotypes at flanking marker loci. Using simulation, statistical power and bias of QTL mapping for binary traits by GMR was compared with full QTL interval mapping based on a threshold model (GIM) and with a linear marker regression mapping method (LMR). Empirical significance threshold values, power and estimates of QTL location and effect were identical for GIM and GMR when QTL mapping was restricted to within the marker interval. These results show that the theory of the marker regression method for QTL mapping is also applicable to binary traits and possibly for traits with other non-normal distributions. The linear and threshold models based on marker regression (LMR and GMR) also resulted in similar estimates and power for large progeny group sizes, indicating that LMR can be used for binary data for balanced designs with large families, as this method is computationally simpler than GMR. GMR may have a greater potential than LMR for QTL mapping for binary traits in complex situations such as QTL mapping with complex pedigrees, random models and models with interactions.  相似文献   

家鹑与野生日本鸣鹑群体微卫星DNA标记的遗传学分析   总被引：14，自引：6，他引：8  

王惠影  常洪  徐伟  常国斌 《畜牧兽医学报》2004,35(4):367-371

选择10个微卫星标记位点，合成引物对微山湖野生日本鸣鹑和家鹌鹑各40只进行PCR扩增，变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测分型，并对其品种内和品种间的遗传变异进行群体遗传学分析，从分子水平上揭示这两个鹌鹁群体的遗传结构关系、亲缘关系和遗传分化程度，为鹌鹑的遗传资源研究提供新资料。  相似文献   

A microsatellite sequence closely linked to the Waxy gene of Oryza sativa   总被引：30，自引：0，他引：30  

H. F. J. Bligh  R. I. Till  C. A. Jones 《Euphytica》1995,86(2):83-85

Summary A polymorphic microsatellite locus has been located closely linked to the Waxy gene of rice. Primers were designed to allow detection of the microsatellite by utilising the polymerase chain reaction. In screen of 13 commercial rice varieties, four different alleles were found, demonstrating the potential of this marker in commercial rice breeding for starch quality.Abbreviations RFLP Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism - PCR Polymerase Chain Reaxtion  相似文献   

Assessing the genetic diversity of Portuguese maize germplasm using microsatellite markers   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

M.C. Vaz Patto  Z. Satovic  S. Pêgo  P. Fevereiro 《Euphytica》2004,137(1):63-72

A collection of Portuguese maize accessions representing a valuable source of genes for introduction into modern cultivars is stored at the Portuguese Plant Germplasm Bank (Banco Português de Germoplasma Vegetal—BPGV). To assess genetic diversity among inbreds, microsatellite analysis was carried out for 54 inbred lines representing the diversity of Portuguese dent and flint maize germplasm. Fifty American and other European elite inbreds were also analysed for comparison. Fifteen microsatellite loci distributed throughout the maize genome were chosen based on their repeat unit and base composition. A total of 80 alleles were detected with an average allele number of 5.33 per locus. Polymorphism information content (PIC) values and observed genetic distances showed the existence of large variability among inbreds. Cluster analysis indicated that almost all of the inbreds could be distinguished from each other and Portuguese inbreds were present in all clusters formed. These associations were consistent with the known pedigree records of the inbreds, confirming a mixed origin of Portuguese materials. Comparative analysis of microsatellite diversity among groups was established according to important traits for both breeding and line identification. This revealed that, although most of the genetic diversity (>95%) was attributable to differences among inbreds of different groups, the existence of phenotypic differentiation in endosperm colour, kernel type and cob colour could be suggested for grouping. These findings support the joint use of molecular and morphological traits in management of the germplasm collection. In this study, SSR markers proved to be effective to characterise and identify maize inbred lines, and demonstrate associations among them. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Genetic variability in melon based on microsatellite variation   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

A. J. Monforte    J. Garcia-Mas  P. Arus 《Plant Breeding》2003,122(2):153-157

A set of 18 simple‐sequence repeat (SSR or microsatellite) markers was used to study genetic diversity in a collection of 27 melon (Cucumis melo L.) accessions, representing a broad range of wild and cultivated melons. The materials studied were highly polymorphic for SSRs and a total of 114 alleles were detected (average of 6.3 alleles per locus). Cluster analysis suggests the division of these accessions into two major groups, largely corresponding to the division of C. melo in the two subspecies agrestis and melo. The assignment of the accession to the subspecies was generally in agreement with published reports, except for those corresponding to the ‘dudaim’ and ‘chito’ cultivar groups, which, according to the observed SSR variability, should be included in subspecies agrestis. Based on cluster analysis, five groups of accessions were defined. The two most divergent groups include mainly accessions from the Mediterranean which form one group, and accessions from China, Japan, Korea and India forming the other. Both groups shared a low level of intra‐accession variation compared with the other groups, which suggests an erosion of their genetic variability because of drift and/or inbreeding. The remaining accessions, mainly from Central Africa and India, were more variable and may be an important source of genetic variation for melon breeding.  相似文献   

Isolation and characterization of microsatellites in Bambusa arundinacea and cross species amplification in other bamboos   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

S. Nayak    G. R. Rout 《Plant Breeding》2005,124(6):599-602

Isolation and characterization of microsatellites was analysed in Bambusa arundinacea and cross species amplification studied in other bamboos. Microsatellites, tandem repeats of short nucleotide (1–6 bp) sequences, are the DNA marker of choice because of their highly polymorphic, ubiquitous distribution within the genome, ease of genotyping through Polymerase chain reaction, selectively neutral, co‐dominant and multiallelic nature. Six microsatellites, three polymorphic and three monomorphic have been characterized for the first time in a bamboo species, Bambusa arundinacea belonging to the family Poaceae. The numbers of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 13. Cross species amplification was tested in 18 other bamboo species. Monomorphic simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were found to be cross amplified in most of the species tested and polymorphic ones in only three to four species. The utility of SSR loci in a genetic diversity study of B. arundinacea and other cross‐amplified bamboo species has been discussed. This study will help in population genetic studies in bamboo species.  相似文献   

Genetic diversity in soybean as determined by RAPD and microsatellite analysis   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

M.-L. Doldi    J. Vollmann  T. Lelley 《Plant Breeding》1997,116(4):331-335

The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and microsatellite techniques were used to evaluate the genetic diversity among 18 soybean genotypes selected for a breeding programme to increase the protein content of varieties adapted for central European growing conditions. Out of 33 random primers used in RAPD reactions, only 12 showed polymorphism useful for characterization of these genotypes. In contrast, all 12 microsatellite primer pairs used in this study detected polymorphism with 2–6 alleles per locus. Similarity measures and cluster analysis were made using RAPD and simple sequence repeat (SSR) data, separately and together. The resulting dendrograms were compared with each other and with the available pedigree information as a control. The dendrogram derived from RAPD data showed some divergence from the pedigree information available for the lines. The dendrograms based on SSR data and SSR data combined with RAPD gave very good agreement with pedigree information. It can be concluded that the combined use of a limited number of RAPD and SSR markers is a useful and reliable means of evaluating genetic relationships of genotypes in the absence of pedigree data.  相似文献