基于线粒体COI基因的17种菱蜡蝉亚科昆虫DNA条形码研究（半翅目：蜡蝉总科：菱蜡蝉科）     

肖永刚  ;陈祥盛 《山地农业生物学报》2014,(2):44-50

通过对菱蜡蝉科Cixiidae菱蜡蝉亚科Cixiinae 9属17种昆虫的mt DNA COI基因序列进行研究,探讨DNA条形码在菱蜡蝉亚科昆虫中快速识别和准确鉴定的可行性.采用MEGA 5对序列进行比对和遗传距离分析,基于COI基因序列构建ML、MP、NJ、ME系统发育树.结果显示：属间平均遗传距离为0.133,介于0.102 ～0.147之间;属内种间平均遗传距离为0.047,介于0.025～ 0.079之间;地理种群间平均遗传距离为0.039;介于0.024～0.064之间.系统发育树显示：同属物种聚为一小支,分支置信度高达97％ ～ 100％;同一地理类群聚为一支,分支置信度高达98％ ～100％.结果表明应用基于COI基因片段的DNA条形码对菱蜡蝉亚科昆虫分类鉴定是可行的.  相似文献   

基于线粒体及核DNA序列的河南烟草黑胫病菌群体遗传多样性分析     

封松利  蒋士君  宋鹏宇  王海涛  邢国珍  康业斌  李淑君  郑文明 《中国农业大学学报》2014,19(6):16-22

本研究选取2011年采自河南烟区的32个菌株,根据4个核基因(包括rDNA ITS、β-tubulin、Ras和Gpi基因)和1个线粒体基因(Cox1)的保守序列,克隆和测序分析160个相应的基因DNA片段。结果显示,这5个基因DNA序列在病菌群体内碱基序列与参照基因序列相比保守度在83%~100%不等,平均基因型多样性指数(M)为1.422 7。综合使用5个基因联合序列联合构建群体进化系统树,揭示了分布于河南省14个县区的32个分离菌系可分为2个明显的组,包括15个不同的联合基因型,基因型多样性指数为2.35,反映了病菌致病变种内存在的遗传变异多样性。其中,最优势的2个联合基因型分别涵盖8个c基因型菌系和6个e基因型菌系。然而,各基因型间遗传分化的总水平很低,组间的遗传距离仅为0.000 5,说明烟草黑胫病菌在河南生长烟草中的菌株可能属于同一有效群体。同时,不同分化菌株遗传亲缘关系与地理来源之间也没有显著的相关性,表明烟草黑胫病菌河南群体内存在密切的菌源交流,没有形成明显的地理亚群体分化。本研究结果可广泛应用于大规模黑胫病菌群体菌系的动态检测,服务于烟草抗黑胫病育种和品种合理布局。  相似文献   

Influence of salinity on the energetics of gill and kidney of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)     

Stephen D. McCormick  Christopher D. Moyes  James S. Ballantyne 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1989,6(4):243-254

The effect of seawater acclimation and adaptation to various salinities on the energetics of gill and kidney of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) was examined. Smolts and non-smolts previously reared in fresh water were exposed to a rapid increase in salinity to 30 ppt. Plasma osmolarity, [Na⁺], [Cl^–], [K⁺] and [Mg⁺⁺] increased in both groups but were significantly lower in smolts than non-smolts. Gill Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase specific activity, initially higher in smolts, increased in both groups after 18 days in seawater. Kidney Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase specific activity was not affected by salinity in either group. Gill and kidney citrate synthase specific activity was not affected by seawater exposure in smolts but decreased in non-smolts. In a second experiment, Atlantic salmon smolts reared in fresh water were acclimated to 0, 10 or 30 ppt seawater for 3 months at a temperature of 13–14°C. Gill Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase was positively correlated with salinity, displaying 2.5- and 5-fold higher specific activity at 10 and 30 ppt, respectively, than at 0 ppt. Kidney Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase specific activity was not significantly affected by environmental salinity. Citrate synthase and cytochrome c oxidase specific activities in gill were slightly (6–13%) lower at 10 ppt than at 0 and 30 ppt, whereas kidney activities were lowest at 30 ppt. Oxygen consumption of isolated gill filaments was significantly higher when incubated in isosmotic saline and at 30 ppt than at 0 ppt, but was not affected by the prior acclimation salinity. The results indicate that although high salinity induces increased gill Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase activity, it does not induce substantial increases in metabolic capacity of gill or kidney.  相似文献   

Assessing common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) population structure in Mississippi Sound and coastal waters of the north central Gulf of Mexico     

Nicole L. Vollmer  Patricia E. Rosel  Keith D. Mullin  Lori H. Schwacke  Lance P. Garrison  Brian C. Balmer  Kevin Barry  Anthony Martinez  Brian M. Quigley  Carrie Sinclair  Todd R. Speakman  Jesse Wicker  Lynsey Wilcox  Eric S. Zolman 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2021,31(10):2951-2966

1. Population structure of highly mobile marine organisms can be complex and difficult to study, but it is important to understand how populations partition themselves within their environment for accurate assessment of both natural and anthropogenic impacts and successful management. The 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill negatively impacted common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) within Mississippi Sound and the surrounding north central Gulf of Mexico (GOMx); however, little was known about their underlying population structure in these waters. Thus, it was unclear how many demographically independent populations were affected by the spill.
2. Common bottlenose dolphin samples were collected throughout inshore waters of Mississippi Sound and coastal waters of the north-central GOMx. Mitochondrial DNA control region sequence data and 19 nuclear microsatellite loci were analysed to determine how many populations are present and characterize their range throughout these waters.
3. Bayesian clustering and migration analyses identified two genetically distinct and demographically independent populations: one predominantly inhabiting Mississippi Sound and adjacent coastal waters, and a second population extending generally from offshore of Mobile Bay, Alabama, east along the Florida Panhandle. Neither of these populations align with the currently delineated management stocks previously used to estimate impacts from the oil spill on common bottlenose dolphins in this portion of the GOMx.
4. These results suggest that revisions may be necessary so that management stocks accurately represent the demographically independent populations present in these waters. Furthermore, better comprehension of underlying population structure will enhance impact assessments on common bottlenose dolphins and provide more appropriate baseline data to support future restoration and conservation objectives.

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DNA content of the cell nucleus in the macroalga <Emphasis Type="Italic">Porphyra yezoensis</Emphasis> (Rhodophyta)     

Kazuyo Matsuyama-Serisawa  Maki Yamamoto  Mariko Fujishita  Hirotoshi Endo  Yukihiko Serisawa  Satoshi Tabata  Shigeyuki Kawano  Naotsune Saga 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(3):738-740

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复合侵染水茄的两种菜豆金色花叶病毒属病毒基因组结构特征分析     

赵丽玲  钟静  施章吉  李婷婷  丁铭  张仲凯 《植物保护学报》2020,47(2):355-364

为明确水茄Solanum torvum植株叶片邹缩、褪绿是否由菜豆金色花叶病毒属病毒侵染引起,从云南省西双版纳傣族自治州田间采集具有疑似感染症状的水茄植株叶片样品,应用菜豆金色花叶病毒属病毒简并引物和特异性引物进行PCR扩增、克隆和测序,通过生物信息软件分析比较其核苷酸序列特征,并对其进行系统发育分析。结果显示,从采集的疑似病叶中共克隆获得了5条菜豆金色花叶病毒属病毒DNA-A全序列和3条DNA-B全序列,经全序列分析发现,侵染水茄的2种菜豆金色花叶病毒属病毒分离物分别属于中国南瓜曲叶病毒(squash leaf curl China virus,SLCCNV)和野茼蒿黄脉病毒(Crassocephalum yellow vein virus,CraYVV)。SLCCNV水茄分离物的基因组具有典型的菜豆金色花叶病毒属病毒双组分结构特征,与来自泰国的SLCCNV分离物(AB330078)亲缘关系最近,相似性最高达到99.0%;CraYVV水茄分离物的基因组具有典型的菜豆金色花叶病毒属病毒单组分结构特征,与来自云南省景洪市的CraYVV分离物(EF165536)亲缘关系最近,相似性最高达到97.6%。表明水茄是这2种菜豆金色花叶病毒属病毒的新寄主,并首次发现双组分和单组分菜豆金色花叶病毒属病毒可复合侵染水茄。  相似文献   

Mitochondria respiratory chain related genes expression in post ischemia/reperfusion rat     

WU Qi  DENG Xiao-ming  YUAN You-zhong  XIONG Yuan-chang  LIU Shu-xiao 《园艺学报》2000,16(8):722-725

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黄鳝线粒体DNA的提取及其酶切分析     

袁思霓  张碧乾 《湖北农业科学》2008,47(3):262-264

用碱裂解法从黄鳝肝脏组织中提取线粒体DNA,并对提取的线粒体DNA纯度、完整性进行了检测.结果表明,其紫外吸收比值为OD26/280在1.72～1.96之间,纯度较高,琼脂糖凝胶电泳表明提取线粒体的完整性好;用EcoR Ⅰ和HindⅢ对黄鳝线粒体DNA进行酶切,用琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测,均能检测出两套不同的酶切片段,证明黄鳝线粒体DNA存在多态性.  相似文献   

基因组印记的研究进展   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

吴萍 《中国畜牧兽医》2002,29(3):32-35

综述基因组印记的可能发生机制及人和鼠中常见的印记基因，论述了且印记作用的生物学意义。  相似文献   

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Three Newly Discovered Native Chicken Breeds in Yunnan Using mtDNA D-loop Region Sequences     

WANG Kun  DOU Tengfei  LI Qihua  LIU Mingzheng  LI Fengyun  JIA Junjing  GE Changrong 《中国畜牧兽医》2007,47(10):3232-3241

This study was aimed to evaluate the information of their genetic background of Frizzle chicken (FM),Naked-neck chicken (CB) and YN chicken (YN) that were three newly discovered native chicken genetic resources with excellent characteristics,which had been found in Nujiang prefecture and mountainous area of Yunnan province.The variation in a total of 168 individuals sampled from the three chicken populations was assessed using the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop region sequences as genetic marker.The results showed that there were a total of 27 haplotypes were defined in the three native chicken as well as the haplotype diversity of these three chicken were 0.947,0.938 and 0.596,respectively.The nucleotide diversity of these three chicken were 0.01268,0.01434 and 0.00239,respectively.Phylogenetic tree displayed that all 168 individuals distributed in maternal lineage A,B,C,E,F and G.Frizzle chicken contained lineages E,F and G,and Naked-neck chicken contained all 6 lineages,of which the main lineages were E,F and G.YN chicken included lineages E,F and G,and lineage E was the highest percentage in this population.Also,it found that YN chicken was closely related to Gallus gallus murghi,White Plymouth Rock chicken,White Leghorn chicken and New Hampshires chicken,while Naked-neck chicken was closely related to Gallus gallus spadiceus,Gallus gallus jabouillei,Gallus gallus gallus Linnaeus,Indonesian cockfight and Laos chicken.The Frizzle chickens shared more haplotypes with Naked-neck chicken,and the evolutionary relationship between the two species was closer.This study provided a basis for the origin and genetic assessment of three newly discovered Yunnan local chicken breeds.  相似文献