尼罗罗非鱼绿色荧光蛋白/GH融合表达载体的构建及其在NIH293T细胞中的表达     

王茂元 张平邹芝英  李大宇杨弘 《中国农学通报》2011,27(7):385-389

从尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)脑垂体中分离其总RNA,经反转录合成为第一条cDNA链,再以第一条cDNA为模板,经过RT-PCR,克隆得到全长785bp的生长激素基因,序列分析表明：GH开放阅读框为615bp,共编码204个氨基酸;其中含有17个氨基酸的信号肽和187个氨基酸的成熟GH序列。同时我们将其插入到载体启动子下游,与增强型绿色荧光蛋白(enhanced green fluorescent protein,EGFP)报告基因融合,重组质粒经菌液PCR、限制性内切酶酶切和测序进行鉴定。通过脂质体转染分别将pEGFP-GH重组表达载体、pEGFP-N1转到293T细胞中,以检测尼罗罗非鱼GH基因表达的活性。结果显示,阳性对照组pEGFP-N1,有荧光表达的细胞占90%以上;pEGFP-GH可见绿色荧光,但是有荧光表达的细胞较少,强度较弱。上述实验现象表明,所获得的尼罗罗非鱼GH基因具有较好的表达活性,能够在真核细胞中表达。  相似文献   

吉富品系尼罗罗非鱼选育F6评估     

赵金良  李思发  何学军  白志毅  蔡完其  邓效伟  周培勇  丁国强  康和平 《上海海洋大学学报》2003,(3):201-204

报道了对吉富品系尼罗罗非鱼进行混合选择所产生的F6代的生长速度和尾鳍条纹的研究结果。在青岛和蚌埠两个试验站,同F5相比,F6的平均日增重率分别提高了2．5％和8．5％,体重变异系数分别降低了14．3％和11．0％;同对照组相比,F6的平均日增重率提高了29．5％,体重变异系数降低了16．4％。同时,在青岛和蚌埠两个试验站,F6尾鳍条纹清晰与整齐的比例从对照组的17．6％分别提高到了28．8％和38．9％。以上表明,吉富品系尼罗罗非鱼经六代选择仍保持一定的选择效应。另外,对一些影响选育效果评价的因子作了分析。  相似文献   

吡啶甲酸铬对吉富罗非鱼生长、饲料利用和非特异性免疫功能的影响     

杨奇慧  谭北平  董晓慧  迟淑艳  刘泓宇  张伟 《中国饲料》2012,(1):26-32

本试验研究饲料不同水平吡啶甲酸铬对其生长、饲料利用,体成分、血液生化指标和非特异性免疫功能的影响。600尾吉富罗非鱼分为5个处理组,每个处理各设4个重复,每重复30尾鱼。每个处理铬添加量分别为0、0.4、0.8、1.2 mg/kg和10.0 mg/kg,在0.38 m3玻璃纤维钢桶中用开放式流水养殖,饲养8周。结果表明,饲料中添加吡啶甲酸铬对吉富罗非鱼的增重率、特异生长率、饲料系数、蛋白效率及蛋白质沉积率均有显著影响(P<0.05)。当铬添加量为0～0.8 mg/kg时,随着添加量增加,可显著提高吉富罗非鱼增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率和蛋白质沉积率(P<0.05),显著降低饲料系数(P<0.05),但对成活率和肝体比无显著影响(P>0.05);当饲料中添加为1.2 mg/kg～10.0 mg/kg时并未能进一步提高罗非鱼的生长和饲料利用。同时,铬添加水平为0～0.8 mg/kg,随着添加水平增加,显著提高吉富罗非鱼全鱼的蛋白质和磷含量(P<0.05),显著降低全鱼水分、脂肪和灰分含量(P<0.05),并显著提高吉富罗非鱼血清总蛋白含量以及肝胰脏AKP、ACP和LZM的活性(P<0.05),显著降低血清葡萄糖含量(P<0.05),但对血清胆固醇和甘油三酯含量及肝胰脏T-SOD活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。当饲料中添加铬1.2 mg/kg和10.0 mg/kg,除了显著降低肝胰脏AKP活性外(P<0.05),对血清生化指标和肝胰脏非特异性免疫酶活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。综合生长、饲料利用、体组成成分、血液生化指标和肝胰脏非特异性免疫酶活性的影响结果表明,对于0.91～4.93 g吉富罗非鱼,饲料中以吡啶甲酸铬的形式添加0.8～1.2 mg/kg铬为宜。  相似文献   

吉富罗非鱼对饲料精氨酸的需要量   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

武文一  蒋明  刘伟  吴凡  田娟  杨长庚  文华 《动物营养学报》2016,(5):1412-1424

以饲料精氨酸水平分别为0.67%、0.94%、1.24%、1.58%、1.86%和2.11%的6种等氮等能的半纯化饲料(粗蛋白质含量30.21%,总能17.77 MJ/kg),投喂初始体重为(81.52±2.00)g的吉富罗非鱼60 d,考察饲料精氨酸水平对吉富罗非鱼生长性能、饲料利用、体成分、血清生化指标和非特异性免疫指标的影响,以期获得吉富罗非鱼对饲料精氨酸的最佳需要量。每种饲料投喂3个网箱,每个网箱放养15尾鱼。结果表明:随着饲料精氨酸水平的升高,吉富罗非鱼的增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率以及蛋白质沉积率均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,并均在1.58%组达到最高值,与其他组差异显著(P0.05);饲料系数、肝体比、脏体比则呈现先下降后上升的趋势,饲料系数在1.58%组达到最低值,与其他组差异显著(P0.05);全鱼粗脂肪和肌肉粗灰分含量的变化趋势与饲料系数相似,肌肉粗脂肪呈现与增重率和特定生长率相似的变化趋势,而全鱼粗灰分和肌肉粗蛋白质含量则呈先上升后稳定的趋势。饲料精氨酸水平对吉富罗非鱼的肥满度,全鱼水分、粗蛋白质及肌肉水分含量无显著影响(P0.05)。肌肉中各氨基酸(除酪氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸外)、必需氨基酸、总氨基酸含量均随饲料精氨酸水平的升高呈先上升后下降的趋势。饲料精氨酸水平显著影响血清中谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶活性及总胆固醇、甘油三酯、总蛋白、尿素氮和葡萄糖含量(P0.05),也显著影响肝脏和血清中总超氧化物歧化酶、总一氧化氮合酶和溶菌酶的活性(P0.05)。以增重率、饲料系数和蛋白质效率为主要评价指标,通过二次回归分析可知,吉富罗非鱼对饲料中精氨酸需要量为1.51%~1.58%,占饲料蛋白质的4.99%~5.25%。  相似文献   

Effects of Dietary Protein Levels on Gonad Maturation, Size and Age at First Maturity, Fecundity and Growth of Nile Tilapia     

Y.S. Al Hafedh  A.Q. Siddiqui  M.Y. Al-Saiady 《Aquaculture International》1999,7(5):319-332

Six-week-old Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry with an average weight (SD) of 0.51(0.2) g were reared for 140 days on five formulated, isocaloric diets of different protein levels (25, 30, 40 and 45% by dry weight). Fish fed diets of higher protein levels (40 and 45%) showed better growth and feed conversion ratio than those on lower protein levels. Fast-growing fish matured earlier. Maturation rate was affected by the dietary protein levels. Males matured earlier than females: the first mature males were recorded when they were 14 weeks old, whereas the females matured after 18 weeks. In both sexes, mean percentage of mature fish rose with increasing dietary protein level, the percentage of mature males being higher than that of the females. Similarly, the percentage of mature fish rose with the increasing age of fish, with more than 50% males and females mature at the age of 22 and 24 weeks, respectively, the exception being the 25% protein diet fed fish, where the percentage of mature fish was below 50%. In all treatments, spawning was initiated when the fish were 22 weeks old. Smallest size at spawning of males and females was 9.2 cm (13.1 g) and 8.1 cm (8.9 g), respectively, and dietary protein levels influenced the size of fish at first maturity. For both sexes, no difference was found in the gonado-somatic index (GSI) among different treatments. Fecundity increased with increasing dietary protein levels, but significant differences were found only between 40–45% and 25–35% dietary protein levels. The relative fecundity (eggs g^–1 female) was higher at the lower dietary protein levels (25–35%) than at the higher dietary protein levels (40–45%). The dietary protein levels did not have any significant influence on the size and weight of mature eggs. The chemical composition of fish and mature ovaries was significantly influenced by the dietary protein level.  相似文献   

盐酸诺氟沙星在奥尼罗非鱼体内的生物利用度研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈本亮  张其中  于相满 《淡水渔业》2011,41(3):66-71

采用高效液相色谱法分别测定静脉注射和混饲口灌奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis aureus×O.niloticus)盐酸诺氟沙星后鱼体血液中该药含量变化,用3P97药动学软件分析药动学参数,计算生物利用度.结果表明,在(25±1)℃水温下,以10 mg/kg剂量对奥尼罗非鱼静脉注射和混饲口灌盐酸诺氟沙星,静脉注射药时...  相似文献   

Detection of transgenic DNA in tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus, GIFT strain) fed genetically modified soybeans (Roundup Ready)     

Tao Ran  Liu Mei  Wang Lei  Liu Aihua  He Ru  & Sun Jie 《Aquaculture Research》2009,40(12):1350-1357

We used nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect Roundup Ready soybean in aquatic feeds and feeding tilapias. A template concentration of 10⁻¹⁰ g μL⁻¹ DNA solution could be detected with a dilute degree of 0.01%. Most (90.6%) of the aquatic feeds containing soybean byproduct included exogenous DNA segments. We also compared genetically modified (GM) soybean with non-GM soybean diets in feeding tilapias ( Oreochromis niloticus , GIFT strain) and examined the residual fragments (254 bp) of GM soybeans. Tilapias receiving GM soybean diets had DNA fragments in different tissues and organs, indicating that exogenous GM genes were absorbed systemically and not completely degraded by the tilapia's alimentary canal.  相似文献   

Re-evaluation of total sulphur amino acid requirement and determination of replacement value of cystine for methionine in semi-purified diets of juvenile Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus     

T.N. NGUYEN  & D.A. DAVIS 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2009,15(3):247-253

Two feeding experiments were conducted to re-evaluate the total sulphur amino acid (TSAA; methionine and cystine) requirement and determine the replacement value of cystine for methionine of juvenile Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ). Semi-purified diets used in both experiments contained 3510 kcal gross energy and 280 g of protein per kilogram diet from casein, gelatin and crystalline amino acids. The basal diet of the first experiment contained 3.1 g methionine and 0.4 g cystine per kilogram. l -methionine was added to the seven remaining diets at 1.0 g kg⁻¹ increment to produce methionine levels ranging from 3.1 to 10.1 g kg⁻¹ diet. Each diet was fed to four replicate groups of juvenile Nile tilapia (1.28 g mean weight) in a recirculation system for 8 weeks. Broken-line regression analysis of weight gain data indicated that the TSAA requirement of juvenile Nile tilapia was 8.5 g kg⁻¹ of the diet or 30.4 g kg⁻¹ of dietary protein. In the second experiment, TSAA level was set at 95% of the requirement value determined in the first experiment. Seven diets were made with different ratios of l -methionine and l -cystine (20 : 80, 30 : 70, 40 : 60, 50 : 50, 60 : 40, 70 : 30 and 80 : 20, based on an equimolar sulphur basis). Each diet was also fed to four replicate groups of juvenile Nile tilapia (4.14 g mean weight) in a recirculation system for 8 weeks. Regression analysis of weight gain data using broken-line model indicated that cystine (on a molar sulphur basis) could replace up to 49% of methionine requirement in semi-purified diets for juvenile Nile tilapia.  相似文献   

不同水温下无乳链球菌在尼罗罗非鱼体内的动态分布及其消除规律          下载免费PDF全文

郭富强  张德锋  曹建萌  刘志刚  可小丽  卢迈新 《渔业科学进展》2018,39(6):81-88

本研究以腹腔注射无乳链球菌(Streptococcus agalactiae, WC1535菌株)后的尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus,GIFT strain)为研究对象,研究不同水温下无乳链球菌在尼罗罗非鱼体内的动态分布及消除规律。首先,分析25℃、29℃和33℃3个实验组罗非鱼的感染累积死亡率;其次,对3个实验组罗非鱼进行无乳链球菌的体外分离、培养和计数;然后,分析感染后不同实验组罗非鱼脑、肝脏、脾脏和肾脏组织中无乳链球菌的浓度。结果显示,随着水温的升高罗非鱼的累积死亡率也随之升高,25℃、29℃和33℃组的累积死亡率分别为6.67%、25.56%和78.90%。菌落统计结果显示,随着水温的升高,无乳链球菌在罗非鱼体内的增殖速度加快,同时,单位质量组织(脑、肝脏、脾脏和肾脏)中无乳链球菌的最大载菌量也随之升高。本研究还发现,无乳链球菌在罗非鱼脾脏中的浓度最高,在肾脏中的存活时间最长。综上可知,尼罗罗非鱼感染无乳链球菌后,体内各组织中链球菌的增殖、消除速度均与水温密切相关。本研究为研究无乳链球菌的致病机制奠定基础,也为通过合理调控水温及施药等措施防治尼罗罗非鱼链球菌病的暴发提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Partial substitution of fish meal with soybean and cottonseed meals in diets for African bonytongue,Heterotis niloticus (Cuvier, 1829) fingerlings: effects on growth,feed efficiency and body composition     

Serge‐Eric Monentcham  Jean Kouam  Didier Chuba  Bernard Wathelet  Victor Pouomogne  Patrick Kestemont 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(10):e385-e392

A feeding trial was conducted to examine the suitability of soybean meal (SBM) and cottonseed meal (CSM) as a partial substitute for the dietary protein supplied by fish meal for H. niloticus fingerlings. Fish were fed with four isonitrogenous (350 g kg^?1 crude protein) and isoenergetic (18.8 kJ g^?1 GE) diets in which fish meal protein was gradually replaced by plant protein from a mixture of SBM and CSM (0%, 25%, 50% and 75% in diets 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively). Triplicate groups of fingerlings H. niloticus (mean weight of 5 g) were handfed twice daily to apparent satiation for 60 days inside net hapas. Growth performances (SGR varied from 3.09% to 3.16% day^?1) of fingerlings fed diets containing 0%, 25% and 50% plant protein were not significantly different (P>0.05). At 75% fish meal substitution, growth and feed utilization efficiency indicators were significantly reduced (P<0.05). The carcass composition were also significantly (P<0.05) affected by the replacement level of fish meal, except dry matter and ash. Results suggest that the dietary fish meal protein could efficiently be substituted by a mixture of soybean and cottonseed meals up to 50%, without adverse effects on maximal growth in practical diets for H. niloticus fingerlings.  相似文献